Publications by authors named "Adeniyi F Fagbamigbe"
Selecting the most informative positive and negative controls for self-controlled case series (SCCS): Rationale, approach, and lessons from studies investigating the safety of COVID-19 vaccines.
J Glob Health
August 2024
Aim: Several studies had investigated the importance and benefit of pelvic floor exercises (PFEs) to the pregnant women and their unborn babies, however, the concerns of antenatal women on the exercise have been sparsely investigated. This study examined the attitude and concerns of pregnant women towards engaging in PFEs in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Materials And Methods: This was cross-sectional study of pregnant women aged ≥15 years.
Article Synopsis
- * Using national Scottish data, the study finds that individuals with five or more conditions are significantly more likely to test negative for antibodies post-vaccination and have a much higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization or death.
- * There's a clear link showing that lower antibody levels after vaccination are associated with increased risks of severe outcomes, including hospitalization and death, indicating the importance of monitoring antibody levels in vaccinated individuals.
Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a biochemical thyroid disorder characterised by elevated levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) together with normal levels of thyroid hormones. Evidence on the benefits of treatment is limited, resulting in persistent controversies relating to its clinical management.
Aim: This study describes the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients identified as having subclinical hypothyroidism in Wales between 2000 and 2021, the annual cumulative incidence during this period and the testing and treatment patterns associated with this disorder.
Article Synopsis
- A study conducted in Scotland aimed to determine how common long COVID is among adults and to identify the risk factors linked to its development.
- Out of nearly 4.7 million participants, about 81,219 (1.7%) were found to have long COVID, with various methods yielding different case counts, primarily due to limited overlap among the identification methods.
- Factors associated with a higher likelihood of long COVID included being female, being between 38-67 years old, being overweight or obese, having pre-existing health conditions, being immunosuppressed, shielding from infection, or being hospitalized shortly after testing positive for COVID-19.
Objective: The QCovid 2 and 3 algorithms are risk prediction tools developed during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic that can be used to predict the risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality, taking vaccination status into account. In this study, we assess their performance in Scotland.
Methods: We used the Early Pandemic Evaluation and Enhanced Surveillance of COVID-19 national data platform consisting of individual-level data for the population of Scotland (5.
Background: Overweight and obese women face various reproductive and other health challenges, and in some cases, even mortality. Despite evidence of rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age, there is limited evidence regarding the predictors of these disparities. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with overweight and obesity and examine the contributors to rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Nigeria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is still limited understanding of how chronic conditions co-occur in patients with multimorbidity and what are the consequences for patients and the health care system. Most reported clusters of conditions have not considered the demographic characteristics of these patients during the clustering process. The study used data for all registered patients that were resident in Fife or Tayside, Scotland and aged 25 years or more on 1st January 2000 and who were followed up until 31st December 2018.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We compared the quality of ethnicity coding within the Public Health Scotland Ethnicity Look-up (PHS-EL) dataset, and other National Health Service datasets, with the 2011 Scottish Census.
Methods: Measures of quality included the level of missingness and misclassification. We examined the impact of misclassification using Cox proportional hazards to compare the risk of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) (hospitalization & death) by ethnic group.
Article Synopsis
- Child mortality and morbidity are critical global health issues, largely driven by infectious diseases and low vaccination rates; the study uses a Bayesian zero-inflated Poisson regression model to explore vaccine uptake among children aged 12-23 months in Nigeria.* -
- Data from nearly 20,000 children across four years (2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018) show an increase in full vaccination rates, from 6.5% to 23.3%, with significant regional disparities, highlighting marked differences between states (1.7% in Sokoto and 51.9% in Anambra).* -
- Factors influencing vaccine uptake include maternal age, education level, wealth status, and community
This review's main objective is to discuss how demographic and epidemiological transitions relate to the burden of adolescent healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The review explicitly discussed the burden of adolescent healthcare, the current African policies on adolescent healthcare, and gaps in the African policies compared with Europe and North America. We also examined how adolescent healthcare policies evolve and documented the recommended essential part of the policy for enhancing its sustainability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We noted that there remains some confusion in the health-science literature on reporting sample odds ratios as estimated rate ratios in case-control studies.
Methods: We recap historical literature that definitively answered the question of when sample odds ratios (ORs) from a case-control study are consistent estimators for population rate ratios. We use numerical examples to illustrate the magnitude of the disparity between sample ORs in a case-control study and population rate ratios when sufficient conditions for them to be equal are not satisfied.
Article Synopsis
- Multimorbidity (presence of multiple health conditions) is prevalent among pregnant women, with 16.8% experiencing it and 3.6% having complex multimorbidity (four or more conditions) in a study of over 27,000 pregnancies.
- The prevalence of multimorbidity increases with maternal age, ranging from 10.2% in younger women (15-19) to 21.4% in those aged 40-44.
- Pregnant women with multimorbidity have higher rates of preterm birth (PTB), at 11.6%, compared to 6.7% in those without, and 15.6% in those with complex multimorbidity.*
Article Synopsis
- Lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers pose significant global health challenges, making it essential to analyze their burden for effective health policies.
- The study utilized data from the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study to assess cancer incidence, mortality, and life years lost across 204 countries, linking these to socio-demographic factors.
- Findings revealed approximately 370,000 cases and 199,000 deaths for lip and oral cavity cancer, and 167,000 cases and 114,000 deaths for other pharyngeal cancers in 2019, with smoking being the leading risk factor for these cancers, especially in low and middle SDI regions.
Description of the design of a mixed-methods study to assess the burden and determinants of malaria transmission for tailoring of interventions (microstratification) in Ibadan and Kano metropolis.
Malar J
September 2023
Background: Rapid urbanization in Nigerian cities may lead to localized variations in malaria transmission, particularly with a higher burden in informal settlements and slums. However, there is a lack of available data to quantify the variations in transmission risk at the city level and inform the selection of appropriate interventions. To bridge this gap, field studies will be undertaken in Ibadan and Kano, two major Nigerian cities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- This study developed a core outcome set for future research on pregnant women with multimorbidity to tackle issues of inconsistent outcome reporting across studies.
- The development process involved a systematic literature search, focus groups, and Delphi surveys engaging diverse stakeholders, including affected women and healthcare professionals.
- The final core outcome set identified 11 key outcomes, including maternal death, severe morbidity, and baby survival rates, which should be consistently measured in related research.
There is disparity in fertility level across the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. Deeper uunderstanding about the drivers of fertility trends are necessary to prioritize zonal specific strategies for fertility reduction in Nigeria. Thus, this study examined the proximate determinants (PDs) of fertility and decomposed the change in its level across the six geo-political zones in Nigeria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study aims to estimate ethnic inequalities in risk for positive SARS-CoV-2 tests, COVID-19 hospitalisations and deaths over time in Scotland.
Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study where the 2011 Scottish Census was linked to health records. We included all individuals ≥ 16 years living in Scotland on 1 March 2020.
Background: Systemic corticosteroids have been widely used for treating patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Inhaled corticosteroids may have a protective effect for treating acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, little is known about the potential effect of intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) on COVID-19 outcomes and severity.
Objective: To assess the impact of prior long-term INCS exposure on COVID-19 mortality among patients with chronic respiratory disease and in the general population.
A multilevel Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo Poisson modelling of factors associated with components of antenatal care offered to pregnant women in Nigeria.
BMC Health Serv Res
July 2023
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates the quality and completeness of antenatal care (ANC) services received by pregnant women in Nigeria, focusing on the specific components offered rather than just the frequency of visits.
- Utilizing data from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey, it analyzed responses from 11,867 women about various ANC components, such as blood pressure checks, tetanus injections, and educational counseling.
- Findings indicate a low overall prevalence of receiving all recommended ANC components (5%), with significant variations by state and education level, highlighting inequalities in access to comprehensive care.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how diseases like psychosis, diabetes, and congestive heart failure coexist and develop over time, focusing on their impact on life expectancy in Wales from 2000 to 2019.
- - Researchers used a large set of health data from the Wales Multimorbidity e-Cohort, modeling disease trajectories and their effects on overall mortality while adjusting for factors like sex, age, and socio-economic status.
- - Findings reveal that the order in which these diseases are acquired significantly affects life expectancy, indicating a complex interplay of multimorbidity that warrants targeted public health strategies.
Objectives: The use of medications among pregnant women has been rising over the past few decades but the reporting of polypharmacy has been sporadic. The objective of this review is to identify literature reporting the prevalence of polypharmacy among pregnant women, the prevalence of multimorbidity in women taking multiple medications in pregnancy and associated effects on maternal and offspring outcomes.
Design: MEDLINE and Embase were searched from their inception to 14 September 2021 for interventional trials, observational studies and systematic reviews reporting on the prevalence of polypharmacy or the use of multiple medications in pregnancy were included.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers will analyze data from UK health records spanning from 2000 to 2019, examining various health outcomes during different stages: antenatal, peripartum, postnatal, and long-term mental health.
- * Ethical approval has been secured, and findings are set to be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at major conferences for wider dissemination.