Plantar sensory stimulation and its impact on gait and lower limb motor function in individuals with stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Stroke frequently leads to motor impairments, with almost half of the affected individuals experiencing diminished sensation, impacting their overall quality of life and autonomy. Rehabilitation efforts, however, often overlook somatosensory functions of the lower limbs. While plantar sensory stimulation activates receptors in the foot sole, its precise impact on the motor functions and gait of individuals with stroke is yet to be ascertained.

Hausa translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and assessment of psychometric properties of the Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire.

Background: Self-efficacy has been defined as "people's beliefs about their capabilities to produce designated levels of performance that exercise influence over events that affect their lives." In stroke survivors, impairments in motor, sensory/perceptual, and cognitive functions greatly reduce self-efficacy.

Aim: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SSEQ) into Hausa language.