Preparedness, resilience and unmet needs of informal caregivers of advanced cancer patients in a Regional Mission Hospital in Kenya: Qualitative Study.

Background: Cancer is the third highest cause of death in Kenya. Eighty percent of cancer cases arrive at advanced stages, when there is nothing that can be done to cure them, and palliative care is the best alternative. Although the majority of end-of-life care in Kenya is provided at home, little is known about the caregivers' preparedness, resilience and continued unmet needs.

Hot fomentation of newborn fontanelles as an indigenous practice in Ghana: implications for policy and integrated community-based health care in Covid-19 pandemic and beyond.

Objective: African newborns undergo numerous traditional and religious practices ranging from fontanelle fomentation to total head shaving, scalp molding, skin scarification and ano-genital irrigation which can negatively impact the health of neonates. Hot fomentation of fontanelles has been a predominant indigenous home-based postnatal practice in Ghana and among Africans in the diaspora. Mobility restrictions during the Covid-19 pandemic has impacted direct access to facility-based care as well as home care.

The Anticancer Potential of (Guava) Extracts.

The fruits, leaves, and bark of the guava () tree have traditionally been used to treat a myriad of ailments, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions. The various parts of the plant have been shown to exhibit medicinal properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Recent studies have shown that the bioactive phytochemicals of several parts of the plant exhibit anticancer activity.

A Study of Psychometric Instruments and Constructs of Work-Related Stress among Seafarers: A Qualitative Approach.

Due to unpredictable and demanding working circumstances and the significant potential for dangers and accidents, seafaring has been characterised as one of the world's riskiest and stressful vocations that lead to physical and mental health problems. However, very few instruments measure work-related stress, particularly in a seafaring context. None of the instruments are psychometrically sound.

Community Health Worker Use of Smart Devices for Health Promotion: Scoping Review.

Background: Community health workers (CHWs) have become essential to the promotion of healthy behaviors, yet their work is complicated by challenges both within and beyond their control. These challenges include resistance to the change of existing behaviors, disbelief of health messages, limited community health literacy, insufficient CHW communication skills and knowledge, lack of community interest and respect for CHWs, and CHWs' lack of adequate supplies. The rising penetration of "smart" technology (eg, smartphones and tablets) in low- and middle-income countries facilitates the use of portable electronic devices in the field.

Machine Learning-Enhanced Flexible Mechanical Sensing.

To realize a hyperconnected smart society with high productivity, advances in flexible sensing technology are highly needed. Nowadays, flexible sensing technology has witnessed improvements in both the hardware performances of sensor devices and the data processing capabilities of the device's software. Significant research efforts have been devoted to improving materials, sensing mechanism, and configurations of flexible sensing systems in a quest to fulfill the requirements of future technology.

Cancer referrals at African Inland Church Kijabe Hospital, Kiambu County (2014-2020) and the impact of COVID-19.

In Kenya, cancer is the third leading cause of death. The African Inland Church Kijabe Hospital (AICKH) is a level 4 missionary hospital. The hospital serves the Kenyan population in many areas, including cancer care, and some of these services were affected during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

IL-1/MyD88-Dependent G-CSF and IL-6 Secretion Mediates Postburn Anemia.

The anemia of critical illness (ACI) is a nearly universal pathophysiological consequence of burn injury and a primary reason burn patients require massive quantities of transfused blood. Inflammatory processes are expected to drive postburn ACI and prevent meaningful erythropoietic stimulation through iron or erythropoietin supplementation, but to this day no specific inflammatory pathways have been identified as a critical mechanism. In this study, we examined whether secretion of G-CSF and IL-6 mediates distinct features of postburn ACI and interrogated inflammatory mechanisms that could be responsible for their secretion.

A scoping review of the opioid epidemic among U.S. Immigrants: Implications for treatment practices.

The purpose of this review was to identify knowledge gaps within the literature regarding the impact of opioid use disorder, specific to immigrants in the United States, by addressing the following questions: 1) What is presented in the literature about the impact of opioid use disorder (OUD) and the opioid epidemic on immigrants in the United States?; and 2) What role does culture play in the opioid use disorder experiences of immigrants in the United States? Nineteen research articles were uncovered that addressed immigrants in the U.S. and opioid use disorder.

Evaluation of grit and its associated factors among undergraduate pharmacy students from 14 Asian and Middle Eastern countries amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Grit is proposed as an essential trait for academic achievement. Thus, evaluating its current status and the associated factors could aid academic support planning.

Objective: The present study aimed to assess grit level and its related factors among undergraduate pharmacy students from 14 countries amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

The restoration and erection of the world's first elevated obelisk.

Obelisks presented an important element in the architecture of ancient Egypt. This research is concerned with the re-erection of an obelisk that belongs to the famous Pharoah Ramses II. It was found broken and was transported to the Grand Egyptian Museum for restoration and display.

Toll-like receptor-3 contributes to the development of aortic valve stenosis.

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) development is driven by distinct molecular and cellular mechanisms which include inflammatory pathways. Toll-like-receptor-3 (TLR3) is a lysosomal pattern-recognition receptor that binds double-stranded RNA and promotes pro-inflammatory cellular responses. In recent years, TLR3 has emerged as a major regulator of vascular inflammation.

Addressing Unmet Surgical Needs in an Underserved Nigerian Community: Report of a 'Town and Gown' Initiative.

Background: Access to quality and timely care prevents unnecessary deaths and morbidity from potentially curable surgical diseases. This study describes the magnitude of unmet surgical needs in a Nigerian community and describes the experiences garnered during a surgical outreach organized by a tertiary institution in an underserved community.

Methods: This is a descriptive study highlighting details of a surgical outreach to a community in south-Western part of Nigeria.

Comparison of vessel fractional flow reserve with invasive resting full-cycle ratio in patients with intermediate coronary lesions.

Background: Vessel fractional flow reserve (vFFR) is a novel angiography-derived index for the assessment of myocardial ischemia without the need for pressure wires and hyperemic agents. vFFR has demonstrated very good diagnostic performance compared with the hyperemic index fractional flow reserve (FFR). The aim of this study was to compare vFFR to the non-hyperemic pressure ratio resting full-cycle ratio (RFR).

Impact of different guidewires on the implantation depth using the largest self-expandable TAVI device.

Background: The deployment process of the largest self-expandable device (STHV-34) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) might be challenging due to stabilization issues. Whether the use of different TAVI-guidewires impact the procedural success and outcome is not well-known. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the impact of non-Lunderquist (NLu) vs.

Assessment of Knowledge, Perception, Experience and Phobia toward Corticosteroids Use among the General Public in the Era of COVID-19: A Multinational Study.

Background: Corticosteroids play a significant role in managing the vast majority of inflammatory and immunologic conditions. To date, population-based studies on knowledge and attitudes concerning corticosteroids are scarce. This study aims to comprehensively assess knowledge, perception, experience and phobia toward corticosteroid use among the general population in the era of COVID-19.

The Targeted Maximum Likelihood estimation to estimate the causal effects of the previous tuberculosis treatment in Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Sudan.

Introduction: This study used Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (TMLE) as a double robust method to estimate the causal effect of previous tuberculosis treatment history on the occurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). TMLE is a method to estimate the marginal statistical parameters in case-control study design. The aim of this study was to estimate the causal effect of the previous tuberculosis treatment on the occurrence of MDR-TB using TMLE in Sudan.

Psychiatric presentations and admissions during the first wave of Covid-19 compared to 2019 in a psychiatric emergency department in Berlin, Germany: a retrospective chart review.

Background: Most studies agree that the Covid-19 pandemic and the subsequent lockdown had a negative impact on mental health. On the other hand, international studies have shown that psychiatric emergency departments (pED) experienced a decrease in presentations and admissions.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all pED presentations and admissions during the first wave of Covid-19 pandemic in Germany (Covid-19 period: 3/2/20 to 05/24/20) in a psychiatric hospital in Berlin compared to 1 year earlier (pre-Covid-19 period).

A complex presentation of an uncommon disease: Gas-forming pyogenic liver abscess complicated by septic pulmonary emboli and muscle abscesses, a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is the most common type of visceral abscess. Its variable clinical presentation depends on patient demography, underlying conditions, causative pathogens as well as the size of the abscess. Most cases are secondary to enteric pathogens that cause focal liver disease.

Hypertension Requiring Medication Use: a Silent Predictor of Poor Outcomes After Pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: Although hypertension requiring medication (HTNm) is a well-known cardiovascular comorbidity, its association with postoperative outcomes is understudied. This study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative HTNm is independently associated with specific complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Study Design: Adults undergoing elective pancreaticoduodenectomy were included from the 2014-2019 NSQIP-targeted pancreatectomy dataset.

Differential Diagnosis of Hyperferritinemia in Critically Ill Patients.

Background: Elevated serum ferritin is a common condition in critically ill patients. It is well known that hyperferritinemia constitutes a good biomarker for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in critically ill patients. However, further differential diagnoses of hyperferritinemia in adult critically ill patients remain poorly investigated.

Contemporary Trends in Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma: Incidence and Survival in the United States.

Background: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare disease with a historically poor prognosis. Given the emergence of effective therapies, a contemporary analysis of MPM incidence and survival is warranted. Methods: The SEER-18 registry dataset was analyzed (2000−2018).

Prognostic impact of resting full-cycle ratio and diastolic non-hyperemic pressure ratios in patients with deferred revascularization.

Background: Non-hyperemic pressure ratios (NHPRs) like resting full-cycle ratio (RFR), diastolic pressure ratio during entire diastole (dPR[entire]) and diastolic pressure ratio during wave-free period (dPR[WFP]) are increasingly used to guide revascularization. The effect of NHPRs on mid-term prognosis has not been well established.

Objective: We investigated the prognostic implications of NHRPs in patients whose revascularization was deferred based on fractional flow reserve (FFR) in a single-centre population.