Do bitcoin electricity consumption and carbon footprint exhibit random walk and bubbles? Analysis with policy implications.

One of the main current focuses of global economies and decision-makers is the efficiency of energy utilization in cryptocurrency mining and trading, along with the reduction of associated carbon emissions. Understanding the pattern of Bitcoin's energy consumption and its bubble frequency can greatly enhance policy analysis and decision-making for energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction. This research aims to assess the validity of the random walk hypothesis for Bitcoin's electricity consumption and carbon footprint.

Environmental pollution, energy import, and economic growth: evidence of sustainable growth in South Africa and Nigeria.

Simultaneous achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially energy efficiency (SDG 7), economic growth (SDG 8), and pollution reduction (SDG 13), has been a major challenge among the developing countries. Besides, there is absence of a study which quantifies clean production (net growth-emission effects) and energy import efficiency (net growth-energy import effects) as indicators of sustainable growth. Thus, this current study examines this issue for South Africa and Nigeria at aggregate and sectoral levels between 1981 and 2015 using simultaneous equation models and threshold regression analysis.