Celiac trunk angiography with balloon occlusion of splenic artery for diagnosis and treatment of splenic steal syndrome.

Splenic steal syndrome (SSS) post liver transplant is a potential cause of graft dysfunction in the setting of peripheral hepatic arterial bed resistance and redirection of blood flow to a dominant splenic artery resulting in reduction of hepatic arterial inflow. We report utilization of balloon occlusion of the proximal splenic artery as an objective measure to confirm the diagnosis of SSS in a patient with orthotopic liver transplant followed by successful treatment with proximal splenic artery embolization using Gelfoam and Amplatzer vascular plug. Written informed consent for the publication of this case report was obtained from the patient.

Intra-arterial locoregional therapies for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Introduction: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the 2nd most common primary liver malignancy. For nonsurgical candidates, the primary treatment option is systemic chemotherapy, which can be combined with locoregional therapies to enhance local control. Common intra-arterial locoregional therapies include transarterial hepatic embolization, conventional transarterial chemoembolization, drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization, transarterial radioembolization with Yttrium-90 microspheres, and hepatic artery infusion.

Predictors of endobronchial forceps utilization for inferior vena cava filter retrieval: when snare retrieval fails.

Background: Endobronchial forceps are commonly used for complex IVC filter removal and after initial attempts at IVC filter retrieval with a snare have failed. Currently, there are no clear guidelines to help distinguish cases where primary removal should be attempted with standard snare technique or whether attempts at removal should directly be started with forceps. This study is aimed to identify clinical and imaging predictors of snare failure which necessitate conversion to endobronchial forceps.

The Role of Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Massive Pulmonary Embolism in a Patient With Unilateral Lung Transplant and Atrial Septal Defect.

Purpose: The risk of thromboembolic disease is high in patients with lung transplantation and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality with single healthy transplanted lung. We present a case involving successful endovascular management of life-threatening acute massive pulmonary embolism (PE) in a patient with single lung transplant and atrial septal defect (ASD).

Case Report: A 65-year-old man with a history of interstitial lung disease status post single left orthotopic lung transplant in 2012 presented with acute massive PE and clot burden in the pulmonary arteries of the transplanted left lung.

New Developments in Image-Guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation of Solid Tumors.

Purpose Of Review: This review will describe the various applications, benefits, risks, and approaches of conventional irreversible electroporation (IRE), as well as highlight the new technological developments of this procedure along with their clinical applications.

Recent Findings: Minimally invasive image-guided percutaneous IRE ablation has emerged as a newer, non-thermal ablation technique for tumors in the solid organs, particularly within the liver, pancreas, kidney, and prostate. IRE allows for ablation near heat-sensitive structures, including major blood vessels and nerves, and is not susceptible to the heat sink effect.

Risk factors and treatment interventions associated with incomplete thrombus resolution and pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary embolism.

Background: Residual pulmonary vascular occlusion (RPVO) affects one half of patients after a pulmonary embolism (PE). The relationship between the risk factors and therapeutic interventions for the development of RPVO and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is unknown.

Methods: This retrospective review included PE patients within a 26-month period who had baseline and follow-up imaging studies (ie, computed tomography [CT], ventilation/perfusion scans, transthoracic echocardiography) available.

Transarterial Embolization and Percutaneous Ablation of Primary and Metastatic Soft Tissue Tumors.

Soft tissue tumors (STTs) include a range of benign and malignant tumors originating from soft tissues. Transarterial and percutaneous therapies are image-guided and minimally invasive approaches for managing primary and metastatic STTs. The objective of this review is to discuss transarterial and percutaneous therapies by examining the current literature, including indications, patient selection, safety, and effectiveness.

Percutaneous Chest Tube for Pleural Effusion and Pneumothorax.

Chest tubes are placed in the pleural space to evacuate abnormal fluid or air accumulations. Various types and sizes of chest tubes are available. Imaging including ultrasound, computed tomography, and fluoroscopy should be used to guide chest tube placement.

Percutaneous Management of Benign Biliary Strictures.

Benign biliary strictures are often due to a variety of etiologies, most of which are iatrogenic. Clinical presentation can vary from asymptomatic disease with elevated liver enzymes to obstructive jaundice and recurrent cholangitis. Diagnostic imaging methods, such as ultrasound, multidetector computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (cholangiopancreatography), are used to identify stricture location, extent, and possible source of biliary obstruction.

Imaging Health and Radiology Care of Transgender Patients: A Call to Build Evidence-Based Best Practices.

Transgender people have a gender identity that differs from their natal sex and experience many forms of discrimination, including within the health care field. Although transgender patients only comprise 0.6% of the adult US population, they frequently require imaging evaluation.

Retrospective Analysis of the Safety and Outcomes of Percutaneous Radiologic Gastrostomy in Obese vs Nonobese Patients.

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare the safety and outcomes of percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG) in obese vs nonobese patients.

Methods: This is an institutional review board-approved retrospective study of 109 patients (male:female, 68:41; mean age, 64.7 years; range, 21-94 years) who underwent PRG with or without gastropexy at a single academic medical center between 2015 and 2018.

Nonoperative Management of Blunt Splenic Trauma: Outcomes of Gelfoam Embolization of the Splenic Artery.

Context: Nonoperative management (NOM) is the standard of care in hemodynamically stable trauma patients with blunt splenic injury. Gelfoam splenic artery embolization (SAE) is a treatment option used in trauma patients.

Aims: The primary aim of this study was to retrospectively examine the use and outcomes of Gelfoam SAE in adult patients with blunt splenic injury.

Clinical Efficacy, Safety, and Feasibility of Using Video Glasses during Interventional Radiologic Procedures: A Randomized Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and feasibility of implementing video glasses in a variety of interventional radiologic (IR) procedures.

Materials And Methods: Between August 2012 and August 2013, 83 patients undergoing outpatient IR procedures were randomized to a control group (n = 44) or an experimental group outfitted with video glasses (n = 39). State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores, sedation and analgesia doses, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), pain scores, and procedure times were obtained.

Incidence and complications of accidental cannulation of retroperitoneal veins during venography for inferior vena cava filter placement.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and complications of accidental cannulation of retroperitoneal veins during venography for inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement.

Methods: In total, 641 patients who underwent IVC filter placement were retrospectively reviewed. Incidence of accidental cannulation of retroperitoneal veins during venography (using 633 sheaths and 18 catheters, including 11 pigtail type and 7 end-hole-type catheters), along with the associated complications, were evaluated.

Magnetic resonance imaging of pineal region tumours.

Objectives: Pineal lesions can present as a heterogeneous collection of benign and malignant disease conditions. Pineal lesions include germ cell tumours, neoplasms arising from the pineal parenchyma, as well as other pineal region masses.

Methods: A variety of cases of pineal lesions are presented.

Substituent effects on the assembly of helical cyanine dye aggregates in the minor groove of a DNA template.

Double-helical DNA was used as a template for the assembly of helical cyanine dye aggregates. The aggregates consist of cofacial dimers aligned end-to-end in the minor groove of the DNA. The effect of methoxy or fluoro substituents placed on the periphery of the cyanine dye heterocycles on aggregation both in water and on the DNA template was studied by UV-vis and circular dichroism spectroscopy.

Elevated pulmonary artery pressure is a risk factor for primary graft dysfunction following lung transplantation for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is often associated with elevations in pulmonary artery pressures. Although primary pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has been associated with primary graft dysfunction (PGD), the role of secondary PAH in mediating PGD risk in patients with IPF is incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and PGD among patients with IPF.