Therapeutic potency of kaempferol against Naja haje venom induced neurotoxicity, inflammation, biological activities, and antioxidant system damage: a pre-clinical antivenom evaluation.

Naja haje envenoming manifests organ system disorders leading to severe fatalities due to the venom's toxins. The neutralizing capacity of kaempferol has been reported against some medically significant snake venoms with exception of N. haje venom (NhV).

The Phenotypic and Molecular Identification of Phyllospheric Bacteria Possessing Antimicrobial Activity from (Preuss) Stapf.

Background: Unlike plant phytochemicals, little has been done to explore the metabolites from phyllosphere bacterial flora, some of which enabled them to survive interspecific competition through amensalism. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of metabolites from Phyllospheric Bacteria (PB) isolated from (FE), against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. Phenotypic and molecular methods were used to identify the isolated phyllo-microbiota.

Complications and outcomes after three-column osteotomy: a 5-year follow-up.

Background: Three-column spinal osteotomies (3-CO) are powerful techniques used to correct spinal deformity. These surgeries are associated with an elevated risk of complications. While outcomes have been reported in the literature with 2 years follow-up, longer-term outcomes of three-column osteotomies remain understudied.

Poultry Gastrointestinal-derived Lactic Acid Bacteria (pGIT-d-LAB) Inhibit Multiple Antibiotics Resistance Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens.

Background: To develop a probiotic formulation for poultry feed, a few poultry gastrointestinal derived lactic acid bacteria (pGIT-d-LAB) were isolated from chicken intestinal specimens and experiment was performed to evaluate their efficacy as potential probiotic candidate.

Methods: A total of 6 strains of LAB: (), (), (), spp, () and () were isolated and cultured for collection of Cell Free Supernatant (CFS). CFS collected was tested against pathogenic bacterial isolated from chicken feces as well as prevalent fungal pathogens, utilizing agar-well diffusion techniques.

Laminectomy Adjacent to Instrumented Fusion Increases Adjacent Segment Disease.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Objective: To determine if performing a simultaneous laminectomy at an unfused level adjacent to an instrumented fusion increases the risk of adjacent segment disease (ASD).

Summary Of Background Data: Laminectomy adjacent to instrumented fusion has uncertain outcomes.

Determinants of Suboptimal Peak Inspiratory Flow Rates among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Southwest, Nigeria.

Background: Inhalational therapy is the cornerstone in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Patients' peak inspiratory flow impacts effective dry powder inhaler (DPI) delivery and management outcome.

Objective: This study assessed peak inspiratory flow rates (PIFR) and determined the factors associated with suboptimal inspiratory flow rates among COPD patients.

Acute Exacerbation of COPD: Clinical Perspectives and Literature Review.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) COPD is a significant cause of morbidity and the third leading cause of death worldwide. COPD is a chronic progressive disease which may be interspersed by periods of acute worsening of respiratory symptoms beyond normal day-to-day variations, called exacerbations, which substantially impact health status and has cumulative effects on lung function. Acute exacerbation of COPD negatively affects disease progression, facilitating decline in pulmonary function and resulting in impaired quality of life and increased mortality risk.

The relationship between asthma control and health-related quality of life in asthma and the role of atopy: a cross-sectional study of Nigerian adult asthmatics.

Introduction: the relationship between asthma control and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adult asthmatics is fairly established, but the unique contribution of atopy to this relationship has received less attention. The aim of this study was to quantify the contribution of atopy to this relationship.

Methods: in a cross-sectional study, we assessed HRQoL using mini-Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ).

Does Laterality Matter? The Effect of Unilateral v. Bilateral Sacroiliac Screw Fixation on Personal Hygiene.

Study Design: Retrospective comparative analysis of prospective cohort.

Objective: To determine whether sacroiliac (SI) screw fixation ipsilateral to hand dominance compared to bilateral fixation impacts personal hygiene (wiping) after toileting.

Methods: Inclusion criteria were adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients with long arthrodesis (≥T12-pelvis) who had undergone primary unilateral or bilateral SI fixation with a minimum of 2-years-follow-up.

OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA.

EDITORIAL.

The Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression among Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis at the Federal Medical Center, Owo, Nigeria.

Background: Co-morbid depression poses a challenge to the successful management of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). This study assessed the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among patients receiving treatment for TB in a tertiary health care facility in southwestern Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among all the pulmonary TB patients presenting in the initiating or continuous phase of treatment and they were consecutively recruited between January and December, 2017.

Impact of Sleep Quality on Asthma Control amongst Asthmatics at Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State.

Background: Poor sleep quality is reportedly common among asthmatic patients, however, there is little or no data among Nigerian asthmatics. The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of sleep quality to Asthma control OBJECTIVE-To determine the impact of sleep quality on asthma control amongst asthma patients at Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State. METHODS-This was a cross sectional study evaluating 100 clinically stable asthmatic patients at the outpatient department at Federal Medical Center, Owo.

Prenatal and early postnatal food restrictions cause changes in brain oxidative status and orexigenic/anorexigenic hormones in the offspring of rats: prevention by quercetin and kaempferol.

Brain oxidative signaling pathways have been identified as important targets for alleviating food deprivation-induced changes in metabolic gate-ways. Previous studies have shown that prenatal and early postnatal malnutrition alters leptin and ghrelin signaling via oxidative pathways. Thus, it has been hypothesized that agents with antioxidant properties might be beneficial for the mitigation of prenatal and early postnatal food scarcity-induced oxidative damage.

Consumption of Aqueous Leaf Extract During Lactation May Improve Metabolic Homeostasis in Young Adult Offspring.

Background And Objective: Medicinal plants constitute a fundamental component of the traditional healthcare system in rural communities throughout Africa and Gongronema latifolium (GL), is widely trusted in Nigeria to have strong nutritional and medicinal values. This study was done to determine the effect of maternal consumption of GL during lactation in young adult offspring.

Materials And Methods: Twenty four female albino Wistar rats were used for this study and were randomly assigned to four (4) groups.

A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants.

Despite the frightening mortality rate associated with COVID-19, there is no known approved drug to effectively combat the pandemic. COVID-19 clinical manifestations include fever, fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, and other complications. At present, there is no known effective treatment or vaccine that can mitigate/inhibit SARS-CoV-2.

General and tuberculosis-specific service readiness in two states in Nigeria.

Background: Tuberculosis is the world's deadliest infectious disease and a leading cause of death in Nigeria. The availability of a functional healthcare system is critical for effective TB service delivery and attainment of national and global targets. This study was designed to assess readiness for TB service delivery in Oyo and Anambra states of Nigeria.

Does Local Administration of Liposomal Bupivacaine Reduce Pain and Narcotic Consumption in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery?

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To determine if local administration of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) reduces postoperative pain scores and narcotic use in spinal deformity patients.

Methods: Adult patients undergoing elective spinal fusion (7 or more levels) for scoliosis or kyphosis were selected for inclusion.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Clinical Perspectives and Ongoing Challenges.

Background: Emerging infectious diseases pose a great hazard to public health and the global economy. A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged from Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Since then, it has spread globally causing a global health emergency of inconceivable magnitude, with significant morbidity and mortality.

Economic Cost of Asthma and Psychiatric Morbidity in Nigerian Patients with Asthma.

Background: Asthma is known to constitute a huge economic burden to its sufferers and their carers. There is a dearth of studies documenting this burden among asthmatics in Nigeria.

Objective: This study assessed the relationship between economic cost and psychiatric morbidity among stable Nigerian patients with asthma.

Cognitive Functions in Patients with Clinically Stable (Mild to Moderate) Asthma in South West Nigeria: Assessment using Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery.

Objective: Previous reports has shown that asthmatic patients with poor asthma control exhibited cognitive dysfunction. However, there is paucity of information on the cognitive functions of patients with clinically stable asthma particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Subjects, study setting, materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo, South West Nigeria from 2014-2016.

Knowledge and practice assessment, and self reported barriers to guideline based asthma management among doctors in Nigeria.

Background And Objective: Doctors' knowledge contributes to practice and quality of care rendered to patients. To assess the knowledge and practice assessment and self reported barriers to guideline-based management among doctors.

Subjects And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among doctors from various part of the country attending a continuing medical education (CME) program in Lagos, Nigeria.

Characterization and anti-salmonella activities of lactic acid bacteria isolated from cattle faeces.

Background: Non typhoidal salmonellosis is one of the neglected zoonoses in most African countries. The use of sub-therapeutic doses of antibiotics as animal growth promoter enhances the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria with food animal reservoirs and may also results in antibiotics residue in animal products. One promising alternative to antibiotics in animal feed is Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) as probiotics.

Knowledge of spacer device, peak flow meter and inhaler technique (MDIs) among health care providers: an evaluation of doctors and nurses.

Background: Metered dose inhalers are cornerstone in effective management of bronchial asthma when correctly used. Most studies hitherto have focused on assessing patient's knowledge of inhaler technique. We sought to assess the knowledge of inhaler technique, spacer device and peak flow meter among doctors and nurses in a tertiary healthcare institution in Nigeria.