Genetic Variations in , , and Increase the Risk of Extreme Obesity.

Genetic variability significantly impacts metabolism, weight gain, and feeding behaviors, predisposing individuals to obesity. This study explored how variations in key genes related to obesity- (forkhead box O3), (protein kinase AMP-activated), and (proopiomelanocortin)-are associated with extreme obesity (EOB). We conducted a case-control study with 251 EOB patients and 212 healthy controls with a body mass index (BMI) of less than 25 kg/m.

Genetic association of the PERIOD3 (PER3) Clock gene with extreme obesity.

Background: Obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide, affecting life quality and span. Susceptibility to obesity is partly mediated by genetic differences. Indeed, several genes from the clock gene family have already been shown to be intimately associated with obesity in diverse ethnic groups.

Germline Mutations in Familial Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Thyroid cancer, predominantly of papillary histology (PTC), is a common cancer mostly diagnosed sporadically. Hereditary PTC is encountered in ~ 5% of cases and may present at an earlier age, with greater risks of metastasis and recurrence, compared with sporadic cases. The molecular basis of hereditary PTC is unknown in most cases.

The Effect of a Muscle Weight-Bearing and Aerobic Exercise Program on the Body Composition, Muscular Strength, Biochemical Markers, and Bone Mass of Obese Patients Who Have Undergone Gastric Bypass Surgery.

Background: The effect of an exercise program on the body composition, muscular strength (MS), biochemical markers, and bone mineral density (BMD) of individuals undergoing gastric bypass is unclear. We assessed lean mass (LM), MS, bone remodeling markers, and BMD before and after supervised weight-bearing and aerobic exercise training in obese patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Methods: This study included 37 obese patients (81.

Ability of body mass index to predict abnormal waist circumference: receiving operating characteristics analysis.

Background: Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) are the most used anthropometric measures to identify obesity. While BMI is considered to be a simple and accurate estimate of general adiposity, WC is an alternative surrogate measure of visceral obesity. However, WC is subject to significant inter-examiner variation.

The contribution of FTO and UCP-1 SNPs to extreme obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular risk in Brazilian individuals.

Background: Obesity has become a common human disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality and adverse effects on quality of life. Sequence variants in two candidate genes, FTO and UCP-1, have been reported to be overrepresented in obese Caucasian population. The association of these genes polymorphisms with the obesity phenotype in a multiethnic group such as the Brazilian population has not been previously reported.

[Analysis of factors associated with changes in the oral glucose tolerance test, regardless of the values of fasting glucose].

Objective: To identify factors associated with changes in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), regardless of fasting glucose (FG).

Subjects And Methods: 377 patients (53.8 ± 15.

[Benign hepatic cyst mimicking thyroid carcinoma metastasis].

Introduction: The follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) for detecting persistent or recurrent disease is based on iodine whole body scan (WBS), the evaluation of the tumor marker thyroglobulin (Tg), the anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-Tg) and neck ultrasonography (US). Well known false-positive causes of WBS include inflammatory processes, some non-thyroid tumors, kidney or even sebaceous cysts .

Methods: We reported a case of false-positive WBS, after therapeutic dose of (131I) NaI.

Turner syndrome: searching for better outcomes.

Objectives: To assess the results of growth hormone on the growth of girls with Turner Syndrome and identify relevant parameters to improve outcomes.

Methods: Growth velocity and final height were studied in a historical cohort of 41 girls, regularly followed up for hormone distribution at three referral centers. The influence of oxandrolone and of estrogens on the final height was analyzed.

[Subclinical Cushing's disease: presentation of three cases and critical review].

Unlike subclinical Cushing's disease, adrenal subclinical Cushing's syndrome is widely recognized. It is defined as an autonomous cortisol hyperproduction of mild intensity not causing specific clinical signs, but detectable biochemically as derangements of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. Although Cushing's disease accounts for the majority of hypercortisolism states, subclinical Cushing's disease has been rarely reported.

[Beriberi after bariatric surgery: not an unusual complication. Report of two cases and literature review].

The number of patients submitted to bariatric surgery to treat morbid obesity is increasing, therefore, some nutritional deficiencies, with which many physicians are no longer familiarized, are reappearing. Postoperatively, many nutritional disorders may occur, one of them is thiamine deficiency (beriberi). The thiamine and/or vitamin B12 deficiency can correspond to 40% of the neuropathy cases after bariatric surgery.