Utilizing blood filter paper and ear punch samples for the detection of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 by RT-rtPCR.

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2), a virulent and contagious viral pathogen that affects wild and domestic lagomorph populations, was identified in Wyoming, USA in December 2020. A surveillance program was developed involving full-carcass submission and liver analysis, although carcass quality as a result of predation and decomposition impeded analysis. To increase the number of submissions and provide flexibility to field staff, we evaluated 2 sample types: 77 dried blood on filter paper samples, 66 ear punch samples.

Using whole-genome sequence data to examine the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from wild meso-mammals and environmental sources on swine farms, conservation areas, and the Grand River watershed in southern Ontario, Canada.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens the health of humans and animals and has repeatedly been detected in wild animal species across the world. This cross-sectional study integrates whole-genome sequence data from Escherichia coli isolates with demonstrated phenotypic resistance that originated from a previous longitudinal wildlife study in southern Ontario, as well as phenotypically resistant E. coli water isolates previously collected as part of a public health surveillance program.

Rural Raccoons () Not Likely to Be a Major Driver of Antimicrobial Resistant Human Cases in Southern Ontario, Canada: A One Health Epidemiological Assessment Using Whole-Genome Sequence Data.

Non-typhoidal infections represent a substantial burden of illness in humans, and the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among these infections is a growing concern. Using a combination of isolate short-read whole-genome sequence data from select human cases, raccoons, livestock and environmental sources, and an epidemiological framework, our objective was to determine if there was evidence for potential transmission of and associated antimicrobial resistance determinants between these different sources in the Grand River watershed in Ontario, Canada. Logistic regression models were used to assess the potential associations between source type and the presence of select resistance genes and plasmid incompatibility types.

Using whole-genome sequence data to examine the epidemiology of Salmonella, Escherichia coli and associated antimicrobial resistance in raccoons (Procyon lotor), swine manure pits, and soil samples on swine farms in southern Ontario, Canada.

To better understand the contribution of wildlife to the dissemination of Salmonella and antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella and Escherichia coli, we examined whole-genome sequence data from Salmonella and E. coli isolates collected from raccoons (Procyon lotor) and environmental sources on farms in southern Ontario. All Salmonella and phenotypically resistant E.

Benign colonic metaplasia at a previous stoma site in a patient without adenomatous polyposis.

There are few reported cases of cutaneous intestinal metaplasia or primary adenocarcinoma arising at the ileostomy site following panproctocolectomy. These complications have been seen almost exclusively in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, benign intraepidermal colonic mucosa at a reversed ileostomy site in a patient without familial adenomatous polyposis or IBD has not been documented.

Medical biofilms--nanotechnology approaches.

Biofilms are colonies of bacteria or fungi that adhere to a surface, protected by an extracellular polymer matrix composed of polysaccharides and extracellular DNA. They are highly complex and dynamic multicellular structures that resist traditional means of killing planktonic bacteria. Recent developments in nanotechnology provide novel approaches to preventing and dispersing biofilm infections, which are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.

p40 (ΔNp63) is more specific than p63 and cytokeratin 5 in identifying squamous cell carcinoma of bronchopulmonary origin: a review and comparative analysis.

The therapeutic options now available for pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) are very different. The increasing demand to make a diagnosis on minimal tissue, ancillary techniques such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) are need to be highly sensitive and specific. The IHC marker p40 (ΔNp63) is a truncated isoform of p63 that is a promising IHC marker for SQCC.

CDX-2 expression in malignant germ cell tumors of the testes, intratubular germ cell neoplasia, and normal seminiferous tubules.

CDX-2 is a caudal-type homeobox gene, encoding a transcription factor that plays an important role in proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells. The utility of antibodies to CDX2 in the identification of adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly colorectal adenocarcinomas, in both primary and metastatic settings is well established. It is well-known that patients with testicular tumors may occasionally lack an obvious palpable mass.

Fascin as an identifier of metastatic urothelial carcinoma: A retrospective study of fine-needle aspiration cell blocks and histologic tissue microarrays.

Fascin, a marker of invasiveness in urothelial carcinoma, has not been correlated with metastatic disease. To enhance diagnostic accuracy and correctly identify primary site for appropriate patient management, fascin may be a useful marker in metastatic urothelial carcinoma. In this study, we evaluated twenty five cases with adequate cell block material for immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in patients with either concurrent or previously resected urothelial carcinoma between 2005 and 2010.

Rete testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumor and/or intratubular germ cell neoplasia: what is the significance of this finding?

Pathologic stage and postsurgical treatment guidelines of malignant germ cell tumors, currently take into account angiolymphatic invasion, degree of extra testicular invasion, and serum tumor marker levels. The significance of rete testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumors or intratubular germ cell neoplasia however remains controversial. A search through the surgical pathology and expert consultation files at our institution from 2002 to 2009 was made for malignant germ cell tumors and intratubular germ cell neoplasia in orchiectomy specimens.

Acute cholecystitis caused by nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba.

A rare case of acute cholecystitis caused by serogroup O1 Vibrio cholerae in an 83-year-old man is presented. His risk factors for cholecystitis included advanced age and previous abdominal surgeries. The patient had consumed raw oysters several days before presentation.

Dysfunctional transforming growth factor-beta receptor II accelerates prostate tumorigenesis in the TRAMP mouse model.

The contribution of a dysfunctional transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor (TGF beta RII) to prostate cancer initiation and progression was investigated in an in vivo mouse model. Transgenic mice harboring the dominant-negative mutant TGF-beta type II receptor (DNTGF beta RII) in mouse epithelial cell were crossed with the TRAMP prostate cancer transgenic mouse to characterize the in vivo consequences of inactivated TGF-beta signaling on prostate tumor initiation and progression. Histopathologic diagnosis of prostate specimens from the TRAMP+/DNTGF beta RII double transgenic mice revealed the appearance of early malignant changes and subsequently highly aggressive prostate tumors at a younger age, compared with littermates TRAMP+/Wt TGF beta RII mice.

Vascular endothelial growth factor as a biomarker for the early detection of cancer using a whole cell-based biosensor.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a cytokine and endothelial cell (EC) mitogen that has been studied for its role in angiogenesis of malignant tumors. Elevated quantities of VEGF in the serum and plasma of patients have been correlated with the presence of cancer and metastasis. Since VEGF induces hyperpermeability of EC monolayers, this protein can be detected in vitro with a whole cell-based biosensor.