Putative biomarkers of hepatic dysfunction in critically ill sepsis patients.

Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among the various types of end-organ damage associated with sepsis, hepatic injury is linked to significantly higher mortality rates compared to dysfunction in other organ systems. This study aimed to investigate potential biomarkers of hepatic injury in sepsis patients through a multi-center, case-control approach.

AQbD integrated High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Method for Quantitative Estimation of Tavaborole in the presence of its degradants and the matrix of nanostructured lipid carriers.

Background: Tavaborole (TAV), a benzoxaborole derivative, is an FDA-approved antifungal agent for treating onychomycosis, a common and persistent fungal infection of the toenails.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a robust stability-indicating HPTLC method to determine TAV in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) using a comprehensive approach that includes risk assessment, and Analytical Quality by Design.

Methods: The critical method parameters influencing the HPTLC results were screened using a Placket-Burman screening design followed by its optimization using a central composite optimization design.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Examining the neuropathology of the oldest-old has significantly advanced our understanding of the multiple etiologies in very late life. Most studies have included exclusively White decedents with limited ethnoracial diversity. Our goal was to characterize neuropathology in a cohort of ethnically and racially diverse oldest-old decedents.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Tau aggregates, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies, spread throughout the brain, contributing to neurodegeneration. How this propagation occurs remains elusive. Previous research suggests that tau-seed interactors play a crucial role.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: BIN1, the second strongest GWAS risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), encodes a nucleocytoplasmic adaptor protein that plays many roles in multiple tissue and cell types. It is known that BIN1 can directly bind to tau in vitro, and neuronal BIN1 expression decreases in patients with AD. Accumulation of intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau is a hallmark pathogenic feature of AD and related tauopathies.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: While compelling evidence highlights the importance of myeloid cells in the etiology of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the relevance of immunometabolism still requires further exploration. Our analysis integrating AD genetics and myeloid cell genomics shows that lower levels of LACTB expression in myeloid cells is protective against AD, a finding supported by proteomics studies. As a mitochondrial active-site serine protein, LACTB has implications for mitochondrial morphology and bioenergetics.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Close to 80 to 90% of subjects with AD also present cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) a disease in which amyloid accumulation damages the vasculature an impairs blood flow. Since current AD therapies are targeting the disease focusing on amyloid, we are interested on determine how to decrease the accumulation of amyloid in the vasculature observed in CAA and our aim is to determine the impact of tau reduction in CAA pathogenesis.

Method: We crossed the Tg-FDD mice CAA model with Mapt mice to decrease tau levels and analyzed the disease pathogenesis in the different genotypes though behavioral tests, histological and morphometric assays and transcriptomic analysis using the nCounter neuroimmflamation panel from Nanostring.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Amyloid PET imaging is a promising biomarker to track the accumulation of parenchymal amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits in the brain. Recent large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) reported common risk factors associated with amyloidosis, suggesting that this endophenotype is driven by genetic variants. We hypothesized that genes with multiple variants with deleterious effect are associated with Aβ accumulation.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Tau aggregation is the major cause of several neurodegenerative tauopathies. Tau interaction with other proteins affects the formation of tau aggregates with seeding activity but less is known about its effects on tau-seed properties. Our previous study revealed that Bassoon (BSN), a presynaptic protein, interacts with tau-seed, exacerbating its toxicity in vivo.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Multispecialty Interprofessional Team (MINT) Memory Clinics manage dementia care in primary care, allowing for more efficient use of limited specialist resources. This study examined the characteristics of patients on their initial assessment in the MINT clinic and investigated the five-year trajectory of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Method: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 751 patients assessed within a MINT Memory Clinic between June 2006 and May 2019 to collect data on age, gender, diagnosis, and MoCA scores.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Previous literature has highlighted that excessive alcohol use (EAU) is directly linked with permanent neurological damage. Studies have also highlighted gradual improvements in heart rate variability (HRV) after cessation of alcohol use. Moreover, chronic alcohol consumption has also been correlated with reduced HRV and an increase in skin conductance (SC) among healthy adults, leading to a combined decline in cognitive performance.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Hispanic adults comprise 19% of the US population, yet <8% of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) research cohorts. Hispanic adults in the US are 1.5 times more likely to develop ADRDs compared to Non-Hispanics.

Curbside Consult Optimizing Statin Therapy in the Elderly: A Personalized Approach to Cardiovascular Disease Prevention.

Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) play a vital role in managing and preventing cardiovascular disease, particularly in elderly populations who face elevated risks for atherosclerosis and related conditions. This review delves into the mechanisms of statin action, emphasizing their impact on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, anti-inflammatory properties, and potential genetic factors influencing efficacy and drug tolerability. Consideration is given to statin intolerance and management strategies, drug interactions, and guidelines for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.

Hemodynamic Preservation Using Remimazolam in a Heart Failure Parturient Undergoing a Dilation and Curettage: A Case Report.

We report a case of a parturient with severe cardiac disease requiring elective termination of pregnancy. The patient underwent successfully monitored anesthesia care using remimazolam for dilation and curettage. The patient remained hemodynamically stable and appropriately sedated while achieving optimal procedural conditions.

Adsorption kinetics and solubilisation of ciprofloxacin in quaternary ammonium-based surface-active compounds: experimental and computational study.

The adsorption and aggregation of amphiphiles at different solvent interfaces are of great scientific and technological importance. In this study, interfacial tension measurements of surface-active compounds-ionic liquid 2-dodecyl-2,2dimethylethanolammonium bromide (12Cho.Br) and cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-were conducted both in the absence and presence of ciprofloxacin (CIP).

"Joint protection first": understanding physiotherapists' implementation of evidence-based interventions in osteoarthritis knee management-a qualitative study.

Purpose: To explore the factors that influence physiotherapists' adherence to evidence-recommended interventions in the management of knee osteoarthritis.

Materials And Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive design, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 physiotherapists across India. Participants were selected using purposive sampling to ensure diversity in experience and setting.

Ultrasound-guided embolization for renal artery pseudoaneurysm in solitary kidney.

Introduction: Renal artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare yet serious complication following percutaneous nephrolithotomy, especially in patients with solitary kidneys. Effective management is crucial to prevent further renal damage.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 41-year-old male with a solitary kidney who experienced gross hematuria and renal insufficiency 3 months after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Nectin-4 Expression in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study.

Background: The Nectin-4 directed antibody drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin (EV) has emerged as frontline systemic therapy in combination with immune checkpoint blockade for urothelial carcinoma (UC), capitalizing on the ubiquitous expression of this protein in UC. There is limited data available regarding expression of Nectin-4 by immunohistochemistry in prostate cancer, but this is of interest as a substantial number of UC patients likely to receive EV have concomitant prostate cancer.

Methods: Nectin-4 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays encompassing a cohort of 302 prostatic adenocarcinomas spanning Grade Groups 1-5.

Recent Advances in Enantiorecognition and Enantioseparation Techniques of Chiral Molecules in the Pharmaceutical Field.

Enantioseparation and enantiorecognition are crucial in the pharmaceutical analysis of chiral substances, impacting safety, efficacy, and regulatory compliance. Enantioseparation refers to the process of separating enantiomers from a mixture, typically achieved through chromatography techniques like HPLC and SFC. In contrast, enantiorecognition involves the identification of enantiomers based on their interaction with a chiral selector without the need for separation.

Frequency of Spondyloarthritis Symptoms Among U.S. Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Cross-sectional Multi-Center Study.

Objective: Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The application of screening tools to detect SpA in patients with IBD may lead to earlier recognition of SpA and affect treatment decisions.

Methods: A combination of two previously described SpA screening questionnaires, DETAIL and IBIS-Q, was administered to consecutive patients with IBD attending IBD specialty clinics in six U.