Spontaneous and Treatment-Related Changes of Serum Calcitonin in Medullary Thyroid Cancer: Long-Term Experience in a Patient With Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B.

Purpose: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in MEN2B syndrome is associated with germline mutation. Patients harboring de novo mutations are usually diagnosed at more advanced disease stages. We present a young woman with Met918Th mutation diagnosed with stage IV MTC at age 10 years.

The association between distal symmetric polyneuropathy in diabetes with all-cause mortality - a meta-analysis.

Background: Distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) is a common microvascular complication of both type 1 and 2 diabetes with substantial morbidity burden and reduced quality of life. Its association with mortality is equivocal.

Purpose: To describe the association between DSPN and all-cause mortality in people with diabetes and further stratify by the type of diabetes based on a meta-analysis of published observational studies.

Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and serum albumin are predictors of acute kidney injury in non-ventilated COVID-19 patients: a single-center prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication among COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit, but it is less frequently investigated in general internal medicine wards. We aimed to examine the incidence, the predictors of AKI, and AKI-associated mortality in a prospective cohort of non-ventilated COVID-19 patients. We aimed to describe the natural history of AKI by describing trajectories of urinary markers of hemodynamic, glomerular, and tubular injury.

Why Not to Use the Handgrip Test in the Assessment of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus?

Objective: Historically, a set of 5 Cardiovascular Autonomic Reflex Tests (CARTs) were considered to be the gold standard in the assessment of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN). However, measuring diastolic Blood Pressure (BP) response to sustained handgrip is omitted in recent guidelines. We aimed to assess the association between the handgrip and the other 4 tests as well as to identify determinants of the handgrip test results in diabetic patients.

Abnormal glucose tolerance is associated with diminished postload change in leptin levels in women.

Background: It is generally accepted that the metabolic effects of leptin are diminished in the obese due to leptin resistance. Hormone resistance may develop if diurnal (including meal-related) changes in hormone levels are disrupted. We sought to describe leptin changes after a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in women with a prior diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (a high risk group for the metabolic syndrome) compared to that in healthy controls.

Carbohydrate metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors 4 years after a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance and the metabolic syndrome in a cohort of previously gestational diabetic (GDM) women 4 years after delivery.

Methods: Sixty-eight prior GDM and a control group of 39 women with normal glucose tolerance during pregnancy were invited to participate in a follow-up study.

Results: The prevalence of diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was 21%, 16%, and 6% among prior GDM women and 0%, 15%, and 0% among controls respectively (P=0.

Late diabetes complications and non-dipping phenomenon in patients with Type 1 diabetes.

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) has been thought to underlie the loss of normal nocturnal blood pressure dipping, which is associated with a higher risk for nephropathy in Type 1 diabetes. Previous analyses also suggest however that nephropathy is a major predictor of subsequent CAN.

Objective: To investigate links between non-dipping phenomenon (NDP) and complications, particularly CAN and nephropathy.