Raloxifene and n-Acetylcysteine Ameliorate TGF-Signalling in Fibroblasts from Patients with Recessive Dominant Epidermolysis Bullosa.

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a severe skin disease caused by mutation of the gene. RDEB is associated with high levels of TGF-β1, which is likely to be involved in the fibrosis that develops in this disease. Endoglin (CD105) is a type III coreceptor for TGF-β1 and its overexpression in fibroblasts deregulates physiological Smad/Alk1/Alk5 signalling, repressing the synthesis of TGF-β1 and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins.

Third canal in the mesial root of permanent mandibular first molars: review of the literature and presentation of 3 clinical reports and 2 in vitro studies.

Introduction: Systematic anatomical studies corroborate the anatomical complexity of the root canal system. Deviations from the norm such as multiple orifices, apical deltas, accessory canals and other variations are frequent.

Objectives: To present clinical reports of mandibular molars with three canals in the mesial root and two in vitro studies of the morphology of these canals, together with a review of the literature.

Is portal venous outflow better than systemic venous outflow in small bowel transplantation? Experimental study in syngeneic rats.

Background/purpose: Blood drainage of the graft into the recipient portal vein reestablishes the physiological venous outflow after small bowel transplantation (SBT). However, although this approach is likely beneficial for the host, it may be technically more demanding making portocaval venous drainage the preferred arrangement during human SBT. The aim of this study was to examine in a syngeneic model of SBT the possible benefits of portoportal anastomosis (PPA) vs portocaval anastomosis (PCA) in terms of body and organ weights and bacterial translocation.