Signaling through Syk or CARD9 Mediates Species-Specific Anti- Protection in Bone Marrow Chimeric Mice.

The spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and the downstream adaptor protein CARD9 are crucial signaling molecules in antimicrobial immunity. Candida parapsilosis is an emerging fungal pathogen with a high incidence in neonates, while Candida albicans is the most common agent of candidiasis. While signaling through Syk/CARD9 promotes protective host mechanisms in response to C.

Investigation of in the Virulence of Using a New Neonatal Mouse Model.

is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that poses a serious threat to low birth weight neonates, particularly at intensive care units. In premature infants, the distinct immune responses to infections are not well understood. Although several models exist to study systemic candidiasis, only a few are available to investigate dissemination in newborns.

Specific pathways mediating inflammasome activation by Candida parapsilosis.

Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis are human pathogens causing severe infections. The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in host defence against C.

Analysis of oral yeast microflora in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common form of oral cancer, in this study, the association between OSCC and oral yeast carriage was investigated.

Findings: 20 patients having OSCC as well as 40 healthy controls were tested for the presence of yeasts in the oral cavity. Fungal burdens were examined by colony forming unit determinations, while the different yeast genera in patient samples were identified by matrix-associated laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry.

Candida parapsilosis Secreted Lipase as an Important Virulence Factor.

The prevalence of Candida parapsilosis, an opportunistic human pathogenic fungal species, is increasing at an alarming rate in the hospital environment. Patients at risk for C. parapsilosis infection include those with immunosuppression, such as individuals with cancer, AIDS, and low birth weight premature neonates as well as patients that had undergone abdominal surgery.

Role of Protein Glycosylation in Candida parapsilosis Cell Wall Integrity and Host Interaction.

Candida parapsilosis is an important, emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen. Highly mannosylated fungal cell wall proteins are initial contact points with host immune systems. In Candida albicans, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase that plays a key role in the elaboration of the N-linked mannan outer chain.

Candida parapsilosis produces prostaglandins from exogenous arachidonic acid and OLE2 is not required for their synthesis.

Prostaglandins are C20 fatty acid metabolites with diverse biological functions. In mammalian cells, prostaglandins are produced from arachidonic acid (AA) via cyclooxygenases (COX1 and COX2). Although fungi do not possess cyclooxygenase homologues, several pathogenic species are able to produce prostaglandins from host-derived arachidonic acid.

Kinetic studies of Candida parapsilosis phagocytosis by macrophages and detection of intracellular survival mechanisms.

Even though the number of Candida infections due to non-albicans species like C. parapsilosis has been increasing, little is known about their pathomechanisms. Certain aspects of C.

Secreted Candida parapsilosis lipase modulates the immune response of primary human macrophages.

Candida parapsilosis is an important opportunistic pathogen with increasing prevalence. Extracellular lipases have been shown to play an important role in the virulence of pathogenic Candida species. However, studying the role of secreted lipase in C.

Transcriptome profile of the murine macrophage cell response to Candida parapsilosis.

Candida parapsilosis is a human fungal pathogen with increasing global significance. Understanding how macrophages respond to C. parapsilosis at the molecular level will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic paradigms.

The role of pancreatic ductal secretion in protection against acute pancreatitis in mice*.

Objectives: A common potentially fatal disease of the pancreas is acute pancreatitis, for which there is no treatment. Most studies of this disorder focus on the damage to acinar cells since they are assumed to be the primary target of multiple stressors affecting the pancreas. However, increasing evidence suggests that the ducts may also have a crucial role in induction of the disease.

Characterization of virulence properties in the C. parapsilosis sensu lato species.

The C. parapsilosis sensu lato group involves three closely related species, C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, C.

Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis induce different T-cell responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Candida parapsilosis is the third most frequent cause of candidemia. Despite its clinical importance, little is known about the human immunological response to C. parapsilosis.

A new beta-glucosidase gene from the zygomycete fungus Rhizomucor miehei.

In this study, a beta-glucosidase coding gene (bgl) of the zygomycete fungus Rhizomucor miehei has been cloned and characterized. The gene comprises a total of 2,826 bp including the coding sequence of a 717 amino acids length putative protein and 10 introns dispersed in the whole coding region. The putative N-and C-terminal catalytic domains (aa 68 to aa 274 and aa 358-601, respectively) were identified; the two domains are connected with a 84-amino-acids linker.

Changing views on the goal of reproductive genetic counselling in Hungary.

Over the last few decades, the goal of genetic counselling has been interpreted as giving value-neutral information about the genetic risk, the genetic disorder, and screening, diagnostic or treatment possibilities in order to promote the autonomous decision-making of counsellees. Recently, however, the theoretical possibility and the practical necessity of this non-directive approach have been questioned, and redefinition of the objective of genetic counselling is required. In our paper, we intend to contribute to this clarification process by critically examining the views of Hungarian genetic counsellors on the objective of genetic counselling, and by exploring the expectations of the counsellees.

Interpretation in reproductive genetic counseling: a methodological framework.

In case of genetic risk, parents are often faced with reproductive decisions affecting their life essentially, so it is advisable to pursue careful deliberation. For this reason, the genetic counselor is expected to help the counselee make well-informed and well-considered decisions, which requires the understanding of the patient as an individual. To reach emphatic understanding, physicians can use the results of the Gadamerian theory of interpretation that contains the idea -- as it has been summarized by V.

[Ethical aspects of disclosing information on prenatal screening for Down's syndrome].

Giving detailed information on prenatal screening for Down's syndrome is considered as paramount since this medical procedure intends to enhance the patient's self-governance in reproductive issues. Not only the respect for autonomy, but also the increased maternal anxiety and the reproductive decisions following the positive test result demand from the genetic professional to offer the test through genetic counselling. The counsellor's awareness about the expectations of pregnant women and the clarification of her own attitude concerning the screening can contribute to the effectiveness of counselling.