Publications by authors named "Adam Sundby"
Background: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) perfusate has been shown to potentially reflect lung injury; however, the relationship between cfDNA concentration with clinical EVLP lung outcomes has not been elucidated.
Methods: A discovery cohort of n=100 clinical EVLP cases and a validation cohort (n=50) were used in this single-center, retrospective cohort study. cfDNA was extracted and quantified from perfusate samples.
The diverse clinical outcomes of prostate cancer have led to the development of gene signature assays predicting disease progression. Improved prostate cancer progression biomarkers are needed as current RNA biomarker tests have varying success for intermediate prostate cancer. Interest grows in universal gene signatures for invasive carcinoma progression.
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- This study investigates Argonaute (AGO) proteins in nematodes, an organism with 19 functional AGOs, which play a key role in interacting with small RNAs to regulate gene expression.
- Researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 to tag each AGO for tracking its expression through development and to examine its small RNA interactions and the effects of losing specific AGOs.
- The findings reveal that AGOs group into distinct regulatory modules and highlight new stress-induced fertility and pathogen response issues linked to AGO loss.
RNA interference (RNAi) is a highly conserved gene regulatory phenomenon whereby Argonaute/small RNA (AGO/sRNA) complexes target transcripts by antisense complementarity to modulate gene expression. While initially appreciated as a cytoplasmic process, RNAi can also occur in the nucleus where AGO/sRNA complexes are recruited to nascent transcripts. Nuclear AGO/sRNA complexes recruit co-factors that regulate transcription by inhibiting RNA Polymerase II, modifying histones, compacting chromatin and, in some organisms, methylating DNA.
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- The Caenorhabditis elegans genome contains nineteen Argonaute proteins that utilize various small RNAs for regulating gene expression, with CSR-1 being the only essential one under lab conditions.
- The CSR-1 locus produces two protein isoforms (CSR-1a and CSR-1b), which differ by 163 amino acids, and have distinct expression patterns; CSR-1a is expressed in specific tissues like the intestine and during spermatogenesis, while CSR-1b is found in the germline.
- Research using CRISPR-Cas9 and small RNA sequencing reveals that CSR-1a is involved in tissue-specific functions, including regulating fertility and immune responses, indicating the necessity of studying both iso
Germ granules are non-membrane bound, phase-separated organelles, composed of RNAs and proteins. Germ granules are present only within the germ cells of animals, including model systems such as Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, mice, and zebrafish, where they play critical roles in specifying the germ lineage, the inheritance of epigenetic information, and post-transcriptional gene regulation. Across species, conserved germ granule proteins reflect these essential functions.
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