A potentially endangered new species of the genus Rowlandius (Arachnida: Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from Northeastern Brazil.

A new species of schizomid, Rowlandius ufpi sp. nov., is described based on individuals collected in gallery and riverine forests in a Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone in northeastern Brazil.

Pharmacogenetics of tuberculosis treatment toxicity and effectiveness in a large Brazilian cohort.

Background: Genetic polymorphisms have been associated with risk of antituberculosis treatment toxicity. We characterized associations with adverse events and treatment failure/recurrence among adults treated for tuberculosis in Brazil.

Methods: Participants were followed in Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil.

Extensive low-density Plasmodium falciparum reservoir in the island of Príncipe, an isolated malaria pre-elimination setting.

Objectives: The isolated Príncipe is at the malaria pre-elimination stage. Autochthonous clinical cases have been reported sporadically on the island, signaling the possibility of a sizable subpatent (i.e.

and Sequence Variations in Brazilian Asthmatic Patients.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory condition, characterized by variable airflow limitation, leading to clinical symptoms such as dyspnea and chest tightness. These symptoms result from an underlying inflammatory process. The β2 agonists are bronchodilators prescribed for the relief of the disease.

Factors Affecting Usage of a Digital Asthma Monitoring Application by Old-Age Asthmatics Living in Inner Central Portugal.

Purpose: To analyse factors affecting the ability to use the digital asthma monitoring application Mask-Air in old-age individuals living in inland Portugal.

Patients And Methods: In this observational study, patients with medically confirmed asthma who agreed to participate were interviewed and subdivided into Non-users Group: those who could not use the application and Users Group: those who could. Sociodemographic and psychological data, comorbidities, and asthma status were compared between groups.

Two new species of Fernandezina Birabn, 1951 (Araneae, Palpimanidae) from cave and epigean habitats in Brazil.

The South American palpimanid genus Fernandezina Birabn currently comprises 15 described species, all known from epigean environments. Representatives of Fernandezina are easily recognized by the unexpanded femora I in both sexes and by the dorsally extended opisthosomal scutum in males. Herein, F.

The desert wolf-spider genus Xenoctenus: two endemic species from the Brazilian Caatinga, and a redescription of the type-species, X. unguiculatus (Araneae: Xenoctenidae).

The Caatinga is a nucleus of seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) known as a hotspot of diversification and endemism. Despite its importance, this biome is still insufficiently sampled, resulting in extensive knowledge gaps regarding its species richness and composition. In this study we report two species of Xenoctenidae that are endemic to, and widely distributed in the Caatinga.

Human N-acetyltransferase 2 () gene variability in Brazilian populations from different geographical areas.

Several polymorphisms altering the activity have already been identified. The geographical distribution of variants has been extensively studied and has been demonstrated to vary significantly among different ethnic population. Here, we describe the genetic variability of human N-acetyltransferase 2 () gene and the predominant genotype-deduced acetylation profiles of Brazilians.

Pharmacogenetics of tuberculosis treatment toxicity and effectiveness in a large Brazilian cohort.

Background: Genetic polymorphisms have been associated with risk of anti-tuberculosis treatment toxicity. We characterized associations with adverse events and treatment failure/recurrence among adults treated for tuberculosis in Brazil.

Methods: Participants were followed in Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil.

Twenty years, eight legs, one concept: describing spider biodiversity in Zootaxa (Arachnida: Araneae).

Zootaxa published more than a thousand papers on Araneae from 2002 to the present, including descriptions of 3,833 new spider species and 177 new genera. Here we summarise the key contributions of Zootaxa to our current knowledge of global spider diversity. We provide a historical account of the researchers that have actively participated as editors, and recognize the more than 1,000 reviewers without whom none of this would have been possible.

Prevalence of Mycobacterium leprae in armadillos in Brazil: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Understanding the prevalence of M. leprae infection in armadillos is important because of evidence from Brazil and other countries of an association between contact with armadillos and the development of Hansen's Disease (leprosy). Our aim was to characterize studies which have investigated natural M.

Global Diversification of Anelosimus Spiders Driven by Long-Distance Overwater Dispersal and Neogene Climate Oscillations.

Vicariance and dispersal events, combined with intricate global climatic history, have left an imprint on the spatiotemporal distribution and diversity of many organisms. Anelosimus cobweb spiders (Theridiidae), are organisms ranging in behavior from solitary to highly social, with a cosmopolitan distribution in temperate to tropical areas. Their evolutionary history and the discontinuous distribution of species richness suggest that 1) long-distance overwater dispersal and 2) climate change during the Neogene (23-2.

Revision of the crab-spiders of the genus Runcinioides Mello-Leitão, 1929 (Araneae, Thomisidae).

The genus Runcinioides is revised, including the redescription of R. argenteus Mello-Leitão, 1929 and R. litteratus (Piza, 1933).

Modelling Highly Biodiverse Areas in Brazil.

Traditional conservation techniques for mapping highly biodiverse areas assume there to be satisfactory knowledge about the geographic distribution of biodiversity. There are, however, large gaps in biological sampling and hence knowledge shortfalls. This problem is even more pronounced in the tropics.

The spider family Oecobiidae in Madagascar, including four new species and a new record.

Four new species of Oecobiidae Blackwall, 1862 are described based on specimens collected in the Madagascan provinces of Toliara, Mahajanga and Antsiranana. Oecobius kowalskii sp. nov.

Systematics and evolution of ground spiders revisited (Araneae, Dionycha, Gnaphosidae).

Gnaphosidae Pocock are a very diverse spider family with remarkable spinning organ morphology. Although the family has received intense taxonomic attention in recent years, its intergeneric relationships remain obscure. A phylogenetic analysis of Gnaphosidae genera was performed to untangle the evolutionary history of the family.

Morphology and taxonomy of the orb-weaving spider genus Mecynogea, and a peculiar species of Argiope (Araneae, Araneidae).

The spider genus Mecynogea comprises nine species distributed predominantly in the Neotropics. Although the genus has been revised recently, several aspects of its taxonomy and morphology are still unresolved. In this paper, Mecynogea infelix (Soares Camargo, 1948) is removed from the synonymy of Mecynogea bigibba Simon, 1903 and redescribed.