Human epidermal growth receptor polymorphisms (-rs11543848 and -rs1136201) exhibited significant association with breast cancer risk in Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Background And Aims: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. The genetic polymorphism in HER (-rs11543848 and -rs1136201) were found to be associated with breast cancer risk in different ethnicities worldwide with inconsistent results. The aim of this research study was to evaluate the association of -rs11543848 and -rs1136201 polymorphisms as a risk of breast cancer in Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Association of candidate genes (ALR2, RAGE, and VEGF) polymorphisms with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Aim: To evaluate the aldose reductase (ALR2, rs759853), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE, rs2070600), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, rs833061) association with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted on a total of 550 subjects consisting of 186 with diabetic retinopathy (DR) having type 2 diabetes, 180 had type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and 184 healthy controls (HC). All the samples were subjected to DNA isolation using salting-out method followed by SNP genotyping through Tetra-ARMS PCR.

Emergence of resistance against direct acting antivirals in chronic HCV patients: A real-world study.

Interferon/Ribavirin therapy has been replaced by Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) due to emergence of Resistance Associated Variants (RAVs) and decrease Sustain Virologic Response (SVR). Current study investigated treatment response of Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin in chronic HCV patients. Total 256 HCV patients with genotype 1a, 2 and 3a received sofosbuvir/ribavirin according to international standards.

Nutritional Assessment Focusing On Women And Children In Palas Valley-Kohistan.

Background: Proper nutrition and health are fundamental rights and nutrition is a cornerstone that affects and defines the health of all people, rich and poor. The study was done with the objectives to assess the people of Palas valley with regard to their nutritional status and dietary habits to devise ways and means to overcome primary and associated reasons for these problems.

Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study residents of Palas valley of district Kohistan were included in the study through multistage cluster sampling method.