Publications by authors named "Adam M Carroll"
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated how well a machine learning model can predict serious complications (like stroke or death) in patients undergoing hemiarch surgery, using data from 602 patients treated between 2009 and 2022.
- The researchers created models using various patient demographics and surgical details, achieving an impressive accuracy rate of 88% in identifying those at risk for life-altering events.
- The findings suggest that this machine learning approach could enhance risk assessment for patients and aid doctors in making better clinical decisions.
Spinal cord protection for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: from bench to bedside.
Ann Cardiothorac Surg
September 2023
This keynote lecture and corresponding presentation discuss the anatomy and pathophysiology surrounding spinal cord injury in aortic surgery. This article will discuss risk factors and mechanisms for spinal cord injury, including loss of direct and collateral spinal cord perfusion and ischemia-reperfusion injury. This review will examine these elements in both the laboratory and clinical setting, in addition to other neuroprotective strategies applied in clinical practice.
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- The goal of acute Type A aortic dissection repair is to safely complete the operation, but the frozen elephant trunk (FET) method is showing worse outcomes, possibly due to patient factors rather than the technique itself.
- A study was conducted from 2015 to 2021, analyzing two groups of patients undergoing FET based on the severity of malperfusion, examining their preoperative and postoperative data.
- Findings indicated that those with clinical malperfusion faced higher mortalities and complications, while FET does not seem to increase risks if clinical malperfusion is absent, suggesting more aggressive replacements could be beneficial for at-risk patients.
Lung transplantation survival estimates are traditionally reported as fixed 1-, 5-, and 10-year mortality rates. Alternatively, this study aims to demonstrate how conditional survival models can provide useful prognostic information tailored to the time a recipient has already survived from the date of transplantation. Recipient data was obtained from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network database.
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- The study aimed to compare the effects of using instructions for use (IFU) versus nonIFU when treating common iliac artery aneurysms (CIAA) with the Gore Excluder iliac branch endoprosthesis (IBE).
- A retrospective analysis looked at data from 51 CIAA cases across two medical centers, analyzing both perioperative and intermediate outcomes over a period from September 2016 to May 2020.
- Results indicated no significant differences in major adverse events or effectiveness at one year between the IFU and nonIFU groups, although the nonIFU group had longer procedure times and more patients with previous aortic repairs.
Article Synopsis
- Lung transplantation is the primary treatment for end-stage respiratory failure, and this study compared the survival rates of transplant recipients to the general population using a nested case-control design.* -
- The study analyzed data from 14,977 lung transplant patients and matched them with 74,885 control subjects, finding a 10-year survival rate of only 28% for transplant recipients and notably higher mortality rates, especially among females and Hispanic individuals.* -
- Despite lung transplant recipients having over five times the mortality risk compared to the general population, the study shows that long-term mortality rates have been gradually improving since the 1990s.*
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the potential increase in organ donations from donors after circulatory death (DCD), particularly focusing on heart transplants, as DCD heart usage has lagged behind other organs.
- Researchers analyzed data from 12,813 DCD donors between 2015 and 2020 and found that 3,528 met the criteria for heart donation, resulting in only 70 hearts being transplanted.
- If DCD heart donation becomes widely accepted, it could add approximately 580 additional heart transplants yearly in the U.S., representing the largest growth in the donor pool in recent heart transplantation history.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has uniquely affected the United States. We hypothesize that transplantation would be uniquely affected.
Methods: In this population-based cohort study, adult transplantation data were examined as time series data.
Article Synopsis
- Social workers play a key role in helping patients navigate complex medical decisions, particularly regarding aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis.
- The study involved 17 qualitative interviews to understand patients' experiences and highlighted that fear was a common emotion faced by patients considering AVR.
- Two decision-making approaches were identified: an "active" quest for information versus a "passive" preference for straightforward choices, with some patients feeling isolated due to their unique medical situations.
Purpose Of Review: This review summarizes the most recent randomized clinical trials that studied the role of device-mediated patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure in patients after an ischemic stroke presumed to have been caused by a paradoxical embolism.
Recent Findings: Three major randomized trials published in 2017 studied the strategy of using PFO closure for secondary prevention in patients between the ages of 18 and 60 who presented with an index stroke having characteristics of an embolic mechanism. All patients had a PFO that potentially could have enabled paradoxical embolism and other causes of stroke were excluded by a thorough neurologic and cardiac evaluation.
Auditory evoked steady-state responses are increasingly being used as a marker of brain function and dysfunction in various neuropsychiatric disorders, but research investigating the test-retest reliability of this response is lacking. The purpose of this study was to assess the consistency of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) across sessions. Furthermore, the current study aimed to investigate how the reliability of the ASSR is impacted by stimulus parameters and analysis method employed.
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