A qualitative study exploring experiences of racial minority stress in pharmacy education and practice.

Background: Despite 49.1% of registered pharmacists in the UK being from a Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) background, senior management roles within pharmacy are dominated by white males. People from BAME communities may experience minority stress which contributes to a professional attainment gap compared with non-BAME colleagues.

A novel experiential work-based learning model in paediatric secondary care using entrustable professional activities to develop clinical knowledge and communication skills.

Background: Initial education and training standards for pharmacists in Great Britain require early clinical exposure to patients using experiential work-based learning. However, there is poor evidence of this approach in some settings, such as paediatric care. The aim of this study was therefore to explore a novel model of experiential work-based learning for student pharmacists in a paediatric setting.

"You don't get side effects from social prescribing"-A qualitative study exploring community pharmacists' attitudes to social prescribing.

Objectives: Social prescribing is an approach that enables the referral of patients to non-clinical support and places a focus on holistic care. This study explored views of community pharmacists regarding social prescribing in pharmacies.

Study Design: A qualitative phenomenological approach was used.

Exploring young people's attitudes to HIV prevention medication (PrEP) in England: a qualitative study.

Introduction: Young people aged 18-24 years old are a key demographic target for eliminating HIV transmission globally. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), a prevention medication, reduces HIV transmission. Despite good uptake by gay and bisexual men who have sex with men, hesitancy to use PrEP has been observed in other groups, such as young people and people from ethnic minority backgrounds.

Pharmacy Students' Lived Experiences With Atopic Dermatitis Inform Perceptions of Learning in the Curriculum.

Objective: To explore the impact of lived experiences of pharmacy students with atopic dermatitis (AD) on perceptions of learning in pharmacy curriculum.

Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted with pharmacy students in the United Kingdom to understand how their lived experiences affect their perception of AD in pharmacy curriculum. Semistructured interviews were conducted, and a thematic analysis method was followed.

Factors influencing pharmacists' roles in preventing prescription and over-the-counter opioid misuse: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Background: The prescribing rate of opioids is increasing and is a main contributor to opioid misuse. Community pharmacists can help reduce opioid misuse rates by carrying out prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) opioid misuse prevention services. Understanding the barriers and facilitators to community pharmacists' involvement has the potential to improve these services.

How cultural competence is conceptualised, developed and delivered in pharmacy education: a systematic review.

Background: It is important to have a pharmacy workforce that is culturally competent to recognise a patient's health beliefs to improve medication adherence and reduce poor treatment outcomes.

Aim: This systematic review aimed to identify, critically appraise and summarise how cultural competency is conceptualised, developed and embedded in pre-qualification pharmacy education.

Method: Medline, Scopus, PsychInfo, Web of Knowledge, CINAHL, and Embase databases were searched for relevant papers published in English between January 2012 and December 2021, following PRISMA guidelines.

The role of pharmacists in deprescribing benzodiazepines: A scoping review.

Background: Polypharmacy can increase the risk of adverse drug events, hospitalisation, and unnecessary healthcare costs. Evidence indicates that discontinuing certain medications, such as benzodiazepines, can improve health outcomes, by resolving adverse drug effects. This scoping review aims to explore the pharmacists' role in deprescribing benzodiazepines.

Practices and Perceptions of Community Pharmacists in the Management of Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis.

Understanding the contributions of community pharmacists as first-line health providers is important to the management of atopic dermatitis, though little is known about their contribution. A systematic review was carried out to examine practices and perceptions of the role of community pharmacists. A literature search was conducted in five different databases.

Intersectional Identities: Making Sense of Skill Development on Clinical Placements.

Objective: Little is known about the influence of personal experiences on learners' trajectories toward mastery. Newell's theory of constraints articulates the relationship between environmental, individual, and task-related factors for skill development. This study explores how undergraduate pharmacy students experience skill development on placements and what the barriers and facilitators are within Newell's framework.

KidzMed e-learning to upskill student pharmacists to teach pill swallowing to children.

Background: Appropriate medication use is essential in ensuring optimal pharmacotherapeutic outcomes. It is mistakenly assumed that adults can swallow solid oral dosage forms (SODFs, e.g.

A systematic review and thematic synthesis exploring the role of pharmacists in supporting better sleep health and managing sleep disorders.

Background: Sleep is an essential part of mental and physical well-being. Sleep disorders may lead to psychiatric and physical conditions that contribute to morbidity and mortality. They lead to severe health and economic consequences across high-, intermediate- and low-income countries.

Barriers and enablers to pharmacists' involvement in a novel immunisation programme.

Aim: Pharmacists are involved in immunisation programmes for a variety of diseases. However, some patient populations may be considered at high risk of complications from vaccination and are excluded from these programmes. The study aimed to explore pharmacists' roles in a vaccination programme to identify factors that influence their involvement.

A systematic review and thematic synthesis to identify factors that influence pharmacists' involvement in asthma care services: An identity crisis.

Background: Asthma is a common chronic disease worldwide affecting an estimated 300 million people. Pharmacists can play key roles to support optimal health outcomes for patients with asthma. Goffman's Dramaturgical Theory was used in this review to critically examine the literature describing the role of pharmacists in asthma services.

Exploring the role of pharmacy students using entrustable professional activities to complete medication histories and deliver patient counselling services in secondary care.

Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) allow tasks to be delegated to trainees. A new model of pharmacy placements was developed that used EPAs to appropriately supervise students providing patient counselling for inhalers, anticoagulation and simple analgesia at a tertiary care hospital. Students were provided with clinical communication training (e.

Spoken propositional idea density, a measure to help second language English speaking students: A multicentre cohort study.

Purpose: Idea density has been shown to influence comprehension time for text in various populations. This study aims to explore the influence of spoken idea density on attainment in young, healthy subjects using demographic characteristics.

Methods: Students watched two online lectures and answered 10 multiple choice questions on them.

The Smarter Sleep educational interventions: an initiative to reduce hypnotic prescribing in in-patient psychiatric care.

Aims And Method: In-patients on mental health wards are commonly prescribed hypnotics for the long-term management of disturbed sleep. Specific sleep disorders remain underdiagnosed and effective behavioural interventions are underused. We developed a suite of three educational interventions (a video, poster and handbook) about sleep, sleep disorders, the safe prescribing of hypnotics and use of psychological strategies (sleep hygiene and cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia, CBTi) using co-design and multiprofessional stakeholder involvement.

Beyond the numbers: Utilising existing textual data for qualitative research in pharmacy and health services research.

Introduction: Qualitative research is a well-established branch of scientific enquiry that draws insights from experiences.Within social and administrative pharmacy research, interview and focus group methods are a mainstay of collecting data. However, other disciplines such as sociology, psychology and anthropology, use existing data that is routinely to provide a substance for qualitative inquiry.

The development of undergraduate pharmacy students as reflective thinkers for the evolving field of pharmacy.

Objectives: Iterative reflective practice is recognised to support learners' formation of humanism and resilience, facilitating the healthy development of professional identity. In one undergraduate pharmacy programme, students experience a series of seminars to develop their understanding and skills in the practice of reflection and its articulation. In Stage (year) 4, students engage in a reflection conference where they present a reflective account of a 'Significant Learning Event' or their journey 'From Student to Professional'.

A qualitative study exploring the lived experience of medication use in different disease states: Linking experiences of disease symptoms to medication adherence.

What Is Known: Medication non-adherence leads to negative health outcomes. Medication adherence is predicted if patients understand the necessity of medication use to control disease symptoms and progression. It could be expected then, that patients with diseases with symptoms which are managed with medications, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder or gout, or diseases with high-mortality rates, such as cancer, would have higher adherence rates than asymptomatic diseases, such as hypertension.

Exploring an extended role for pharmacy assistants on inpatient wards in UK hospitals: using mixed methods to develop the role of medicines assistants.

Objectives: This project explored the deployment of pharmacy assistants to inpatient wards in a new role as 'medicines assistants' (MA).

Methods: Ward-based MAs were introduced to six wards across two UK hospitals to support medicines administration. Each 30-bed ward delivered acute inpatient services with MAs supporting typical nursing medication administration rounds to 15 patients.

Exploring Undergraduate Pharmacy Student Experiences of Learning Human Anatomy Using Cadaveric Specimens.

To gain insights into pharmacy students' experiences in learning human anatomy using qualitative interviews and thematic analysis. Participants included Master of Pharmacy students at the end of their first year or the beginning of their second year. The study used a transcendental phenomenological design.