Effectiveness of selective NaV1.7 blocker PF-05089771 in reducing cough associated with allergic rhinitis in guinea pigs.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common cause of chronic cough, linked to dysregulated airway C- and Aδ-fibres through inflammatory mediators. Despite the limited efficacy of current antitussive therapies, recent studies show that the Na1.7 inhibitor can block cough in naïve guinea pigs.

L. fruit peels show anti-cancer effects in preclinical models of breast carcinoma: The perspectives in the chemoprevention and therapy modulation.

Introduction: Within oncology research, there is a high effort for new approaches to prevent and treat cancer as a life-threatening disease. Specific plant species that adapt to harsh conditions may possess unique properties that may be utilized in the management of cancer.

Hypothesis: Chokeberry fruit is rich in secondary metabolites with anti-cancer activities potentially useful in cancer prevention and treatment.

L. exerts oncostatic effects in rodent and models of breast carcinoma.

Based on extensive data from oncology research, the use of phytochemicals or plant-based nutraceuticals is considered an innovative tool for cancer management. This research aimed to analyze the oncostatic properties of L. using animal and models of breast carcinoma (BC).

Alzheimer's Disease-like Pathological Features in the Dorsal Hippocampus of Wild-Type Rats Subjected to Methionine-Diet-Evoked Mild Hyperhomocysteinaemia.

Multifactorial interactions, including nutritional state, likely participate in neurodegeneration's pathogenesis and evolution. Dysregulation in methionine (Met) metabolism could lead to the development of hyperhomocysteinaemia (hHcy), playing an important role in neuronal dysfunction, which could potentially lead to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathological features. This study combines proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H MRS) with immunohistochemical analysis to examine changes in the metabolic ratio and histomorphological alterations in the dorsal rat hippocampus (dentate gyrus-DG) subjected to a high Met diet.

Expression of fascin in association with p16 and Ki-67 in cervical lesions: immunohistochemical study.

Annual gynecological examination with cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination ensures the appropriate prevention of the onset and progression of cervical cancer. Currently, efforts are being made to find new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Fascin, an actin-bundling protein, promotes cellular migration.

Antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects of plant-derived compounds: a great utility potential for primary, secondary, and tertiary care in the framework of 3P medicine.

Thromboembolism is the third leading vascular disease, with a high annual incidence of 1 to 2 cases per 1000 individuals within the general population. The broader term venous thromboembolism generally refers to deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and/or a combination of both. Therefore, thromboembolism can affect both - the central and peripheral veins.

5-Fluorouracil Treatment of CT26 Colon Cancer Is Compromised by Combined Therapy with IMMODIN.

Due to the physiological complexity of the tumour, a single drug therapeutic strategy may not be sufficient for effective treatment. Emerging evidence suggests that combination strategies may be important to achieve more efficient tumour responses. Different immunomodulators are frequently tested to reverse the situation for the purpose of improving immune response and minimizing chemotherapy side effects.

Anti-breast cancer effects of phytochemicals: primary, secondary, and tertiary care.

Breast cancer incidence is actually the highest one among all cancers. Overall breast cancer management is associated with challenges considering risk assessment and predictive diagnostics, targeted prevention of metastatic disease, appropriate treatment options, and cost-effectiveness of approaches applied. Accumulated research evidence indicates promising anti-cancer effects of phytochemicals protecting cells against malignant transformation, inhibiting carcinogenesis and metastatic spread, supporting immune system and increasing effectiveness of conventional anti-cancer therapies, among others.

Protective Effects of Flavonoids Against Mitochondriopathies and Associated Pathologies: Focus on the Predictive Approach and Personalized Prevention.

Multi-factorial mitochondrial damage exhibits a "vicious circle" that leads to a progression of mitochondrial dysfunction and multi-organ adverse effects. Mitochondrial impairments (mitochondriopathies) are associated with severe pathologies including but not restricted to cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegeneration. However, the type and level of cascading pathologies are highly individual.

Methionine Diet Evoked Hyperhomocysteinemia Causes Hippocampal Alterations, Metabolomics Plasma Changes and Behavioral Pattern in Wild Type Rats.

L-methionine, an essential amino acid, plays a critical role in cell physiology. High intake and/or dysregulation in methionine (Met) metabolism results in accumulation of its intermediate(s) or breakdown products in plasma, including homocysteine (Hcy). High level of Hcy in plasma, hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy), is considered to be an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases, stroke and dementias.

Immunohistochemical expression and significance of SATB2 protein in colorectal cancer.

In this study we evaluated the expression of SATB2 protein in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its association with microsatellite instability (MSI) status, inflammation and hypoxia. Immunohistochemical SATB2 expression was observed in 111 CRC samples. We assessed the correlation between SATB2 expression and clinico-morphological parameters, MSI, COX-2 and HIF-1α expression.

Effects of Inhalation of STIM-Orai Antagonist SKF 96365 on Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Remodeling in Guinea Pigs.

Airway remodeling (AR) consists of wall thickening and hyperreactivity. STIM (stromal interaction molecule) and Orai protein pathways mediate extracellular Ca signals involved in AR. This study aims to define the effects on AR of the STIM-Orai antagonist SKF 96365 given by inhalation in three increasing doses in ovalbumin-induced AR.

Effect of fractionated whole-brain irradiation on brain and plasma in a rat model: Metabolic, volumetric and histopathological changes.

In the present study, we investigated the correlation between histopathological, metabolic, and volumetric changes in the brain and plasma under experimental conditions. Adult male Wistar rats received fractionated whole-brain irradiation (fWBI) with a total dose of 32 Gy delivered in 4 fractions (dose 8 Gy per fraction) once a week on the same day for 4 consecutive weeks. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H MRS) and imaging were used to detect metabolic and volumetric changes in the brain and plasma.

Early cardiac injury in acute respiratory distress syndrome: comparison of two experimental models.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by diffuse lung damage, inflammation, oedema formation, and surfactant dysfunction leading to hypoxemia. Severe ARDS can accelerate the injury of other organs, worsening the patient´s status. There is an evidence that the lung tissue injury affects the right heart function causing cor pulmonale.

L. (Sumac) Demonstrates Oncostatic Activity in the Therapeutic and Preventive Model of Breast Carcinoma.

Comprehensive scientific data provide evidence that isolated phytochemicals or whole plant foods may beneficially modify carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oncostatic activities of L. (sumac) using animal models (rat and mouse), and cell lines of breast carcinoma.

Implications of flavonoids as potential modulators of cancer neovascularity.

Purpose: The formation of new blood vessels from previous ones, angiogenesis, is critical in tissue repair, expansion or remodeling in physiological processes and in various pathologies including cancer. Despite that, the development of anti-angiogenic drugs has great potential as the treatment of cancer faces many problems such as development of the resistance to treatment or an improperly selected therapy approach. An evaluation of predictive markers in personalized medicine could significantly improve treatment outcomes in many patients.

The relationships between PD-L1 expression, CD8+ TILs and clinico-histomorphological parameters in malignant melanomas.

Introduction: Malignant melanomas (MM) are often connected with the expression of PD-L1 protein and the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), however, their impact on prognosis remains controversial. Due to their supposed clinical significance and lack of convincing data, we decided to establish the relationships between CD8 + TIL count, PD-L1 level and certain clinical and histopathological parameters in patients with malignant melanoma, especially those associated with unfavorable prognosis.

Materials And Methods: We performed immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 and CD8 on 56 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from patients with cutaneous and metastatic malignant melanomas.

Effect of Methionine Diet on Time-Related Metabolic and Histopathological Changes of Rat Hippocampus in the Model of Global Brain Ischemia.

Hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy) represents a strong risk factor for atherosclerosis-associated diseases, like stroke, dementia or Alzheimer's disease. A methionine (Met)-rich diet leads to an elevated level of homocysteine in plasma and might cause pathological alterations across the brain. The hippocampus is being constantly studied for its selective vulnerability linked with neurodegeneration.

Pathological changes in the central nervous system following exposure to ionizing radiation.

Experimental studies in animals provide relevant knowledge about pathogenesis of radiation-induced injury to the central nervous system. Radiation-induced injury can alter neuronal, glial cell population, brain vasculature and may lead to molecular, cellular and functional consequences. Regarding to its fundamental role in the formation of new memories, spatial navigation and adult neurogenesis, the majority of studies have focused on the hippocampus.

Effects of PDE3 Inhibitor Olprinone on the Respiratory Parameters, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in an Experimental Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

This study aimed to investigate whether a selective phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitor olprinone can positively influence the inflammation, apoptosis, and respiratory parameters in animals with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model induced by repetitive saline lung lavage. Adult rabbits were divided into 3 groups: ARDS without therapy (ARDS), ARDS treated with olprinone (1 mg/kg; ARDS/PDE3), and healthy ventilated controls (Control), and were oxygen-ventilated for the following 4 h. Dynamic lung-thorax compliance (Cdyn), mean airway pressure (MAP), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO), alveolar-arterial gradient (AAG), ratio between partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood to a fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO/FiO), oxygenation index (OI), and ventilation efficiency index (VEI) were evaluated every hour.

Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Efficacy of L. Bark in Experimental Breast Carcinoma: Mechanistic In Vivo and In Vitro Analyses.

Comprehensive oncology research suggests an important role of phytochemicals or whole plant foods in the modulation of signaling pathways associated with anticancer action. The goal of this study is to assess the anticancer activities of L. using rat, mouse, and cell line breast carcinoma models.

Permanent Pro-Tumorigenic Shift in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Induced by Breast Malignancy.

During cancer progression, breast tumor cells interact with adjacent adipose tissue, which has been shown to be engaged in cancer aggressiveness. However, the tumor-directed changes in adipose tissue-resident stromal cells affected by the tumor-stroma communication are still poorly understood. The acquired changes might remain in the tissue even after tumor removal and may contribute to tumor relapse.

Impaired histomorphology might provoke cell cycle regulators alteration in thymus of children with various congenital heart defects.

Thymus, as a primary site of appropriate adaptive immunity formation, is an essential organ in face of a self-tolerance as well as a potential menace from impairment of body integrity. Due to vital selection processes during differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, control over cell survival and programmed cell death must be orchestrated in detail. Indeed, thymus is highly sensitive to wide spectrum of stressors that initiate acute structural changes.

Effects of nitric oxide donor on the lung functions in a saline lavage-induced model of ARDS.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by acute hypoxemia, neutrophil-mediated inflammation, and lung edema formation. Whereas lung damage might be alleviated by nitric oxide (NO), goal of this study was to evaluate if intratracheal NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) can positively influence the lung functions in experimental model of ARDS. New Zealand rabbits with respiratory failure induced by saline lavage (30 ml/kg, 9+/-3 times) were divided into: ARDS group without therapy, ARDS group treated with SNAP (7 mg/kg i.