Clinico-cytological analysis of conjunctiva and ocular surface symptoms of patients on topical anti-glaucoma medications attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria: A case-control study.

Background: The long-term use of topical anti-glaucoma medications is often associated with ocular surface toxicity that can affect the patient's drug compliance and quality of life. This study assessed the effect of these medications, using cytological changes of the conjunctiva and ocular surface symptoms.

Materials And Methods: This was a clinic-based, case-control study that was conducted at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital that compared glaucoma patients on topical medications with age-sex-matched controls.

The Quality of Life of Medically Versus Surgically Treated Primary Open-angle Glaucoma Patients at a Nigerian Hospital.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the quality of life (QoL) of medically treated versus surgically treated primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: The study was a hospital-based, comparative cross-sectional study. Consecutive consenting POAG participants who met the inclusion criteria were recruited until the sample size was achieved.

Sub-specialization among Nigerian ophthalmologists: status, disposition and barriers.

Purpose: To determine the status of sub-specialization among Nigerian ophthalmologists as well as their dispositions and barriers against sub-specialization with a view to providing valuable information for the purpose of human resources for eye care planning thereby providing useful insight into the future of ophthalmic practice in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a web-based, cross-sectional study conducted among ophthalmologists in Nigeria. An online questionnaire was distributed through e-mails using Qualtrics software (Qualtrics, Provo, UT, USA).

Case series of retinopathy of prematurity blindness in Nigeria: A wakeup call to policy makers, hospitals, ophthalmologists and paediatricians.

Background Statement: Inadequate retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening coverage portends a high risk for increasing the cases of ROP blindness. This study aims to report the clinical profile of pre-term babies who developed ROP blindness, highlight the usefulness in determining screening criteria and the role of private hospitals in ROP blindness prevention.

Case Series Report: Online Google form and telephone survey was conducted from May to December 2020 among paediatric ophthalmologists who provided the clinical details of ROP blind children seen between 2016 and 2020.

Is primary open-angle glaucoma a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy?

Purpose: To compare the prevalences of diabetic retinopathy in diabetes mellitus patients, with and without primary open-angle glaucoma, with a view to determine if glaucoma is a risk factor for the development of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Cross-sectional, comparative study consisting of 86 diabetic patients with glaucoma matched with 86 diabetic patients without glaucoma. The two groups were matched by age, sex and duration of diabetes mellitus.

Relationship between corneal sensitivity and diabetic retinopathy among diabetics attending a Nigerian Teaching Hospital.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between corneal sensitivity and diabetic retinopathy among diabetics attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, compared to their age-sex-matched non-diabetics, with a view to proposing its use as a screening tool for diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: The study was a hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study among diabetics aged 25-65 years and their age-sex-matched non-diabetics at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Interviewer-based questionnaire was administered.

Correlation between clinical and cytological parameters of dry eye among diabetics in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Purpose: To correlate the clinico-cytological features of dry eye among diabetic patients attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, comparative study among 104 diabetic and 104 age-/sex-matched non-diabetic participants. Demographics were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire.

Ocular manifestations of leukaemia: A teaching hospital experience.

Background: Knowledge of the ophthalmic manifestations of leukaemia is important not only because of the frequency with which changes are seen but because the eye often reflects the disease state of the illness, and once identified, prompt referral, early treatment can be instigated, blindness can be averted and a life may be saved. These manifestations are often overlooked because of the underestimation of the magnitude of the ocular sequelae which may be blinding.

Aim: This study aims to describe the ophthalmic findings in adult leukaemic patients at two teaching hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria.

Visual impairment and ocular morbidities among schoolchildren in Southwest, Nigeria.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of visual impairment and ocular morbidities among primary and secondary schoolchildren aged 5 years to
Materials And Methods: The study was a population-based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among schoolchildren aged 5 years to <16 years old attending primary and secondary schools in Ifo, Ifo Local Government Area of Ogun State. Multistage sampling technique was used for the study.

Pattern of childhood visual impairment and blindness among students in schools for the visually impaired in Lagos State: An update.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of childhood visual impairment and blindness (VI and BL) among students attending schools for the visually impaired in Lagos State, with a view to providing information on avoidable causes as well as emerging trends that would be useful to policy-makers for the planning and implementation of strategies for the control of avoidable childhood BL in Lagos State.

Subjects And Methods: The study was conducted among students enrolled in two schools for the visually impaired in Lagos State who developed VI/BL before the age of 16 years. Participants and their parents/guardians were interviewed to obtain medical history.

Prevalence and pattern of amblyopia among primary school pupils in Kosofe town, Lagos state, Nigeria.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of amblyopia in primary school pupils in Kosofe town of Lagos State with a view to providing baseline data that may facilitate the establishment of routine school eye screening programs in primary schools in Lagos State.

Materials And Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among pupils from public and private primary schools in Kosofe town. The pupils underwent visual acuity assessment with the HOTV charts, detailed ocular examinations and cycloplegic refractions.

Two cases of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's disease in sub-Saharan Africa.

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's (VKH) disease has been reported to be rare in sub-Saharan Africa. Two Nigerians with the disease are presented in this report. The first patient, a 32-year-old pregnant Nigerian woman presented with a 1-month history of bilateral blurring of vision, persistent headache, and alopecia.

Presbyopia and near spectacle correction coverage among public school teachers in Ifo Township, South-West Nigeria.

Background: Presbyopia is an age-related loss of lens accommodation resulting in difficulty in performing near task with attendant effect on the quality of life.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of presbyopia and presbyopic spectacle correction coverage among public school teachers in Ifo township, with a view to providing a baseline information that could be useful for advocacy and planning appropriate intervention.

Study Design: The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

Indications for destructive eye surgeries at a Nigerian tertiary eye care centre: A ten-year review.

Background: Destructive eye surgeries are terminal treatment modalities for some ophthalmic conditions with psychological, emotional and cosmetic implications, especially for the patients and their relatives.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and indications for destructive eye surgeries at an Eye Centre of a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital with a view to identifying the preventable indications for which appropriate preventive measures could be recommended.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study of all patients who underwent evisceration, enucleation or exenteration at the Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital from January 2003 to December 2012 was performed.

Nucleus drop during small incision cataract surgery: A report of four cases.

Small incision cataract surgery (SICS) offers the benefits of a phacoemulsification (phaco) surgery without the attendant high cost, but it is not without certain risk such as nucleus drop into the vitreous as seen in phaco. A retrospective study of SICS and associated factors leading to nucleus drop during surgery, challenges of management and the visual outcomes. Of 793 eye surgeries performed during the study 586 were SICSs.

Central corneal thickness changes following manual small incision cataract surgery.

Aim: To determine changes in post-cataract surgery central corneal thickness (CCT) at Lagos University Teaching Hospital by assessing the time it takes for the cornea to return to its preoperative thickness value.

Methods: This study is a prospective, hospital-based open within-patient controlled study with the unoperated eye controlling for the operated one.

Results: Two hundred patients with 400 eyes were analyzed, with bilateral mature cataract in 47.

The awareness, perceptions and experiences of primary open angle glaucoma patients in Lagos Nigeria.

The awareness, perceptions and experiences of Nigerian Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) patients were assessed using a hospital based cross-sectional study design. One hundred and twenty POAG patients attending a glaucoma clinic in Lagos Nigeria were recruited consecutively. They underwent face-to-face interviews with trained interviewers using a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview guide consisting of open-ended questions.

Glaucoma in southwest Nigeria: clinical presentation, family history and perceptions.

Knowledge of the presentation pattern of glaucoma helps in providing more understanding of the disease, leading to better control. The aim of this study was to determine the presentation pattern among newly diagnosed glaucoma patients in Lagos, Nigeria. This was a multicenter cross-sectional survey of newly diagnosed glaucoma patients, recruited over a four-week period.

Current practice of ophthalmic anesthesia in Nigeria.

Purpose: To assess the current techniques of ophthalmic anesthesia in Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: A cross sectional survey among Nigerian ophthalmology delegates attending the 36(th) Annual Scientific Congress of the Ophthalmology Society of Nigeria. Self administered and anonymous questionnaires were used and data were collected to include details of the institution, preferred local anesthesia techniques, the grade of doctor who administers the local anesthesia, complications, preferred facial block techniques (if given separately), and type of premedication (if used).

A comparison of the NEIVFQ25 and GQL-15 questionnaires in Nigerian glaucoma patients.

Aim: To compare two vision-specific quality of life (QOL) instruments - the disease-specific 15-item Glaucoma Quality of Life questionnaire (GQL-15) and the nonglaucoma-specific 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEIVFQ25).

Methods: The QOL of 132 glaucoma patients being managed in Lagos University Teaching Hospital and an equal number of controls matched for age and sex was assessed using two vision-specific instruments: GQL-15 and the NEIVFQ25. The categorization of the severity of glaucoma into mild, moderate, and severe disease was determined using the degree of visual field loss.

Surgical output and clinic burden of glaucoma in lagos, Nigeria.

Purpose: To estimate the outpatient clinic burden and surgical workload related to glaucoma in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: A multicentre study involving the 2 tertiary eye institutions, 7 secondary eye centers with eye care facilities, and the largest private eye hospital in Lagos state, Nigeria. Data on outpatient department (OPD) visits were collected over a 4-week period, using a specially designed tally sheet.

Quality of life of primary open angle glaucoma patients in lagos, Nigeria: clinical and sociodemographic correlates.

Purpose: To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients attending a tertiary eye institution in Lagos, Nigeria and identify clinical and sociodemographic factors affecting it.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study design was used to compare 132 patients with varying degrees of severity of glaucoma (cases) with age-matched and sex-matched controls with essentially normal eyes and no family history of glaucoma.

Results: POAG patients had reduced QOL as defined by the 2 instruments used: the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire25 (NEIVFQ25) and the 15-item Glaucoma Quality of life Questionnaire (GQL-15).