Tattoos, piercing, and sexual behaviors in young adults.

Introduction: Body piercing and tattooing are accepted by a growing number of teenagers and young adults as a way of self-expressing. Some authors suggest association between body piercings/tattoos and early sexual initiation, higher number of sexual partners, or risky sexual behaviors.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate sexual behaviors among young adults with body modifications (BMs)--tattoos and piercings.

[Sexual behaviors of pregnant women].

Pregnancy and childbirth are both the part of woman's sexual life. Changes occur in every trimester of pregnancy have significant influence on the sexual behaviours. The purpose of our monograph was the analysis of behaviours of pregnant women.

[Husband's presence at childbirth in light of obstetric psychoprophylaxis].

Contemporary obstetric psychoprophylaxis gives prospective parents wide opportunities to prepare to the pregnancy period and delivery. It is educationally-minded and points the importance to modify the life style, introduces exercises accompanied by the relative during the pregnancy and delivery. The survey portrays husband's--child father's role in obstetric psychoprophylaxis.

[Analysis of women nutritional status during pregnancy--a survey].

The proper diet is one of the most important factor during pregnancy. The general knowledge about proper nourishment during pregnancy allows the women to avoid quantitative and qualitative nourishment mistakes. Because of this--the salubrious education in this aspect is very important.

[Evaluation of medical instructions designed by hospitals for expectant mothers].

The proper prenatal care decreases the risk of morbidities and complications during the pregnancy. The high level of the gestational knowledge supplied to woman and her family, permits to recognize the signs of threats and immediately go to a specialist and get proper help. A women consciousness of the proper gestation hygiene simplifies to avoid the risk of fetal development disorders.

[Assessment of mass-scale primary prevention of nervous system defects].

Nervous system defects are one of the main reasons of neonate mortality in Poland. In reply to that fact a special program for prophylaxis of nervous system defects was established in 1998. It includes three activity fields for women at reproductive age.

[Selected aspects of diagnosis and treatment of transsexualism in Poland].

Transsexualism is a form of sexual identity disorder. In this disorder sexual identification psychological level is inadequate to biological level. One man out of 30000 and one woman out of 100000 ones is transsexual.

[Prevention of abortion].

At work the subject of abortion has been taken up. We took into account the history of this phenomenon, medical and legal aspects. We showed the reasons for abortion.

[Prevention of intrafamilial childhood sexual abuse].

At work we took up the matter of sexual harassment of children in the family. We presented the history of incest contacts, reasons, conditions causing incest, the perpetrator, his methods and kinds of his actions.We took into consideration description of victims, physical and psychological symptoms of sexual harassment and its effects.

[Prevention of premature birth in the population of pregnant women in Silesian region].

A great number of premature deliveries is one of the main problems in present-day perinatology. Although the ability of premature babies to survive has increased, they are vulnerable to many complications. Statistical data showed that the grade of premature deliveries and related complications in Silesian region is one of the highest in our country.

[Fetal pulmonary artery blood flow depending on fetal lung maturity].

The ultrasonographic assessment of fetal lung maturity by evaluating the elasticity of lung tissue, Dynamic Lung Score (DLS) has been being performed since 1986 in ObGyn Department in Tychy (Medical University of Silesia). The lung elasticity is evaluated on the cross sections of fetal thorax, on the level of heart ventricles. The result of the evaluation is given as the three degree scale, in which I degree indicates the lack of elasticity and fetal lung immaturity, II degrees indicates partially expressed elasticity, corresponding with incomplete maturity of lung tissue, and III degrees represents full elasticity and indicates complete maturity of fetal lungs.