The role of oral steroids in the treatment of photodynamic therapy-associated exudative maculopathy, a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment of pachychoroid spectrum disease. PDT can cause a rare complication known as PDT-associated exudative maculopathy (PAEM). Treatments including intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications, local or systemic steroids, and observation have been attempted with variable success to address this complication.

Clinical Features Differentiating Benign From Malignant Conjunctival Tumors in Children.

Importance: Conjunctival tumors in children are usually benign and rarely malignant.

Objective: To evaluate clinical features of conjunctival tumors in children by comparing benign tumors with their malignant counterparts.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective case series reviewed 806 cases of conjunctival tumor in children (aged <21 years) who were evaluated at a tertiary referral center between November 1, 1975, and July 1, 2015.

Conjunctival Tumors in 5002 Cases. Comparative Analysis of Benign Versus Malignant Counterparts. The 2016 James D. Allen Lecture.

Purpose: To evaluate frequency of conjunctival tumors in all ages and compare benign vs malignant counterparts.

Design: Retrospective series.

Methods: setting: Tertiary referral center.

Retinoblastoma Control With Primary Intra-arterial Chemotherapy: Outcomes Before and During the Intravitreal Chemotherapy Era.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma as primary therapy before (Era I) and during (Era II) the intravitreal chemotherapy era.

Methods: In this retrospective interventional case series at a tertiary referral center, 66 eyes of 66 patients with untreated unilateral retinoblastoma were used. intraarterial chemotherapy into the ophthalmic artery under fluoroscopic guidance was performed using melphalan in every case, with additional topotecan as necessary.