A Rare Case of Melioidosis in the Bronx.

Melioidosis is caused by a gram-negative bacillus , which is found in water and soil in endemic areas. There are indicators that  is increasing in endemic regions and expanding into new locations. It is unclear whether this is because of expanded boundaries or improved detection capabilities.

Acute Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome-HBV Flare in an HIV/HBV Coinfected Patient After Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a well-recognized complication after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among patients with HIV. Acute HBV flares after starting antiretroviral therapy have been reported in 20% to 25% of coinfected patients, among whom only 1% to 5% develop clinical hepatitis. Liver biopsy and serological evaluation help in diagnosis.

New-Onset Cervical Lymphadenopathy in a Patient Undergoing Treatment of Pulmonary Complex Infection: Toxoplasmosis Lymphadenitis.

Immunocompetent hosts with toxoplasmosis are usually asymptomatic. However, can present as an acute systemic infection. Symptomatic patients usually have a benign, self-limited course that typically lasts from a few weeks to months.

Effective Dosage of Oral Vancomycin in Treatment for Initial Episode of Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Oral vancomycin is a first line treatment for an initial episode of infection. However, the comparative efficacy of different dosing regimens is lacking evidence in the current literature. : We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.

A nasal hypertrophic lesion as a presentation of herpes simplex virus.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 & HSV-2) are one of the leading causes of ulcer and blister lesions worldwide. These infections are latent with recurrences but many people may have a seropositive antibody yet remain asymptomatic. Although HSV presenting with hypertrophic lesions have been reported in the literature at urogenital, lung, and conjunctival sites, we describe a case of a mass lesion in the nasal cavity of a 46 year-old female with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

A case report of purulent pericarditis caused by Candida albicans: Delayed complication forty-years after esophageal surgery.

Rationale: Candida pericarditis is a rare condition with high mortality. Risk factors include thoracic surgery and immunosuppression. We report a case of candida pericarditis which developed forty-years after esophageal reconstruction surgery.

Metabolic Syndrome After HIV Acquisition in South African Women.

Background: Noncommunicable diseases are common among chronically infected patients with HIV in the developed world, but little is known about these conditions in African cohorts. We assessed the epidemiology of metabolic syndrome among young South African women during the first 3 years after HIV acquisition.

Methods: A total of 160 women were followed prospectively in the CAPRISA 002 Acute Infection study.

Cigarette Smoking Behaviors and Beliefs in Persons Living With Hepatitis C.

Background And Rationale: Tobacco use is common among persons living with hepatitis C (PLHC), yet little is known about their smoking behaviors and beliefs. Modern hepatitis C treatment offers a unique opportunity to intensively engage this population about other health risks, including smoking.

Main Results: Seventy-seven tobacco users (40 hepatitis C virus [HCV] seropositive and 37 HCV seronegative) enrolled in an interview study in a New York City clinic.

Challenges of diagnosing acute HIV-1 subtype C infection in African women: performance of a clinical algorithm and the need for point-of-care nucleic-acid based testing.

Background: Prompt diagnosis of acute HIV infection (AHI) benefits the individual and provides opportunities for public health intervention. The aim of this study was to describe most common signs and symptoms of AHI, correlate these with early disease progression and develop a clinical algorithm to identify acute HIV cases in resource limited setting.

Methods: 245 South African women at high-risk of HIV-1 were assessed for AHI and received monthly HIV-1 antibody and RNA testing.