Predictors of length of stay for simple gastroschisis: analysis of ACS NSQIP-P database.

Purpose: We aimed to assess predictors of length of stay for simple gastroschisis utilizing the NSQIP-Pediatric Database.

Methods: The NSQIP-P Participant Use Data File was queried to identify patients with simple gastroschisis. We defined short length of stay (LOS) as patients discharged home ≤ 30 days from birth.

Index Admission Cholecystectomy and Recurrence of Pediatric Gallstone Pancreatitis: Multicenter Cohort Analysis.

Background: We aim to evaluate recurrence rates of gallstone pancreatitis in children undergoing early vs interval cholecystectomy.

Study Design: A multicenter, retrospective review of pediatric patients admitted with gallstone pancreatitis from 2010 through 2017 was performed. Children were evaluated based on timing of cholecystectomy.

Antibiotic-driven intestinal dysbiosis in pediatric short bowel syndrome is associated with persistently altered microbiome functions and gut-derived bloodstream infections.

Surgical removal of the intestine, lifesaving in catastrophic gastrointestinal disorders of infancy, can result in a form of intestinal failure known as short bowel syndrome (SBS). Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a major challenge in pediatric SBS management. BSIs require frequent antibiotic therapy, with ill-defined consequences for the gut microbiome and childhood health.

Structural studies of full-length receptor tyrosine kinases and their implications for drug design.

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are important drug targets for cancer and immunological disorders. Crystal structures of individual RTK domains have contributed greatly to the structure-based drug design of clinically used drugs. Low-resolution structures from electron microscopy are now available for the RTKs, EGFR, PDGFR, and Kit.

Perioperative considerations in nonagenarians.

Objective: The nation's aging population presents novel perioperative challenges. Potential benefits of operative interventions must be scrutinized in relation to recoverable quality of life. The purpose of this study is to evaluate common risk calculators used for medical decision making in a nonagenarian patient population.

Pneumomediastinum: A Rare Presentation of Inflicted Injuries in Infants.

Reports of incidental pneumomediastinum in infants secondary to inflicted trauma are limited. A retrospective review of infants with pneumomediastinum and history of inflicted trauma was performed. A comprehensive literature review was performed.

EGFR in enterocytes & endothelium and HIF1α in enterocytes are dispensable for massive small bowel resection induced angiogenesis.

Background: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) results from significant loss of small intestinal length. In response to this loss, adaptation occurs, with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) being a key driver. Besides enhanced enterocyte proliferation, we have revealed that adaptation is associated with angiogenesis.

To operate or not to operate? Assessing NSQIP surgical outcomes in trisomy 18 patients.

Background: Trisomy 18 is associated with a wide range of potentially fatal congenital conditions. Historically, clinical attitudes on treatment have been ambiguous, with palliative care as the standard of care. The aim of our study was to provide a descriptive analysis of surgical outcomes in patients with trisomy 18.

Adaptation of extracellular matrix to massive small bowel resection in mice.

Background: Extracellular matrix (ECM) affects cell behavior, and vice versa. How ECM changes after small bowel resection (SBR) to support adaptive cellular processes has not been described. Here we characterize changes in ECM following SBR and integrate this with concomitant transcriptional perturbations.

Patient-derived small intestinal myofibroblasts direct perfused, physiologically responsive capillary development in a microfluidic Gut-on-a-Chip Model.

The development and physiologic role of small intestine (SI) vasculature is poorly studied. This is partly due to a lack of targetable, organ-specific markers for in vivo studies of two critical tissue components: endothelium and stroma. This challenge is exacerbated by limitations of traditional cell culture techniques, which fail to recapitulate mechanobiologic stimuli known to affect vessel development.

Multicenter retrospective comparison of spontaneous intestinal perforation outcomes between primary peritoneal drain and primary laparotomy.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to compare outcomes of infants with spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) treated with primary peritoneal drain versus primary laparotomy.

Methods: We performed a multi-institution retrospective review of infants with diagnosis of SIP from 2012 to 2016. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between infants treated with primary peritoneal drain vs infants treated with laparotomy.

Single-Cell Analysis Reveals Regional Reprogramming During Adaptation to Massive Small Bowel Resection in Mice.

Background & Aims: The small intestine (SI) displays regionality in nutrient and immunological function. Following SI tissue loss (as occurs in short gut syndrome, or SGS), remaining SI must compensate, or "adapt"; the capacity of SI epithelium to reprogram its regional identity has not been described. Here, we apply single-cell resolution analyses to characterize molecular changes underpinning adaptation to SGS.

A Detailed Protocol for Large-scale Recombinant Expression and Validation of Human FGFR2 with Its Transmembrane and Extracellular Domains in .

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are an important class of transmembrane receptors that mediate some of the most crucial biochemical pathways essential to the growth, differentiation, and survival of a cell and thus, are highly involved in cancers. Due to the complexity of RTKs having biochemically different domains including a transmembrane domain, an intact crystal structure of any of these proteins remain elusive as it is difficult to produce milligram amounts of intact functional RTKs for crystallography studies. A heavily studied RTK is fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), which plays a key role in fibroblast growth regulation, differentiation, and oncogenesis.

Recombinant expression in of human FGFR2 with its transmembrane and extracellular domains.

Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases containing three domains: an extracellular receptor domain, a single transmembrane helix, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. FGFRs are activated by fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) as part of complex signal transduction cascades regulating angiogenesis, skeletal formation, cell differentiation, proliferation, cell survival, and cancer. We have developed the first recombinant expression system in to produce a construct of human FGFR2 containing its transmembrane and extracellular receptor domains.