Rarity of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in children born very preterm:Possible mechanism and implication for newborn screening.

Introduction: Screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia through the measurement of 17-hydroxyprogesterone on the neonatal blood spot aims to: a) prevent neonatal deaths; b) allow earlier identification and thereby decrease the severity of the initial salt-wasting episode; and c) shorten the time during which a severely virilized genetic female newborn may be assigned the male sex. It is now practiced in the majority of high-income countries, although the positive predictive value of the test is very low in infants born preterm, who seem to be infrequently affected. In almost all low- and middle-income countries, it has not yet been implemented.

Cortisol evaluation during the acute phase of traumatic brain injury-A prospective study.

Background: Biochemical diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency (AI) is difficult in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Aim: To assess the frequency and predictive factors of AI in victims of TBI from Algiers.

Methods: Between November 2009 and December 2013, TBI victims had a single 8-9 am serum cortisol measurement during the acute postinjury period (0-7 days).

Central Diabetes Insipidus in Infancy With or Without Hypothalamic Adipsic Hypernatremia Syndrome: Early Identification and Outcome.

Context: Neonatal central diabetes insipidus (CDI) with or without adipsia is a very rare complication of various complex hypothalamic disorders. It is associated with greater morbidity and a high risk of developing both hypernatremia and hyponatremia, due to the condition itself or secondary to treatment with vasopressin analogs or fluid administration. Its outcomes have yet to be evaluated.