Role of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Genitourinary Malignancies.

Genitourinary (GU) malignancies are common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In patients with localized GU cancers, surgical resection or definitive radiation remain the mainstays of treatment. Despite definitive treatment, many patients with high-risk localized disease experience recurrence.

Perioperative systemic therapy in high-risk renal cell carcinoma following nephrectomy: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: For patients with resectable renal cell carcinoma (RCC), extirpative surgery with curative intent remains the standard of care. Despite surgical resection, most patients with high-risk features experience disease recurrence. The role of perioperative systemic therapy in the management of these patients' disease remains unclear.

Melatonin Supplementation for Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients With Early Stage Breast Cancer Receiving Radiotherapy: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Fatigue is common in patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) and can significantly impact quality of life. Melatonin, a safe inexpensive natural supplement, may improve symptoms and attenuate the side effects of RT. The purpose of this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase III trial was to assess the effects of melatonin for preventing fatigue and other symptoms in patients with breast cancer undergoing RT.

Salvage lenvatinib/everolimus combination therapy after immune checkpoint inhibitor and VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Background: The optimal treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients who have progressed after both immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) remains uncertain. Lenvatinib and everolimus (LE) are frequently used in combination as salvage therapy because of their different antitumor mechanisms, but efficacy and toxicity data in this setting are lacking.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts from two academic centers for 71 adult mRCC patients who received LE after prior ICI and TKI exposure.

Recent Advances in Immunotherapy for Patients with Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most common non-melanoma skin cancer. A majority of patients present with localized disease, but some can present with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Most of these advanced cases occur in the anatomical head and neck region and are associated with more aggressive disease, necessitating prompt and effective treatment.

Transient left ventricular dysfunction following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell-mediated encephalopathy: A form of stress cardiomyopathy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy represents a new strategy in treating lymphoid malignancies, such as relapsed-refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Several toxicities including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and cardiovascular toxicity have been linked to CAR T-cell therapy. Transient impairment in left ventricular systolic function is described after CAR-T, however, the mechanism remains poorly understood.

Systemic Relapse in a Young Adult Patient with Primary CNS Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNS-DLBCL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, characterized by an aggressive disease course. While CNS relapse is common, systemic relapse is rare with no consensus on optimal treatment. This paper presents an unusual case of advanced PCNS-DLBCL with systemic relapse, including adrenal gland involvement.

Managing Nutrition Impact Symptoms in Cancer Cachexia: A Case Series and Mini Review.

Malnutrition is common in cancer patients and can occur throughout a patient's disease course. The contributors to the clinical syndrome of cancer cachexia are often multifactorial, and produced by the cancer and associated pro-inflammatory response. Since cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome, a multimodal therapeutic approach is ideal.

Recombinant activated factor VII in a patient with intracranial hemorrhage and severe thrombocytopenia.

Hemorrhage in patients with hematologic malignancies is often difficult to manage as many of these patients also have coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia of varying severity. Recombinant factor VIIa is a FDA-approved agent for management of bleeding in hemophilia patients with inhibitors. Use of recombinant FVIIa has also been used as a last resort in various clinical settings such as trauma, alveolar hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, and intracranial hemorrhage for control of bleeding with variable outcomes.

Severe immune thrombocytopenia induced by a single dose of nivolumab in a patient with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Nivolumab-induced immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare process with few reported cases. We present a 67-year-old man with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who was hospitalized with severe thrombocytopenia. Physical exam was notable for petechiae across his chest and extremities as well as bullae in his oral cavity.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the uterus: Excellent clinical response following a multimodal treatment approach.

We present a case report of a patient with uterine primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). The patient underwent surgical management followed by pelvic radiation and intravaginal brachytherapy. Following a stable interval, the patient was found to have new onset spinal, pulmonary, and adrenal metastatic disease.