Multi-qubit gates and Schrödinger cat states in an optical clock.

Many-particle entanglement is a key resource for achieving the fundamental precision limits of a quantum sensor. Optical atomic clocks, the current state of the art in frequency precision, are a rapidly emerging area of focus for entanglement-enhanced metrology. Augmenting tweezer-based clocks featuring microscopic control and detection with the high-fidelity entangling gates developed for atom-array information processing offers a promising route towards making use of highly entangled quantum states for improved optical clocks.

Facial nerve palsy after ethylene vinyl alcohol arterial embolization of glomus tympanicum.

Background & Objective: Glomus tympanicum and jugulare tumors are highly vascular and are therefore commonly embolized before surgical resection to prevent intra-operative bleeding. We report a case of facial nerve paralysis after pre-operative embolization for a glomus tympanicum tumor with ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH also known as Onyx) embolic agent. We discuss the choice of embolic agent in relation to the risk of this complication and potential management strategies.

An atomic boson sampler.

A boson sampler implements a restricted model of quantum computing. It is defined by the ability to sample from the distribution resulting from the interference of identical bosons propagating according to programmable, non-interacting dynamics. An efficient exact classical simulation of boson sampling is not believed to exist, which has motivated ground-breaking boson sampling experiments in photonics with increasingly many photons.

Contemporary management of open extremity fractures: What you need to know.

Open extremity fractures are high-risk injuries prone to significant complications, including soft tissue loss, bone defects, infection, infected nonunion, and the necessity for limb amputation. Large-scale multicenter prospective studies from the Lower Extremity Assessment Project and the Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium have provided novel scientific insights pertinent to the timeliness and appropriateness of specific treatment modalities aimed at improving outcomes of patients with open extremity injuries. These include the imperative for early administration of intravenous antibiotics within 3 hours of injury, preferably within 1 hour of hospital admission.

Realizing spin squeezing with Rydberg interactions in an optical clock.

Neutral-atom arrays trapped in optical potentials are a powerful platform for studying quantum physics, combining precise single-particle control and detection with a range of tunable entangling interactions. For example, these capabilities have been leveraged for state-of-the-art frequency metrology as well as microscopic studies of entangled many-particle states. Here we combine these applications to realize spin squeezing-a widely studied operation for producing metrologically useful entanglement-in an optical atomic clock based on a programmable array of interacting optical qubits.

Povidone-Iodine Fails to Eradicate Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and Demonstrates Ototoxic Risk in Mice.

Hypothesis: Commercially available povidone-iodine solution can eliminate biofilms and persister cells rapidly in in vivo achievable concentrations without inducing ototoxicity.

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a substantial global problem. Current treatment options often induce a temporary remission without leading to a permanent cessation of symptoms secondary to the treatments' inability to eliminate persister cells.

Matched Cohort Study of Radiographic Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence and Tegmen Dehiscence and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objective: To report the frequency of radiographic superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) and tegmen dehiscence in patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Study Design: Retrospective matched cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

Tweezer-programmable 2D quantum walks in a Hubbard-regime lattice.

Quantum walks provide a framework for designing quantum algorithms that is both intuitive and universal. To leverage the computational power of these walks, it is important to be able to programmably modify the graph a walker traverses while maintaining coherence. We do this by combining the fast, programmable control provided by optical tweezers with the scalable, homogeneous environment of an optical lattice.

High-risk ankle fractures in high-risk older patients: to fix or nail?

Introduction: Optimal treatment of high-risk ankle fractures in older, comorbid patients is unknown. Results of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) versus tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) fusion nailing for the treatment of high-risk geriatric ankle fractures were investigated.

Materials And Methods: Results of ORIF versus TTC fusion nailing were evaluated via retrospective case-control cohort study of 60 patients over age 50 with an open ankle fracture or one with at least 50% talar subluxation and at least 1 high-risk comorbidity: diabetes mellitus (DM), peripheral vascular disease, immunosuppression, active smoking, or a BMI > 35.

Alternative Biologic Therapy in Children Failing Conventional TNFα Inhibitors for Refractory, Noninfectious, Chronic Anterior Uveitis.

Purpose: A significant number of children with noninfectious, chronic anterior uveitis (CAU) fail to respond to conventional therapy; however, successful alternative biologic treatments (ABT) have not been well described. This study aims to review the clinical and treatment characteristics of children with CAU who require ABT.

Design: Retrospective, nonrandomized clinical study.

Lateral Skull Base Chordoma Mimicking a Paraganglioma.

We present an unusual case of chordoma arising entirely from the lateral skull base with imaging features suggestive of a paraganglioma. Clinical history, management, histopathology, and imaging characteristics are described, including a review of gallium-dotate PET scanning somatostatinreceptor-positive tumors. We further provide a review of management options, including a summary of our approach with surgical biopsy via retrosigmoid and resection via transtemporal approaches.

Long-Term Health Utilization and Outcomes in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media.

Objective: To report health utilization patterns and outcomes of medical and surgical management in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Academic otology clinic.

High-power, fiber-laser-based source for magic-wavelength trapping in neutral-atom optical clocks.

We present a continuous-wave, 810 nm laser with watt-level powers. Our system is based on difference-frequency generation of 532 and 1550 nm fiber lasers in a single pass through periodically poled lithium niobate. We measure the broadband spectral noise and relative intensity noise to be compatible with off-resonant dipole trapping of ultracold atoms.

Asymmetric Blockade and Multiqubit Gates via Dipole-Dipole Interactions.

Because of their strong and tunable interactions, Rydberg atoms can be used to realize fast two-qubit entangling gates. We propose a generalization of a generic two-qubit Rydberg-blockade gate to multiqubit Rydberg-blockade gates that involve both many control qubits and many target qubits simultaneously. This is achieved by using strong microwave fields to dress nearby Rydberg states, leading to asymmetric blockade in which control-target interactions are much stronger than control-control and target-target interactions.

Photons and qubits get a better connection.

Quantum networks will require versatile quantum interconnects.

Topical Therapy Failure in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media is Due to Persister Cells in Biofilms.

Objective: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is characterized by a chronically draining middle ear. CSOM is typically treated with multiple courses of antibiotics or antiseptics which are successful in achieving quiescence; however, the disease is prone to relapse. Understanding why these treatment failures occur is essential.

Preparation of Low Entropy Correlated Many-Body States via Conformal Cooling Quenches.

We propose and analyze a method for preparing low entropy many-body states in isolated quantum optical systems of atoms, ions, and molecules. Our approach is based upon shifting entropy between different regions of a system by spatially modulating the magnitude of the effective Hamiltonian. We conduct two case studies, on a topological spin chain and the spinful fermionic Hubbard model, focusing on the key question: can a "conformal cooling quench" remove sufficient entropy within experimentally accessible timescales? Finite-temperature, time-dependent matrix product state calculations reveal that even moderately sized bath regions can remove enough energy and entropy density to expose coherent low-temperature physics.

Perioperative Nimodipine to Improve Cranial Nerve Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Nimodipine has emerged as a promising strategy for protection of cranial nerves following vestibular schwannoma (VS) resections. Our goal was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of clinical studies to determine the therapeutic efficacy of nimodipine in improving facial nerve and cochlear nerve function.

Database Reviewed: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Clinical Trial Registry, Clinicaltrials.

Predictors of Postoperative Electrode Deactivation Among Adult Cochlear Implantees.

Objective: To characterize postoperative electrode functionality after adult cochlear implantation; to identify rationale and risk factors for electrode deactivation.

Study Design: Retrospective Chart Review.

Setting: Academic Cochlear Implant Center.

Maintaining a global health partnership during the COVID-19 pandemic: a road map from the Toronto Addis Ababa Academic Collaboration in Emergency Medicine.

The Toronto Addis Ababa Academic Collaboration in Emergency Medicine (TAAAC-EM) is an educational global health partnership established 10 years ago to support the growth of EM in Ethiopia. In-person global health partnership activities were disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe our five-step process for transitioning our global health partnership to a virtual space.

Impact of Reconstruction With Hydroxyapatite Bone Cement on CSF Leak Rate in Retrosigmoid Approach to Vestibular Schwannoma Resection: A Review of 196 Cases.

Objective: To assess the impact of reconstructive technique on the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak following retrosigmoid approach to acoustic neuroma resection.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Bitter Taste Receptors and Chronic Otitis Media.

Objective: To evaluate the presence of bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) in the middle ear and to examine their relationship with chronic ear infections.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Tertiary care hospital.

Half-minute-scale atomic coherence and high relative stability in a tweezer clock.

The preparation of large, low-entropy, highly coherent ensembles of identical quantum systems is fundamental for many studies in quantum metrology, simulation and information. However, the simultaneous realization of these properties remains a central challenge in quantum science across atomic and condensed-matter systems. Here we leverage the favourable properties of tweezer-trapped alkaline-earth (strontium-88) atoms, and introduce a hybrid approach to tailoring optical potentials that balances scalability, high-fidelity state preparation, site-resolved readout and preservation of atomic coherence.