Audit of the Acute Management of Renal Colic in District Hospitals Within a National Health Service Trust.

Introduction: Renal colic is a prevalent acute urological emergency caused by urinary stones and commonly manifests as severe loin pain. This audit assesses the management of acute renal colic at a National Health Service (NHS) Trust in the West Midlands, England, comparing practices against the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) guidelines.

Method: This retrospective audit reviewed 417 patients with suspected renal colic over a month.

Current Practices and Challenges in the Management of Complex Renal Stones in Africa: A Scoping Review.

This study reviews the challenges and management strategies for complex renal stones in Africa. Historically viewed as infection or struvite stones, recent studies highlight diverse compositions of staghorn stones. These complex stones pose significant risks, including recurrent urinary tract infections and renal impairment.

EGFR and HER2 expression in cervical cancer patients in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in developing countries, including Nigeria where it is the second most common female malignancy. Studies from elsewhere have demonstrated the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and advanced cervical cancer. However, we are not aware of such studies in Nigerian patients.

Audit of Emergency Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a District General Hospital.

Introduction  Acute gallstone diseases are common surgical emergencies, accounting for approximately one-third of emergency surgical admissions. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard choice of treatment for gallstone diseases and is currently one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in the United Kingdom. Majority of these procedures are carried out as elective cases.

An assessment of the effectiveness of an electronic wristband in improving routine immunization timeliness and reducing drop-out.

Background: To assess the effectiveness of a wristband for immunization alert (WIA) as a reminder device to caregivers to improve immunization timeliness and reduce drop-outs.

Methods: Eight health facilities, selected from two local government areas in Kano state, Northwestern Nigeria, were clustered in a two-arm study involving an intervention group and a control group. Only the caregivers (757) from the intervention group received WIA as an immunization reminder device.

Ureteric Calculus in a Left Complete Duplex System Masquerading as an Impacted Stone: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Ureteric calculi are common urological problems. However, the management of stone disease varies considerably with patient choice and anatomy. There are few reports about ureteral calculi in patients with unilateral complete duplex kidneys managed by ureteroscopy.

Addressing barriers to accessing family planning services using mobile technology intervention among internally displaced persons in Abuja, Nigeria.

Background: Inadequate access to sexual and reproductive health services is prevalent among women of reproductive age in internally displaced people's camps. To address this, we implemented a mobile technology intervention, known as the Linking Underserved Populations to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services, in the Wassa Internally Displaced People's camp, Abuja, Nigeria.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of the Linking Underserved Populations to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services Intervention in improving sexual and reproductive health services among women of reproductive age in Wassa Internally Displaced People's camp.

Fatigue as a complicating factor in the recovery of breast cancer survivors treated at an oncology clinic in South West Nigeria: a case-control study.

Purpose: Recovering cancer survivors hope to return to their premorbid lifestyle after treatment and be free from the disease. They are, however, faced with some psychosocial issues, including fatigue, which could negatively impact their quality of life. With increasing cancer awareness and improvement in treatment, it is expected that the number of cancer survivors will increase in Nigeria.

COVID-19 in Africa: An Explorative Cross-Sectional Analysis of Twenty-One African Countries From January to June 2020.

Introduction:  Africa has surprisingly recorded better gains in containing the coronavirus spread than countries with the better health indices, such as the USA and UK. The low rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and death in Africa represents a puzzle with different biological and social theories such as low COVID-19 testing capacity, substantial young population, few old people, favourable climate, genetic admixture, infectious disease antibodies, and sound community health care systems proposed. We aimed to understand the COVID-19 preventive measures in a group of twenty-one systematically selected African countries that may explain the low burden of COVID-19 in Africa.

Pre-Treatment Knowledge and Side-Effects Experienced during Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Chemotherapy is an important component of treatment for breast cancer as it improves tumour control, overall survival or disease-free survival but is associated with side effects that could affect patients' quality of life. Patients' understanding and expectation of these side effects can improve their coping abilities. Exploring these understanding and expectations before chemotherapy can reduce the burden of chemotherapy side effects and improve compliance to treatment by increasing their physical and psychological preparedness.

Implications of national tax policy on local pharmaceutical production in a southwestern state nigeria - qualitative research for the intersection of national pharmaceutical policy on health systems development.

Background: Universal access to quality and affordable medicines is one of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Access to essential medicines is defined as the availability of medicine at an affordable price in public and private health institutions including retail pharmacies in the proximity of less than an hour from the home of the population. The dependence on importation to meet the drug needs of an expanding population has implications on the growth of the local pharmaceutical industry, availability, and affordability of essential medicines in the country.

Cancer pain control in a Nigerian oncology clinic: treating the disease and not the patient.

Introduction: inadequate pain control negatively impacts the quality of life of patients with cancer while potentially affecting the outcome. Proper pain evaluation and management are therefore considered an important treatment goal. This study assessed the prevalence of pain, the prescribing patterns, and the efficacy of pain control measures in cancer patients at the Radiation Oncology Unit of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos.

Radiotherapy waiting time in Northern Nigeria: experience from a resource-limited setting.

Background: Access and availability of radiotherapy treatment is limited in most low- and middle-income countries, which leads to long waiting times and poor clinical outcomes. The aim of our study is to determine the magnitude of waiting times for radiotherapy in a resource-limited setting.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with the five most commonly treated cancers managed with radiotherapy between 2010 and 2014.

Financial Burden of Cancer on Patients Treated at a Tertiary Health Facility in South West Nigeria.

Background: Cancer is a growing health concern in the world. The financial burden of cancer affects not only cancer patients and their families, but also the society as a whole. In Nigeria there is a dearth of information about the financial burden of cancer on patients.

DESMOPLASTIC SMALL ROUND BLUE CELL TUMOUR OF THE ABDOMEN - A CASE REPORT.

Unlabelled: Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumour (DSRCT) is an uncommon malignant type of Small Round Blue Cell tumours with less than 200 cases reported in literature. Notorious for its aggressiveness, its commonest site of affectation is the abdomen, with a predilection for peritoneal cavity and prone to spread to multiple organs. We report a case of a 26-year old male undergraduate who presented with a 6-month history of progressive abdominal swelling associated with abdominal pain, weight loss, and change in bowel habits.

Social barriers to diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in patients presenting at a teaching hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Globally, breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in women, and stage at diagnosis is a key determinant of outcome. In low- to middle-income countries, including Nigeria, advanced stage diagnosis and delayed treatment represent a significant problem. That social barriers contribute to delay has been noted in previous research; however, few specific factors have been studied.

Pattern of morphine prescription by doctors in a Nigeria tertiary hospital.

Background: Morphine was reintroduced into Nigeria after a long period of absence due to technical problems relating to stock accounting. With this reintroduction, prescriber education was commenced in many centers including the University of Ibadan.

Aims And Objective: The aim of this study is to review the morphine prescription habits of the medical doctors practicing at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, and to assess the level of conformity with international guidelines.

Body fat distribution and breast cancer risk: findings from the Nigerian breast cancer study.

Purpose: The relationship between overall obesity and breast cancer risk has been well recognized, but the role of central obesity in breast cancer development is uncertain.

Methods: Between 1998 and 2009, 1,233 invasive breast cancer cases and 1,101 community controls were recruited into the Nigerian Breast Cancer Study at Ibadan, Nigeria. Logistic regressions were used to calculate multivariate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and other known risk factors for breast cancer.

High Dose Rate Brachytherapy in the Treatment of cervical cancer: preliminary experience with cobalt 60 Radionuclide source-A Prospective Study.

Unlabelled: Iridium-192 is widely used for high-dose rate brachytherapy. Co-60 source with similar geometric and dosimetric properties are now available. It has a longer half life but higher energy than Iridium-192.

Case-control study of body size and breast cancer risk in Nigerian women.

Previous studies have shown that weight is inversely associated with premenopausal breast cancer and positively associated with postmenopausal disease. Height has been shown to be positively correlated with breast cancer risk, but the association was not conclusive for premenopausal women. These previous studies were conducted primarily in Western countries, where height is not limited by nutritional status during childhood.