Parent and Clinician Views on Not Using Antibiotics for Mild Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Objectives: Preschool-aged children with mild community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) routinely receive antibiotics even though most infections are viral. We sought to identify barriers to the implementation of a "no antibiotic" strategy for mild CAP in young children.

Methods: Qualitative study using semistructured interviews conducted in a large pediatric hospital in the United States from January 2021 to July 2021.

Screening for Youth Firearm Violence Exposure in Primary Care.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess a modified gun violence exposure tool at a pediatric clinic on the West Side of Chicago to identify youth at high risk of future gun violence.

Methods: A modified version of the SaFETy gun violence exposure tool, studied in a community pediatric primary care setting, was implemented from June to August 2021. Patients and pediatric clinicians were surveyed after pilot.

Development and Evaluation of a Wearable Simulator System.

Background: Peer physical examination is a clinical teaching-learning approach used for decades because of the convenient sample of peers for practicing. However, this approach has limitations when learning to assess abnormalities and threatens psychologically safe learning. A wearable simulator system was designed for learning physical examination skills to minimize ethical and learning challenges.

Cross-sectional association of light sensor-measured time outdoors with physical activity and gross motor competency among U.S. preschool-aged children: the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey.

Background: Time spent outdoors (outdoor time) has been suggested to be beneficial for physical activity (PA) and healthy development among preschool-aged children. The aim of this study was to quantify PA level and gross motor competency associated with light sensor-measured daily outdoor time in a representative sample of U.S.

Projected Augmented Reality (P-AR) for Enhancing Nursing Education About Pressure Injury: A Pilot Evaluation Study.

Purpose: To describe results of a study evaluating a Projected Augmented Reality (P-AR) system for its potential to enhance nursing education about pressure injuries.

Design: Pilot evaluation survey.

Subjects And Setting: The sample comprised nursing students and faculty at a school of nursing in a large, Midwestern public university.

Clinical and technical factors associated with knee radiofrequency ablation outcomes: a multicenter analysis.

Background: There has been a surge in interest in radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the genicular nerves over the past decade, with wide variability in selection, technique and outcomes. The aim of this study is to determine factors associated with treatment outcome.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the effect of 23 demographic, clinical and technical variables on outcomes in 265 patients who underwent genicular nerve RFA for knee pain at 2 civilian and 1 military hospital.

Views of wheelchair users and caregivers regarding a passive safety monitoring system for electric powered wheelchair operators with cognitive impairment.

The opinions of cognitively intact current wheelchair users and their professional caregivers were solicited to explore acceptability of the concept of a passive electric wheelchair-mounted movement monitor to track driving safety and cognitive impairment. Two focus groups of electric wheelchair users (N = 9), and two focus groups of staff caregivers (N = 8) were conducted at a congregate care facility. Participants also completed a questionnaire examining their perceptions of the concept.

Critical Events Leading to Endotracheal Reintubation in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: A Retrospective Inquiry of Contributory Factors.

The tracheal reintubation of a surgical patient in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) is a critical event that increases patient morbidity and mortality, cost, and staff demands. We performed a descriptive retrospective cohort study to identify the incidence of reintubation after planned extubation (RAP) in the PACU from 2010 to 2017. The incidence of RAP was 0.

Assessing and Mobilizing Faith Organizations to Implement Childhood Obesity Prevention Advocacy Strategies.

Childhood obesity remains a public health problem requiring mobilization across diverse social and political sectors. The faith-based sector can contribute to obesity prevention advocacy when existing resources are supported and leveraged. This article describes an advocacy resource assessment conducted in six Chicago faith organizations.

The Relationship Between the Social Environment and Lifestyle-Related Physical Activity in a Low-Income African American Inner-City Southern Neighborhood.

The social ecological model was used to examine individual, interpersonal, and neighborhood characteristics related to lifestyle-related physical activity (PA) in a low-income African American (AA) population in New Orleans, Louisiana. Interviewers administered surveys to randomly-sampled household participants from three low-income, AA neighborhoods in New Orleans, Louisiana. Questions included the social and physical environment, physical activity, interpersonal factors, demographics, height and weight.

Society of Behavioral Medicine position statement: early care and education (ECE) policies can impact obesity prevention among preschool-aged children.

The Society of Behavioral Medicine (SBM) urges policymakers to help prevent childhood obesity by improving state regulations for early care and education (ECE) settings related to child nutrition, physical activity, and screen time. More than three quarters of preschool-aged children in the USA attend ECE settings, and many spend up to 40 h per week under ECE care. ECE settings provide meals and snacks, as well as opportunities for increasing daily physical activity and reducing sedentary screen time.

Working with community partners to implement and evaluate the Chicago Park District's 100% Healthier Snack Vending Initiative.

Background: The objective of this case study was to evaluate the acceptability, sales impact, and implementation barriers for the Chicago Park District's 100% Healthier Snack Vending Initiative to strengthen and support future healthful vending efforts.

Community Context: The Chicago Park District is the largest municipal park system in the United States, serving almost 200,000 children annually through after-school and summer programs. Chicago is one of the first US cities to improve park food environments through more healthful snack vending.

Endoscopic endonasal anatomy of the nasopharynx in a cadaver model.

Background: Nasopharyngectomy is an accepted treatment for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma following radiation with or without chemotherapy. Traditionally, the nasopharynx has been approached through relatively invasive "open" techniques including transpalatal, maxillary swing, and trans-mandibular-pterygoid approaches. Contemporary management has included the use of endoscopic techniques to exenterate tumors in this location.

Engaging Chicago hospitals in the baby-friendly hospital initiative.

Breastfeeding is now widely recognized as a vital obesity prevention strategy and hospitals play a primary role in promoting, supporting and helping mothers to initiate and maintain breastfeeding. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) provides an evidence-based model that hospitals can use to plan and implement breastfeeding quality improvement (QI) projects. Funding under Communities Putting Prevention to Work (CPPW), administered by the CDC, brought together key Chicago partners to provide individualized support and technical assistance with breastfeeding QI projects to the 19 maternity hospitals in Chicago.

First constraints on the running of non-Gaussianity.

We use data from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy probe temperature maps to constrain a scale-dependent generalization of the popular "local" model for primordial non-Gaussianity. In the model where the parameter f(NL) is allowed to run with scale k, f(NL)(k) = f*(NL) (k/k(piv))(n)(fNL), we constrain the running to be n(f)(NL) = 0.30(-1.

Effect of changes to the neighborhood built environment on physical activity in a low-income African American neighborhood.

Introduction: Obesity is a public health problem that is due in part to low levels of physical activity. Physical activity levels are influenced by the built environment. We examined how changes in the built environment affected residents' physical activity levels in a low-income, primarily African American neighborhood in New Orleans.

Role of rhinitis in laryngitis: another dimension of the unified airway.

Objectives: We evaluated the prevalence of dysphonia and secondary laryngeal symptoms among patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), nonallergic rhinitis (NAR), and no rhinitis symptoms (controls).

Methods: Patients with rhinitis symptoms with positive and negative allergy tests were recruited from allergy clinics, and patients without rhinitis symptoms were recruited from an orthopedic clinic. All groups completed the Voice-Related Quality of Life survey (VRQOL),the mini-Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (mini-RQLQ), and the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI).

Outcomes of the 5-4-3-2-1 Go! Childhood obesity community trial.

Objectives: To determine effects of the 5-4-3-2-1 Go! community social marketing campaign on obesity risk factors.

Methods: We randomly assigned 524 parents of 3- to 7-year-old children to receive 5-4-3-2-1 Go! counseling or not. We surveyed parents about 5-4-3-2-1 Go! behaviors and perceptions of children's behaviors at baseline and one year later.

Prostatic involution after intraprostatic injection of cobra toxin.

Purpose: We evaluated the comparative effects of intraprostatic injection of cobra cardiotoxin D and botulinum toxin type A on prostate structure in the rat model.

Materials And Methods: A total of 18 Sprague-Dawley® rats weighing 500 to 600 gm received a single 0.1 ml injection of saline (6), botulinum toxin type A (6) or the cardiotoxin D (6) component of cobra (Naja naja atra) toxin in the right and left ventral lobes of the prostate.

Conservative management of a grade V injury to an ectopic pelvic kidney following blunt trauma to the lower abdomen: a case report.

Introduction: Ectopic pelvic kidneys represent an anatomic variant that remains clinically asymptomatic in most patients. While there is some literature to suggest that ectopic kidneys may be more predisposed to blunt trauma injuries, there are few examples to guide the management of these injuries. To our knowledge, we present the first case of a grade V renal injury to an ectopic pelvic kidney managed successfully with conservative measures.

Percolation thresholds on two-dimensional Voronoi networks and Delaunay triangulations.

The site percolation threshold for the random Voronoi network is determined numerically, with the result pc=0.714 10+/-0.000,02 , using Monte Carlo simulation on periodic systems of up to 40,000 sites.

The indications and technique of supramalleolar osteotomy.

The supramalleolar osteotomy is a commonly used surgical procedure to correct congenital or acquired deformities of the distal tibia, ankle, or foot. In children, osteotomy has been used to correct malunion of fractures, physeal growth arrest, tibial torsion, paralytic deformities, and sequelae of a clubfoot.