Sociodemographic Profile and Risk Factors for the Evolution of Patients with COVID-19 in ICUs in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This is a cross-sectional study, with secondary data from Brazilian hospitals in the state of Paraíba, between January 2021 and January 2022. The evolution of clinical cases configured the dependent variable (cure or death), while the predictive variables were sociodemographic data, risk factors, use of ventilatory support, and vaccination against COVID-19. With the help of R software, the following tests were used: chi-square, Pearson's chi-square, and Fisher's exact adherence.

Anti-RBD IgG antibodies from endemic coronaviruses do not protect against the acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 infection among exposed uninfected individuals.

Background: The Coronaviridae family comprises seven viruses known to infect humans, classified into alphacoronaviruses (HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63) and betacoronaviruses (HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1), which are considered endemic. Additionally, it includes SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome), MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome), and the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 induces severe respiratory complications, particularly in the elderly, immunocompromised individuals and those with underlying diseases.

HAS THE AGING OF BRAZILIANS IMPACTED THE OCCURRENCE OF OSTEO-CARTILAGINOUS NEOPLASMS?

Unlabelled: Cancer cases and survival have increased significantly in recent decades.

Objective: In this study, we sought to evidence whether bone, joint and cartilage neoplasms are increasing with the aging of the Brazilian population, using the analysis of the DATASUS and IBGE databases, between 1979 and 2020.

Methods: We compared the means and the proportion of death in Brazil, to observe the confidence interval overlaps, separated by region.

Toward Sustainable Li-S Battery Using Scalable Cathode and Safe Glyme-Based Electrolyte.

The search for safe electrolytes to promote the application of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries may be supported by the investigation of viscous glyme solvents. Hence, electrolytes using nonflammable tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether added by lowly viscous 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) are herein thoroughly investigated for sustainable Li-S cells. The electrolytes are characterized by low flammability, a thermal stability of ∼200 °C, ionic conductivity exceeding 10 S cm at 25 °C, a Li transference number of ∼0.

Changes in childhood stroke mortality from 1990 to 2019 in Brazil and its federative units.

This research analyzed the temporal trend of stroke mortality in children aged 0-14 years, from 1990 to 2019, in Brazil and its federative units. This ecological study used data from the Global Burden of Disease, a study led by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Stroke definition considered the International Classification of Diseases according to codes G45, G46, and I60-I69.

The oldest unvaccinated Covid-19 survivors in South America.

Background: Although older adults are at a high risk of severe or critical Covid-19, there are many cases of unvaccinated centenarians who had a silent infection or recovered from mild or moderate Covid-19. We studied three Brazilian supercentenarians, older than 110 years, who survived Covid-19 in 2020 before being vaccinated.

Results: Despite their advanced age, humoral immune response analysis showed that these individuals displayed robust levels of IgG and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2.

Age at menarche and its association with overweight including obesity and socio-economic conditions of Brazilian schoolgirls: A time-trend analysis.

This study aims to describe the time trend of age at menarche in Brazilian schoolgirls evaluated in 2007, 2012/2013 and 2018/2019, and to assess its association with having overweight, including obesity and socio-economic conditions. Three cross-sectional studies were carried out in 2007, 2012/2013 and 2018/2019 in schoolchildren enrolled between the second and ninth years of elementary school and comprising 838, 688 and 326 schoolgirls, respectively. Body mass index Z scores were calculated and categorised as either without overweight or with overweight (including obesity).

Analyzing households' food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of public policies to mitigate it: evidence from Ceará, Brazil.

Objective: To evaluate the association of conditional cash transfer policies to mitigate the food insecurity (FI) among families living in poverty during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ceará, Brazil.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out through telephone contact during the period of May-July 2021, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ceará. Families in a situation of high social and economic vulnerability participated in this study (monthly per capita income of less than US$16.

Time trends and projected obesity epidemic in Brazilian adults between 2006 and 2030.

We examined time trends and projected obesity epidemic in Brazilian adults between 2006 and 2030 by sex, race/skin color, educational attainment, and state capitals. Self-reported body weight and height of 730,309 adults (≥ 18 years) from the Vigitel study were collected by telephone interview between 2006 and 2019. A multinomial logistic regression model was used to predict the prevalence of body mass index (BMI) categories as a function of time by 2030.

Expression of DNA repair genes in association with ionizing radiation.

Background And Aim: DNA repair systems are functionally essential for the maintenance of life and among these, we can highlight the MutS system, subdivided into MutSα (hMSH2 and hMSH6) and MutSβ (hMSH2 and hMSH3). The objective of this study was to analyze the expression of hMSH2 and hMSH6 repair genes in radiology technicians exposed to low radiation doses.

Methods: Thirty workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation and twenty-five non-exposed were included in this study.

Economic burden of cancer attributable to overweight in the Brazilian Unified Health System.

Background: Alongside the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity in Brazil, there is expected to be increased direct healthcare costs of cancers. Herein, we estimated the economic costs of cancer attributable to overweight in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), according to sex, type of cancer and geographic location (Federative Units).

Methods: The population attributable fraction (PAF) of fifteen types of cancer were estimated using body mass index (BMI) data of 85,715 adults (≥ 20 years) involved in the 2019 National Health Survey and relative risks of cancers from a meta-analysis.

Quality of primary health care for quilombolas' Afro-descendant in Brazil: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of primary health care services through self-reports by caregivers of children and adolescents living in quilombola communities in Brazil.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in accordance with the STROBE (STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology). Exposure variables included sociodemographic characteristics; and outcome variable was the quality of primary health care offered to quilombola children and adolescents.

The economic burden of overweight and obesity in Brazil: perspectives for the Brazilian Unified Health System.

Objectives: Parallel to rising obesity prevalence in Brazil, there is expected to be increased direct health care costs related to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In this study, we estimated the economic burden of NCDs attributable to overweight and obesity in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).

Methods: We used self-reported body mass index of 85,715 adults from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey.

Physical inactivity level and lipid profile in traditional communities in the Legal Amazon: a cross-sectional study : Physical inactivity level in the Legal Amazon.

Background: The practice of regular physical activity can alter the lipid profile in populations according to diverse demographic characteristics.

Objective: To evaluate the association of physical inactivity with the lipid profile among vulnerable populations.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 349 vulnerable individuals from Tocantins state, northern Brazil.

Reduction on Proinflammatory Cytokines after Application of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) in Patients with a Breast Cancer: A Nonrandomized, Open, and Single-Arm Study Protocol with Paired Analysis.

Background: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been used as analgesic therapy in many diseases. It is already known that studies that have observed the relationship between pain and cytokines have found that patients who report less severe pain have less production of proinflammatory cytokines. However, one another accepted mechanism is that decreasing proinflammatory cytokines results in decreased pain intensity.

Stroke Hospital Admissions during the COVID-19 Outbreak in São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Globally, stroke remains an important cause of death and long-term disability, and the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on the health system may have impaired stroke care. Previous studies suggest significant reduction in hospital admissions for stroke after COVID-19 onset as patients may hesitate seeking medical help due to fear of exposure.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included cases of hospital admissions for stroke, identified from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde), which contains official and public data in Brazil.

Perinatal Mortality Analysis in Espírito Santo, Brazil, 2008 to 2017.

This is an ecological and time-series study using secondary data on perinatal mortality and its components from 2008 to 2017 in Espírito Santo, Brazil. The data were collected from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and Live Births Information System (SINASC) of the Unified Health System Informatics Department (DATASUS) in June 2019. The perinatal mortality rate (×1000 total births) was calculated.

Inequalities in Mortality and Access to Hospital Care for Cervical Cancer-An Ecological Study.

Cervical cancer is the second most common form of cancer in the world among women, and it is estimated to be the third most frequent cancer in Brazil, as well as the fourth leading cause of death from cancer. There is a difference in cervical cancer mortality rates among different administrative regions in Brazil along with an inadequate distribution of cancer centers in certain Brazilian regions. Herein, we analyze the trends in hospital admission and mortality rates for CC between 2000 and 2012.

Assessment of the median ages at sexual maturation stages of Brazilian schoolchildren according to overweight status and type of school over a 5-year period: 2007-2012/2013.

Objectives: A secular trend of earlier puberty has been observed in girls, and, although more uncertain in boys, is associated with an increasing trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. We aimed to compare the median ages of sexual maturation stages in schoolchildren from a city in southern Brazil over a 5-year period, according to weight status and type of school.

Methods: Two cross-sectional studies were performed in 2007 and 2012/2013, including 2215 and 1614 schoolchildren, respectively.

Dealing With High-Risk AL Amyloidosis Patients: A Single Hematologic Center Experience.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and the results of Bortezomib-based treatment of "high-risk" AL-amyloidosis patients in a hematology ward.

Methods: We report on 52 high-risk amyloidosis patients treated with first-line bortezomib-based chemotherapy.

Results: At day 30 from the beginning of the therapy, 23 patients (44%) achieved a hematological response (complete response plus very good partial response); 14 patients (27%) achieved a partial response; 15 patients (29%) were non-responders.

Brazilian National Policy of Comprehensive Women's Health Care and mortality during climacteric period: has anything changed?

Background: The National Policy for Integral Attention to Women's Health Care (PNAISM) was implemented in 2004, with monitoring of potential benefits. One of the life cycles of women contemplated in this health policy was the importance of health care during the climacteric. Prevention and health promotion are actions carried out by the Brazil National Health System and enshrined in health Brazilian policies for women.