Protein Corona Composition of Gold Nanocatalysts.

The interaction between nanoparticles (NPs) and biological environments is profoundly influenced by a stable, strongly adsorbed "hard" protein corona. This corona significantly determines the NPs' pharmacokinetics and biological destiny. Our study delves into the mechanisms by which colloidal Au nanocrystals that are synthesized electrochemically without surface-capping organic ligands, known as CNM-Au8, traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and target human brain tissue for treating neurodegenerative disorders.

A Deep Learning Pipeline for Assessing Ventricular Volumes from a Cardiac MRI Registry of Patients with Single Ventricle Physiology.

Purpose To develop an end-to-end deep learning (DL) pipeline for automated ventricular segmentation of cardiac MRI data from a multicenter registry of patients with Fontan circulation (Fontan Outcomes Registry Using CMR Examinations [FORCE]). Materials and Methods This retrospective study used 250 cardiac MRI examinations (November 2007-December 2022) from 13 institutions for training, validation, and testing. The pipeline contained three DL models: a classifier to identify short-axis cine stacks and two U-Net 3+ models for image cropping and segmentation.

A Mechanism Underpinning the Bioenergetic Metabolism-Regulating Function of Gold Nanocatalysts.

Bioenergetic deficits are known to be significant contributors to neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, identifying safe and effective means to address intracellular bioenergetic deficits remains a significant challenge. This work provides mechanistic insights into the energy metabolism-regulating function of colloidal Au nanocrystals, referred to as CNM-Au8, that are synthesized electrochemically in the absence of surface-capping organic ligands.

Real-Time Strain-Encoding Cardiovascular MRI for Assessment of Regional Heart Function in Tetralogy of Fallot Patients.

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease, where right ventricular (RV) function is an important determinant of subsequent intervention.

Objective: In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of fast strain-encoding (fastSENC; a one-heartbeat sequence) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing regional cardiac function in ToF.

Method: FastSENC was implemented to characterize regional circumferential (Ecc) and longitudinal (Ell) strains in the left ventricle (LV) and RV in post-repair ToF.

Congenitally corrected transposition: not correct at all.

Purpose Of Review: Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries is a rare congenital defect with several management options. Disagreement continues on strategies, such as anatomic repair, physiologic repair or observation-only. This review discusses recent data that provide further guidance for clinical decision-making.

Effects of Mitral Valve Prolapse on Quantification of Mitral Regurgitation and Ejection Fraction Using Cardiac MRI.

Purpose: To determine the impact of prolapsed volume on regurgitant volume (RegV), regurgitant fraction (RF), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) using cardiac MRI.

Materials And Methods: Patients with MVP and mitral regurgitation who underwent cardiac MRI from 2005 to 2020 were identified retrospectively from the electronic record. RegV is the difference between left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV) and aortic flow.

Computational modelling of multi-temporal ventricular-vascular interactions during the progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

A computational framework is developed to consider the concurrent growth and remodelling (G&R) processes occurring in the large pulmonary artery (PA) and right ventricle (RV), as well as ventricular-vascular interactions during the progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This computational framework couples the RV and the proximal PA in a closed-loop circulatory system that operates in a short timescale of a cardiac cycle, and evolves over a long timescale due to G&R processes in the PA and RV. The framework predicts changes in haemodynamics (e.

Data-driven computational models of ventricular-arterial hemodynamics in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex disease involving increased resistance in the pulmonary arteries and subsequent right ventricular (RV) remodeling. Ventricular-arterial interactions are fundamental to PAH pathophysiology but are rarely captured in computational models. It is important to identify metrics that capture and quantify these interactions to inform our understanding of this disease as well as potentially facilitate patient stratification.

SCMR expert consensus statement for cardiovascular magnetic resonance of acquired and non-structural pediatric heart disease.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is widely used for diagnostic imaging in the pediatric population. In addition to structural congenital heart disease (CHD), for which published guidelines are available, CMR is also performed for non-structural pediatric heart disease, for which guidelines are not available. This article provides guidelines for the performance and reporting of CMR in the pediatric population for non-structural ("non-congenital") heart disease, including cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, Kawasaki disease and systemic vasculitides, cardiac tumors, pericardial disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart transplant, and aortopathies.

mRNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine-Associated Myopericarditis in Adolescents: A Survey Study.

In this survey study of institutions across the US, marked variability in evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of adolescents 12 through 18 years of age with mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine-associated myopericarditis was noted. Only one adolescent with life-threatening complications was reported, with no deaths at any of the participating institutions.

Ventricular Function in Physiologically Repaired and Unrepaired Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries.

In patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) and hemodynamically significant concomitant lesions, physiologic repair may be undertaken, in which the circulation is septated but the morphologic right ventricle (RV) remains the systemic ventricle. Patients without significant concomitant lesions may be observed without surgery, with a similar physiologic result. We compared cardiovascular magnetic resonance measures of ventricular size and function in patients with physiologically repaired and unrepaired ccTGA.

Fibrosis-Net: A Tailored Deep Convolutional Neural Network Design for Prediction of Pulmonary Fibrosis Progression From Chest CT Images.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating chronic lung disease that causes irreparable lung tissue scarring and damage, resulting in progressive loss in lung capacity and has no known cure. A critical step in the treatment and management of pulmonary fibrosis is the assessment of lung function decline, with computed tomography (CT) imaging being a particularly effective method for determining the extent of lung damage caused by pulmonary fibrosis. Motivated by this, we introduce Fibrosis-Net, a deep convolutional neural network design tailored for the prediction of pulmonary fibrosis progression from chest CT images.

Biatrial Drainage of the Right Superior Vena Cava: Imaging Findings.

Biatrial drainage of the right superior vena cava (SVC) is a rare form of interatrial shunting that can have substantial clinical consequences. Cross-sectional imaging techniques (CT and MRI) are well suited for evaluation and surgical planning. This review article focuses on the embryologic development, hemodynamics, and imaging features to enable a timely diagnosis.