The feedback dilemma in medical education: insights from medical residents' perspectives.

Background: Feedback is a critical component of the learning process in a clinical setting. This study aims to explore medical residents' perspectives on feedback delivery and identify potential barriers to feedback-seeking in clinical training.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 180 medical residents across seventeen specialties.

Reconstructing feedback in graduate medical education: development of the REFLECT scale to measure feedback delivery in medical residency training.

Background: Feedback plays a pivotal role in graduate medical education, where medical residents are expected to acquire a wide range of practical and professional competencies. Assessing the feedback delivery status is a preliminary step for educators to enhance the quality of feedback provided. This study aims to develop an instrument to assess the various aspects of feedback delivery in medical residency training.

The apelin/APJ signaling system and cytoprotection: Role of its cross-talk with kappa opioid receptor.

Apelin, a regulatory peptide, is an endogenous ligand of the apelin receptor (APJ), which belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family. The peptide and its receptor are distributed in animal and human tissues, including the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, and studies indicate that apelin signaling could play a role in cytoprotection of cells where it is found. Apelin activity may be modulated by interactions of the APJ receptor with other receptors that result in heteromerization.