Background: Posterior cervical fusion (PCF) with lateral mass screws is a favorable treatment option to revise a symptomatic pseudarthrosis due to reliable rates of arthrodesis; however, this technique introduces elevated risk for wound infection and hospital readmission. A tissue-sparing PCF approach involving facet fixation instrumentation reduces the rates of postoperative complications while stabilizing the symptomatic level to achieve arthrodesis; however, these outcomes have been limited to small study cohorts from individual surgeons commonly with mixed indications for treatment.
Materials And Methods: One hundred and fifty cases were identified from a retrospective chart review performed by seven surgeons across six sites in the United States.
Previous studies have shown that the in vivo administration of soil-derived bacteria with anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties, such as NCTC 11659, can prevent a stress-induced shift toward an inflammatory M1 microglial immunophenotype and microglial priming in the central nervous system (CNS). It remains unclear whether NCTC 11659 can act directly on microglia to mediate these effects. This study was designed to determine the effects of NCTC 11659 on the polarization of naïve BV-2 cells, a murine microglial cell line, and BV-2 cells subsequently challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Kickoff plays in American football are associated with an increased risk of concussion compared with other play types. In 2018, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Football Rules Committee altered the kickoff rules so a fair catch inside the 25-yard line results in a touchback, with the ensuing drive starting on the 25-yard line. The intention was to decrease the number of kickoff returns with a corresponding decrease in the rate of concussions on kickoff plays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open Sport Exerc Med
February 2023
Objectives: Mental health problems are a premorbid and postinjury concern among college student athletes. Clinical phenotypes of anxiety and mood disruption are prevalent following mild traumatic brain injury, including concussion, a common sports injury. This work examined whether concussed student athletes with a history of mental health problems and higher symptoms of anxiety and mood disruption at baseline were more likely to have higher postinjury reports of mood and anxiety as well as prolonged resolution of postconcussive symptoms to near-baseline measures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of this study was to describe the purpose, methods, and effects of the Pac-12 Health Analytics Program (HAP) approach on sports medicine informatics, research, analytics, and health care operations. Sports injury-surveillance initiatives have been supporting the clinical research community in sports medicine for nearly 4 decades. Whereas the initial systems tracked only a few sports, current surveillance programs have expanded to include entire professional and elite athlete organizations, providing important statistics on sports injury risk management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Drug overdose is the leading cause of injury-related death in the United States. It has been linked to respiratory depression and cardiac toxicity, both of which can lead to cardiac arrest. Despite this potential association, few studies have examined this relationship, particularly in transport to the hospital.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthop J Sports Med
February 2022
Background: The targeting rule was adopted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in 2008 to discourage dangerous contact during collegiate American football competition. Although targeting rules have been emphasized as a means to reduce concussion rates, there is currently no evidence that targeting plays are higher risk for concussion than other plays in American football.
Purpose: To compare the rate of concussion occurring during targeting versus nontargeting plays in American collegiate football.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med
May 2021
Sport-related concussion has garnered increasing scientific attention and research over the last decade. Collegiate student-athletes represent an important cohort in this field. As such, the Pac-12 CARE-Affiliated Program (CAP) was formed in 2017 as a regional hub of the Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) consortium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess diagnostic accuracy and reliability of sideline concussion tests in college athletes.
Methods: Athletes completed baseline concussion tests including Post-Concussion Symptom Scale, Standardised Assessment of Concussion (SAC), modified Balance Error Scoring System (m-BESS), King-Devick test and EYE-SYNC Smooth Pursuits. Testing was repeated in athletes diagnosed acutely with concussion and compared to a matched teammate without concussion.
Orthop J Sports Med
September 2019
Background: Recent studies have associated sport-related concussion with depression and impaired cognitive ability later in life in former professional football players. However, population studies with two 1950s-era cohorts did not find an association between high school football participation and impaired cognition or depressive symptoms in late adulthood.
Purpose/hypothesis: This study assessed whether actual/intended participation in contact sports during adolescence had an adverse effect on participants' cognition or depressive symptoms in early adulthood.
Objective: Inadequate immunoregulation and elevated inflammation may be risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and microbial inputs are important determinants of immunoregulation; however, the association between the gut microbiota and PTSD is unknown. This study investigated the gut microbiome in a South African sample of PTSD-affected individuals and trauma-exposed (TE) controls to identify potential differences in microbial diversity or microbial community structure.
Methods: The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 was used to diagnose PTSD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria.
Background: Recent studies have shown the enhanced diagnostic capability of the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) over BMI. However, while a structured cutoff hierarchy has been established for BMI, a rigorous analysis to define individuals as obese using the WHtR has not been performed on a sample of American adults. This study attempts to establish a cutoff for the WHtR using metabolic syndrome as the outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
December 2015
Background: The current study investigated the association between breastfeeding and adult weight distribution using an emerging indicator of weight distribution, the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR).
Methods: The study sample consisted of two subsamples of individuals that were part of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. One sample (n = 1,179) consisted of individuals from the sibling pair data.
Background: Research on physical fitness often regards socioeconomic status (SES) as a confounding factor. However, few studies investigate the impact of SES on fitness. This study investigated the impact of SES on physical fitness in both males and females, with an economic-based construct of SES.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF