Military Sexual Trauma and its Association with Mental Health Among Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Veterans in the United States.

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of military sexual trauma (MST) by sexual orientation, characteristics of sexual minority (SM) and heterosexual veterans who have experienced MST, and associations between sexual orientation and mental health symptoms among veterans who have experienced MST. Data were analyzed from a nationally representative web-based survey of 4069 U.S.

Racial and ethnic mental health disparities in U.S. Military Veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.

Despite military veterans having a higher prevalence of several common psychiatric disorders relative to non-veterans, scarce population-based research has examined racial/ethnic differences in these disorders. The aim of this study was to examine racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of psychiatric outcomes in a population-based sample of White, Black, and Hispanic military veterans, and to examine the role of intersectionality between sociodemographic variables and race/ethnicity in predicting these outcomes. Data were analyzed from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS), a contemporary, nationally representative survey of 4069 US veterans conducted in 2019-2020.

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by symptoms of re-experiencing, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and marked alterations in arousal and reactivity following exposure to a traumatic event. PTSD can be assessed by structured interviews and screening measures in psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. Evidence-based psychotherapies are the first-line treatment of PTSD, with cognitive behavioral therapies, such as prolonged exposure, cognitive processing therapy, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing having the largest body and highest quality of evidence.

Mental Health Burden in Enlisted and Commissioned U.S. Military Veterans: Importance of Indirect Trauma Exposure in Commissioned Veterans.

Objective: To: 1) identify sociodemographic and military differences between enlisted and commissioned U.S. military veterans; (2) examine sociodemographic, military, trauma, and mental health histories of enlisted and commissioned veterans; and (3) evaluate interactions between enlistment status and trauma exposures in relation to mental health.

Relationships between childhood adversity and life functioning in US college students: Risk and resilience.

We examined the relationships between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and measures of mental health, academic achievement, and consequences of alcohol use, and moderators of these associations. We hypothesized that most students with high (3+) ACEs scores would be resilient on at least one measure but that few would be resilient on all measures. Additionally, we expected that greater social support and coping self-efficacy would buffer the association between ACEs and outcomes.

Web-Based Perceived Present Control Intervention for Voice Disorders: A Pilot Study.

Objective: Voice disorders are common and negatively affect various life domains such as occupational functioning and emotional well-being. Perceived present control, a factor that is amenable to change, may reduce the effect of voice disorders on these outcomes. This pilot study aimed to (1) establish the feasibility, usability, and acceptability of a web-based perceived present control intervention for individuals with voice disorders and (2) gather preliminary data on the effectiveness of the intervention.

Outcomes related to adverse childhood experiences in college students: Comparing latent class analysis and cumulative risk.

The aims of this study were to identify latent classes of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in a large sample of college students (N = 8997), investigate the relations between ACEs classes and life functioning, and compare results using latent class analysis to analyses using cumulative risk scores. Nine types of ACEs were assessed (three types of child abuse and six types of household dysfunction). Outcomes were self-report measures of mental health, physical health, alcohol consequences, and academic performance.

Sexual victimization, childhood emotional abuse, and distress: Daily coping and perceived control as mediators.

The primary aim of the present study was to assess 2 potential mediators (daily avoidant coping and perceived control) of the relations between past sexual victimization and childhood emotional abuse and current distress. Participants (N = 268) were undergraduate students in psychology courses at a large Midwestern university who completed measures of sexual victimization, childhood emotional abuse, neuroticism, and distress at baseline; daily measures of avoidant coping and perceived control over stressors for 14 days (Time 2); and measures of avoidant coping, perceived control, and distress at Time 3. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the mediation model.