Cross-Resistance to Pyrethroids and Neonicotinoids in Malaria Vectors from Vegetable Farms in the Northern Benin.

Agricultural pesticides may play a crucial role in the selection of resistance in field populations of mosquito vectors. This study aimed to determine the susceptibility level of s.l.

Organophosphate and carbamate susceptibility profiling of Anopheles gambiae sl. across different ecosystems in southern Benin.

Background: To overcome the spread of high pyrethroid resistance in the main malaria vectors and malaria disease persistence, it is crucial to look for effective and better resistance management strategies. Understanding the phenotypic profile of against alternatives insecticides like organophosphates and carbamates is crucial.

Methods: larvae and pupae were collected from the breeding sites in rice fields, pineapple crop areas, and peri-urban areas.

Acute and Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study of the Aqueous Extracts from the Leafy Stem and Fruit of D.Royen EX.L in Wistar Rats.

Background: () is used in folk medicine for treatment of male infertility. However, scientific data on its safety are limited.

Objective: This study was carried out to assess the acute and repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity of the aqueous extracts from leafy stem and fruit in Wistar rats.

Aqueous extract of D. Royen ex L leafy stem protects against lead induced testicular toxicity in Wistar rats.

Objectives: Lead exposure seriously impairs male reproductive function. The protective capacity of leafy stem and fruit aqueous extracts against lead testicular toxicity is evaluated to find herbals drugs able to improve semen quality.

Methods: Phytochemical screening were performed according to classical methods.

A comparative study of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. root extracts on sexual behaviour in male Wistar rats.

Caesalpinia bonduc is among the traditionally used plant in Benin, for its enhancement of male sexual activity. This study was undertaken to investigate the potential effect of C. bonduc root extracts on sexual behaviour of male Wistar rats.

A 90-Day Oral Toxicity Study of an Ethanolic Root Extract of (L.) Roxb. in Wistar Rats.

Background: Plant medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind; hence, studies on their safety for use are essential for the control of adverse drug effects. In Benin, is one of many medicinal plants used as aphrodisiac, and for treatment of various ailments including prostatic hyperplasia. Despite its numerous ethnomedicinal benefits, toxicological information associated with its chronic use is currently limited.

A preliminary analysis on the effect of copper on Anopheles coluzzii insecticide resistance in vegetable farms in Benin.

The use of agrochemicals in vegetable production could influence the selection for insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of information on the potential contribution of agrochemicals to insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes breeding on vegetable farms in southern Benin. A Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices study was conducted with 75 vegetable farmers from Houeyiho and Seme to determine the main agrochemicals used in vegetable production, and the concentration and frequency of application, among other details.

Ascorbic acid alters cell fate commitment of human neural progenitors in a WNT/β-catenin/ROS signaling dependent manner.

Background: Improving the neuronal yield from in vitro cultivated neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is an essential challenge in transplantation therapy in neurological disorders. In this regard, Ascorbic acid (AA) is widely used to expand neurogenesis from NPCs in cultures although the mechanisms of its action remain unclear. Neurogenesis from NPCs is regulated by the redox-sensitive WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Oxidative stress does not play a primary role in the toxicity induced with clinical doses of doxorubicin in myocardial H9c2 cells.

The implication of oxidative stress as primary mechanism inducing doxorubicin (DOX) cardiotoxicity is still questionable as many in vitro studies implied supra-clinical drug doses or unreliable methodologies for reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection. The aim of this study was to clarify whether oxidative stress is involved in compliance with the conditions of clinical use of DOX, and using reliable tools for ROS detection. We examined the cytotoxic mechanisms of 2 μM DOX 1 day after the beginning of the treatment in differentiated H9c2 rat embryonic cardiac cells.

Beneficial effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated Fatty acids in gestational diabetes: consequences in macrosomia and adulthood obesity.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are increasingly being used to prevent cardiovascular diseases, including diabetes and obesity. In this paper, we report data on the observed effects of omega-3 PUFA on major metabolic disorders and immune system disruption during gestational diabetes and their consequences on macrosomia. While controversies still exist about omega-3 PUFA effects on antioxidant status regarding the level of omega-3 PUFA in diet supplementation, their lipid-lowering effects are unanimously recognized by researchers.

Some pathophysiological insights into ovarian infestation by Myxobolus sp. (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) in Clarias gariepinus (Clariids: Silurids) from Bénin (West Africa).

Mature female specimens of the catfish Clarias gariepinus originating from Ouémé River (Benin) were investigated into ovarian myxozoan parasites. Spores of Myxobolus sp. (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) were found encrusted in the whitish color oocytes which present fat dot aspect in the gonads.

Histopathological and ultrastructural studies of a Henneguya species (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) infesting the intestine of Clarias gariepinus from Benin (West Africa).

Fish culture is the best alternative to fill the gap between natural fish catches and estimated needs of populations in animal protein consumption. In West Africa, this goal required to have suitable fishes for aquaculture which are Clariidae and Tilapia. Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae) fetches a higher price than tilapias as it can be sold alive at the market but a high infestation by Henneguya leads to decrease this commercial value.

Metazoan parasite communities of catfishes (Teleostei: Siluridae) in Benin (West Africa).

The need for more precise information on the effect of dry season on fish parasite communities in Benin lead us to undergo a focus during this season in one of the major sites of collection fry by fish farmers.Metazoan parasites were then inventoried in 166 specimens of catfishes which constituted of C larias gariepinus, Clarias ebriensis, Synodontis schall, Synodontis nigrita, and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Teleostei: Siluridae). Those fishes were collected from fishermen of Agonlin-Lowé at the side of Oueme River in south Benin from November 2011 to March 2012.

Adriamycin dose and time effects on cell cycle, cell death, and reactive oxygen species generation in leukaemia cells.

We investigate the relative importance of the different mechanisms of Adriamycin, an anthracycline, and their interrelations, in particular the link between cell cycle arrest, cell death, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is suspected to be the origin of cardiotoxic side-effects. We introduced a lifetime fluorescence based technology and used videomicrofluorometry, two efficient analytical methods. We show that depending on the doses and time after incubation, ADR will not reach the same compartments (nucleus, mitochondria, cytosol) in the cells, having consequences on the production of ROS, growth arrest pathways and cell death pathways.

Cytotoxic effect of Laxaphycins A and B on human lymphoblastic cells (CCRF-CEM) using digitised videomicrofluorometry.

Laxaphycin A (laxa A) and Laxaphycin B (laxa B), cyclic peptides isolated from the terrestrial blue-green alga Anabaena laxa or the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula have antifungal and cytotoxic activities. We used numerical videomicrofluorometry and a protocol of multiple labelling with Hoescht 33342 (nuclear DNA), Rhodamine 123 (mitochondria) and Nile Red (plasma membrane) to study the cytotoxicity of these substances in human lymphoblastic cells sensitive (CEM-WT) or resistant (CEM-VLB and CEM-VM1) to anticancer agents. The results indicate a low resistance index of 2 for CEM-VLB cells treated with laxa B or laxa A + lava B.