Tuberculosis in otherwise healthy adults with inherited TNF deficiency.

Severe defects in human IFNγ immunity predispose individuals to both Bacillus Calmette-Guérin disease and tuberculosis, whereas milder defects predispose only to tuberculosis. Here we report two adults with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis who are homozygous for a private loss-of-function TNF variant. Neither has any other clinical phenotype and both mount normal clinical and biological inflammatory responses.

WNK1 enforces macrophage lineage fidelity.

Unlabelled: The appropriate development of macrophages, the body's professional phagocyte, is essential for organismal development, especially in mammals. This dependence is exemplified by the observation that loss-of-function mutations in colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) results in multiple tissue abnormalities owing to an absence of macrophages. Despite this importance, little is known about the molecular and cell biological regulation of macrophage development.