Examination of data normalization procedures for expressing peak VO2 data.

Peak O2 uptake (VO2) has traditionally been compared among individuals differing in body composition by dividing measured values (1/min) by fat-free mass (FFM) (i.e., ratio method).

A practical equation to predict resting metabolic rate in older men.

The accuracy of previous equations for predicting resting metabolic rate (RMR) in healthy older men is questionable because they are based on limited sample sizes and the absence of cross-validation procedures. The purposes of this study were to (1) examine biological predictors of RMR in healthy older men; (2) develop a practical equation to predict RMR from easily measured variables and examine its accuracy using cross-validation procedures; and (3) test the validity of existing equations in the literature to predict RMR in older men by comparison with measured RMR values. RMR, body composition, anthropometric measurements, leisure time activity (LTA), maximal aerobic power (VO2max), energy intake, and plasma thyroid hormone levels were determined in 89 healthy older men aged 50 to 78 years.

Exercise conditioning in older coronary patients. Submaximal lactate response and endurance capacity.

Background: Older coronary patients are at high risk of cardiac disability. Exercise conditioning programs have been demonstrated to improve functional capacity, particularly in younger coronary patients. In this study, the effects of aerobic conditioning on submaximal and maximal indicators of exercise performance were examined in 45 older coronary patients.

A practical equation to predict resting metabolic rate in older females.

Objective: To develop a practical and accurate age-specific equation for predicting resting metabolic rate (RMR) in older women and, thereafter, to cross-validate existing equations for predicting RMR in older females.

Design: Cross-sectional validation study.

Setting: General Clinical Research Center.

Determinants of decline in resting metabolic rate in aging females.

We considered the association of several metabolic and lifestyle variables as modulators of the decline in resting metabolic rate (RMR) and fat-free weight (FFW) in 183 healthy females (18-81 yr). RMR showed a curvilinear decline with age, which was significant in women aged 51-81 yr but not in women aged 18-50 yr. FFW showed a curvilinear decline with age, which was significant (P < 0.

Postoperative assessment of cerebral blood flow in subarachnoid haemorrhage by means of 99mTc-HMPAO tomography.

Regional hypoperfusion is a very frequent complication of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), being related to vasospasm in the majority of cases. Twenty-six patients who were admitted for SAH underwent follow-up with technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime single photon emission tomography (SPECT) 3 and 8 days after surgery. Fifteen patients of these had one more examination 15 days after surgery.

[Intraoperative posture in the surgery of lumbar disk hernia].

For surgery of the lumbar disc, with a posterior route, the patient is placed either in a prone, or a knee-chest, or a lateral position. They aim at facilitating the surgical access in decreasing local bleeding and collapsing the dural sheath. This benefit, as a result of the maintenance of the pressure in the epidural venous system at a low level, is obtained through the absence of any abdominal compression as well as the posture.

Resting energy metabolism and cardiovascular disease risk in resistance-trained and aerobically trained males.

The objectives of this study were (1) to examine differences in resting metabolic rate (RMR) and cardiovascular risk factors among aerobically trained (n = 36), resistance-trained (n = 18), and untrained (n = 42) young males; and (2) to investigate the influence of body composition, dietary intake, and VO2max as possible modulators of differences in cardiovascular risk among groups. Results showed that RMR, adjusted for differences in fat-free weight (FFW), was 5% higher in aerobically trained males compared with resistance-trained males (P < .01), and 10% higher than that in untrained males (P < .

Preventing Sudden Death.

In brief Identifying all athletes at risk for exercise-related sudden death is difficult because reliable screening is expensive. And even if a perfect screening method existed, a very large number of athletes would need to be tested to find one at risk. Unfortunately, a standard history and physical exam do not readily identify the forms of congenital heart disease that can lead to exercise-related sudden death.

Progressive aortic valve inflammation occurring despite apparent remission of relapsing polychondritis.

We describe a patient with relapsing polychondritis in whom aortic valve inflammation developed 3 years after diagnosis, when the polychondritis had been in apparent remission for an extended period of time. Infection and cardiac involvement can be significant complications of relapsing polychondritis. Recommendations for monitoring and treatment of patients with this disease are discussed.

Referral patterns and exercise response in the rehabilitation of female coronary patients aged greater than or equal to 62 years.

Gender-related differences in cardiac rehabilitation referral patterns and response to an aerobic conditioning program were examined in 226 hospitalized older coronary patients (aged greater than or equal to 62 years). Overall, the outpatient cardiac rehabilitation participation rate in this population was 21%. Older women were less likely to enter cardiac rehabilitation than were older men (15 vs 25%; p = 0.

Predictors of cardiac rehabilitation participation in older coronary patients.

Background: While older coronary patients have a lower exercise capacity than younger coronary patients and have been demonstrated to improve exercise capacity to a degree similar to younger coronary patients, they are less likely to be referred to an outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program. The goal of this study was to determine demographic, medical, and psychosocial predictors of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation participation in hospitalized older post--coronary event patients.

Methods: An in-hospital-guided interview was performed by the clinical research nurse of the cardiac rehabilitation program with 226 hospitalized patients, aged 62 years and older, who had recently suffered a myocardial infarction or coronary bypass surgery.

Cardiac rehabilitation participation predicts lower rehospitalization costs.

The effect of participation in cardiac rehabilitation on medical costs was determined by measuring hospitalization charges for cardiac admissions over a 3-year period in 580 post-coronary event patients (58% after coronary bypass surgery, 42% after myocardial infarction), of whom 230 entered a cardiac rehabilitation program and 350 did not. Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction was similar in entrants and nonentrants (59.9% vs 59.

[Evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics by transcranial Doppler in anesthesia and reanimation].

Doppler technics are widely used for the investigation of the peripheral flows. The main objective of the method is to detect and quantify the vascular disease (stenosis, arterio-venous malformation) at the level of the carotid bifurcation or on the intracranial vessels. The spectral analysis provides informations on the velocity profile, and allows to quantify systolic, diastolic, and mean frequencies from which the usual haemodynamic parameters are determined.

Cardiac and skeletal muscle adaptations to training in systemic hypertension and effect of beta blockade (metoprolol or propranolol).

Cardiovascular and peripheral adaptations to an aerobic conditioning program were studied in 30 hypertensive adults taking either placebo, beta 1-selective beta-adrenergic blocker (metoprolol) or beta 1-nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker (propranolol). The placebo group increased aerobic capacity (VO2max) 24% (p less than 0.002), largely explained by an increased peripheral arteriovenous (AV) oxygen difference with minimal changes in cardiac size and function.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing before and after conditioning in older coronary patients.

Cardiac rehabilitation has been demonstrated to improve aerobic capacity in young and middle-aged coronary patients. The effect of an aerobic conditioning program on cardiopulmonary markers of fitness was assessed in 22 older patients (mean age 68 years) following a coronary event compared with 37 younger patients (mean age 52 years). Before conditioning, peak oxygen consumption was lower in the older patients, 16.

[Peroperative aneurysmal rupture: role and consequences of temporary clamping].

Intraoperative rupture of a cerebral aneurysm is not always controlled by anaesthesiological and surgical methods. Its frequency is about 7 to 36% of procedures. Prevention by induced hypotension is by itself a factor of morbidity since regional circulatory disturbances are issued from subarachnoid hemorrhage (hypovolemia, dysautoregulation, vasospasm.

[A retrospective multicenter study of severe aneurysms].

From these 196 aneurysms of high grade at the admission 61% die, but 16% have a good recovery. The high mortality of early surgical operations must be moderate by the seriousness of rebleeding in attempting a further surgery.

Endurance exercise training in Friedreich ataxia.

The purpose of this case study was to determine whether a patient with Friedreich ataxia (FA) would experience a clinically significant physiologic adaptation to aerobic endurance training. A 38-year-old man with FA underwent graded exercise testing with collection of expired gases on a bicycle ergometer before and after training, to determine maximum work capacity and oxygen consumption. Training consisted of 27 electrocardiographically monitored exercise sessions on the ergometer, each for 20 to 25 minutes at a workload adjusted to achieve an exercising heart rate equal to 70% to 85% of his pretest maximum, preceded and followed by a stretching routine.

[Does nimodipine improve the outcome of perioperative complications of aneurysm rupture? Results of systematic treatment].

Morbidity after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages is proceeding from many factors; ischemic etiology is underestimated and frequently thought to be vasospasm related only. Other undoubted mechanisms are in the setting of ischemic disorders after ruptured aneurysms. The management of these disorders is relevant of new calcium blockers.

[Intravenous nimodipine in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by aneurysm rupture: a comparative multicenter study].

The efficacy of intravenous Nimodipine (used at the rate of 2 mg.h-1) was investigated in the treatment of delayed ischemic deterioration or angiographic vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by a ruptured aneurysm in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study. A total of 127 case reports was validated: 73 patients received Nimodipine, 54 received placebo.

Usefulness of myocardial ischemia as predictor of training effect in cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass grafting.

Exercise capacity increases to a variable degree in coronary patients during cardiac rehabilitation. The effect of baseline exercise-induced ischemia on the response to a 12-week conditioning program was evaluated in 106 coronary patients. The magnitude of exercise conditioning response was greater in nonischemic patients than in ischemic patients, with maximal exercise intensity increasing 69 versus 50% (7.