The relationship between chronic ankle instability and sleep behaviour.

Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) is a condition characterized by giving-way episodes, instability and recurrent ankle sprains. Poor sleep can increase the risk of musculoskeletal injury and sleep is known to be an important aspect of injury recovery. However, the effect sleep has on those with CAI as well as its risk for recurrent episodes of giving-way remains unclear.

Limited Total Arc Glenohumeral Rotation and Shoulder Biomechanics During Baseball Pitching.

Context: Upper extremity injuries in baseball pitchers cause significant time loss from competing and decreased quality of life. Although shoulder range of motion (ROM) is reported as a key factor to prevent potential injury, it remains unclear how limited glenohumeral ROM affects pitching biomechanics which may contribute to upper extremity injuries.

Objective: To investigate how pitchers with decreased total arc glenohumeral ROM of the throwing arm differed in upper extremity pitching kinematics and kinetics as well as ball velocity compared with pitchers with greater levels of glenohumeral ROM.

Dual-task differences in individuals with chronic ankle instability: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) demonstrate altered gait mechanics, impaired proprioception, and decreased postural control. In addition, individuals with CAI have been found to have complex neurophysiological changes, including during dual-task perturbations. However, the results of studies on whether cognitive tasks affect postural control are inconclusive.

Development, validity, and test-retest reliability of a new neurocognitive functional performance test: The choice-reaction hop test.

Objectives: To validate a choice-reaction hop test (CRHT) by assessing differences in timing versus the side-hop test (SHT), and to determine the CRHT's test-retest reliability.

Design: Test-retest reliability.

Setting: Laboratory.

Participant-Level Analysis of the Effects of Interventions on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability.

Context: Intervention studies for chronic ankle instability (CAI) often focus on improving physical impairments of the ankle complex. However, using an impairments-focused approach may miss psychological factors that may mediate function and recovery. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures can be used to assess several dimensions of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and deliver enhanced patient-centered care.

A Comparison of Pitching Biomechanics and Sport Specialization in High School Pitchers.

Background: The prevalence of sport specialization in high school athletes continues to rise, particularly among baseball players. Previous research has focused on the incidence of injury among specialized and non-specialized athletes but has yet to examine the level of sport specialization and pitching biomechanics.

Hypotheses/purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in pitching volume and biomechanics between low-, moderate-, and high-level specialized baseball pitchers.

Association of Ankle Sprain Frequency With Body Mass and Self-Reported Function: A Pooled Multisite Analysis.

Context: Ankle sprains result in pain and disability. While factors such as body mass and prior injury contribute to subsequent injury, the association of the number of ankle sprains on body anthropometrics and self-reported function are unclear in this population. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to assess differences in anthropometric measurements and self-reported function between the number of ankle sprains utilizing a large, pooled data set.

Clinical Management of Patellar Tendinopathy.

Patellar tendinopathy is a common yet misunderstood condition that afflicts a variety of patient populations. This lack of understanding affects the ability of clinicians to provide effective treatment interventions. Patients with tendinopathy often report long-term and low to moderate levels of pain, diminished flexibility, and reduced strength, as well as decreased physical function.

Effect of isolated hip abductor fatigue on single-leg landing mechanics and simulated ACL loading.

Background: Altered movement biomechanics are a risk factor for ACL injury. While hip abductor weakness has been shown to negatively impact landing biomechanics, the role of this musculature and injury risk is not clear. The aim of this musculoskeletal simulation study was to determine the effect of hip abductor fatigue-induced weakness on ACL loading, force production of lower extremity muscles, and lower extremity biomechanics during single-leg landing.

The effects of visual biofeedback and visual biofeedback scale size on single limb balance.

Background: Controlling postural sway relies on the assessment and integration of external sensory stimuli by the central nervous system. When there is a loss of one or more of the sensory stimuli, there is often a decrease in balance performance. Visual biofeedback (VBF) has become a popular method to improve balance because of the supplementation to natural visual information with visual cues of the center of pressure.

The Effect of Split-Belt Treadmill Interventions on Step Length Asymmetry in Individuals Poststroke: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Background: Individuals poststroke experience gait asymmetries that result in decreased community ambulation and a lower quality of life. A variety of studies have utilized split-belt treadmill training to investigate its effect on gait asymmetry, but many employ various methodologies that report differing results.

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the effects of split-belt treadmill walking on step length symmetry in individuals poststroke both during and following training.

Comparison of Biomechanical Factors Before and After UCL Surgery in Baseball Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis.

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction (UCLR) and repair (UCLr) are the gold standards in the treatment of UCL injuries. Although return-to-play timelines after UCLR have been established, pitching biomechanical variables are speculated to change after surgical intervention.

Purpose/hypothesis: To synthesize the literature and investigate changes in pitching biomechanics in baseball pitchers after UCLR or UCLr.

Paid Sick Leave and Healthcare Utilization in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Context: The U.S. is the only industrialized country in the world with no national policy mandating paid sick leave for workers.

Return-to-Play and Competitive Outcomes After Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction Among Baseball Players: A Systematic Review.

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction (UCLR) is very common in baseball. However, no review has compared the return-to-play (RTP) and in-game performance statistics of pitchers after primary and revision UCLR as well as of position players after UCLR.

Purpose: To review, synthesize, and evaluate the published literature on outcomes after UCLR in baseball players to determine RTP and competitive outcomes among various populations of baseball players.

Cognitive Loading Produces Similar Change in Postural Stability in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability and Controls.

Purpose: While postural stability is compromised in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI), few studies have attempted to examine how performing simultaneous cognitive and balancing tasks may alter the complexity of the center of pressure. The purpose of this study was to compare postural stability in patients with CAI to controls during a dual-task condition via sample entropy.

Methods: Thirty participants (15 CAI, 15 healthy control) performed 3-trials of single-leg stance for 60-seconds each under two different conditions: single-task and dual-task (serial subtraction).

Clinical management of tendinopathy: A systematic review of systematic reviews evaluating the effectiveness of tendinopathy treatments.

While the pathoetiology is disputed, a wide array of treatments is available to treat tendinopathy. The most common treatments found in the literature include therapeutic modalities, exercise protocols, and surgical interventions; however, their effectiveness remains ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of systematic reviews to determine the ability of therapeutic interventions to improve pain and dysfunction in patients with tendinopathy regardless of type or location.

Does the Method of Administration Affect Reliability of the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure?

Background: Region-specific patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are commonly used in rehabilitation medicine. Digital versions of PROs may be implemented into electronic medical records and are also commonly used in research, but the validity of this method of administration (MOA) must be established.

Purpose: To determine the agreement between and compare the test-retest reliability of a paper version (FAAM-P) and digital version (FAAM-D) of the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM).

Males with chronic ankle instability demonstrate deficits in neurocognitive function compared to control and copers.

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were neurocognitive deficits among controls, copers and those with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Participants included those without history of ankle injury (n = 14), ankle sprain copers (n = 13) and patients with self-reported CAI (n = 14). They completed a battery of valid and reliable computer-based neurocognitive tests.

Bimanual load carriage alters sway patterns and step width.

Many workplace falls occur during tasks involving carrying a load with both hands. Successful balance and gait during bimanual load carrying may be attributed to the adaptability of a system to navigate changing environments (e.g.

Comparison of shoulder range of motion, strength, and upper quarter dynamic balance between NCAA division I overhead athletes with and without a history of shoulder injury.

Objective: To determine differences in shoulder range of motion, strength, and upper quarter dynamic balance between collegiate overhead athletes with and without a history of a shoulder injury.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Athletic training clinic.

Ability of Functional Performance Tests to Identify Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to determine the effectiveness of functional performance tests (FPTs) in differentiating between individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and healthy controls.

Data Sources: The National Library of Medicine Catalog (PubMed), the Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and the SPORTDiscus, from inception to June 2017 were searched. Search terms consisted of: "Functional Performance Test*" OR "Dynamic Balance Test*" OR "Postural Stability Test*" OR "Star Excursion Balance Test*" OR "Hop Test*" AND "Ankle Instability" OR "Ankle Sprain.

The reliability and validity of a digital version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool.

Purpose: The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool is a common patient reported outcome used to assess those with Chronic Ankle Instability. However, paper versions of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool have only been assessed for reliability purposes. The purpose of this study was to assess the agreement and reliability of a digital version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool-Digital.

The effect of telehealth interventions on quality of life of cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effect of telehealth interventions to usual care for cancer survivors' quality of life. A comprehensive search of four different databases was conducted. Manuscripts were included if they assessed telehealth interventions and usual care for adult cancer survivors and reported a measure of quality of life.

Alterations in Cortical Activation Among Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability During Single-Limb Postural Control.

Context: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is characterized by repetitive ankle sprains and perceived instability. Whereas the underlying cause of CAI is disputed, alterations in cortical motor functioning may contribute to the perceived dysfunction.

Objective: To assess differences in cortical activity during single-limb stance among control, coper, and CAI groups.