Dacryocystitis in a Patent Nasolacrimal Drainage System: A Literature Review.

Introduction: Acute dacryocystitis is an acute infection and the lacrimal sac secondary to pathogenic microorganism growth within the stagnant fluid in the lacrimal sac secondary to nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Methods: A literature review was conducted on the PubMed database using the following search terms "dacryocystic retention" and "dacryocystitis" or "dacryolith" or "lacrimal duct" or "pseudo-dacryocystitis".

Results: The literature review suggests that dacryocystitis in a patent nasolacrimal drainage system can stem from diverse causes including the mechanical impaction by dacryoliths, viral infections and anatomical variations.

Triaging self-referred patients attending ophthalmic emergency room.

Objectives: To introduce an effective and safe ophthalmic triaging system to be used by non-ophthalmologists.  

Methods: A modified scoring triage system with more relevant clinical symptoms and signs from a previously published Rome Eye Scoring System for Urgency and Emergency (RESCUE) was evaluated over a 2-month period. The study was conducted following a prospective cohort design between March and September 2014 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Molecular and neurological characterizations of three Saudi families with lipoid proteinosis.

Background: Lipoid proteinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by cutaneous and mucosal lesions and hoarseness appearing in early childhood. It is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the ECM1 gene. The disease is largely uncharacterized in Arab population and the mutation(s) spectrum in the Arab population is largely unknown.