A Study of Glabellar Contraction Patterns in African Descendants.

Background: Botulinum toxin is a well-established treatment for dynamic glabellar lines. Glabellar contraction patterns were described previously in the general Brazilian population and also among Koreans, Chinese, and Indian individuals. So far, no study has addressed glabellar contraction "patterns" in Black subjects.

Treating the Latin American Aesthetic Patient: A Review.

The rich and diverse heritage of Latin American people contributes to a large variety of physical features, which translates to a patient population with a range of motivations for seeking cosmetic procedures and unique perspectives that influence their aesthetic preferences. As there is no one standard of beauty, it is important for physicians to understand the various factors that influence their patients' perceptions of beauty and desires to seek cosmetic treatment, especially because patient preference may differ from the physician perspective. Physicians in Latin America must consider the demographic, ethnic, and cultural factors that influence their patients to ensure culturally sensitive treatment approaches, natural-looking results, and patient satisfaction.

Women in Dermatology: Considerations over Their Recognition and Prominence.

According to the Federal Council of Medicine's demographic data from 2020, the medical specialty with the highest number of women is dermatology; with 77.9% within the total of 9,078 specialists. The male/female ratio is 0.

Advanced Injection of Botulinum Toxin in the Nasal Muscles: A Novel Dynamic Change in Facial Expression.

Background: Among the nasal muscles, the levator labii superior alaeque nasi (LLSAN) acts as a transitional muscle that conjugates with other nasal and perinasal muscles. Thus, when treating the nasal region with Botulinum toxin (BTX), it is important to understand local nasal muscular dynamics and how they can influence the muscular dynamics of the entire face.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of cases treated by an injection pattern encompassing the face, including nasal muscles.

Efficacy and Tolerability of Hyperdiluted Calcium Hydroxylapatite (Radiesse) for Neck Rejuvenation: Clinical and Ultrasonographic Assessment.

Background: The subdermal injection of calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) can improve the mechanical properties of the skin, providing immediate correction and stimulating the endogenous production of collagen, elastin, angiogenesis, and dermal cell proliferation; however, few studies have examined the neck region.

Purpose: This study assessed the clinical and ultrasonographic improvement induced by two sessions of subdermal injection of hyperdiluted (1:4) CaHA for neck rejuvenation in 22 women.

Patients And Methods: A quasi-experimental longitudinal trial (before and after) was performed by enrolling 22 adult women with mild and moderate neck aging (grades 1 and 2) on Merz Neck Volume Scale at rest (laxity) and Neck Horizontal Lines.

Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Two Injection Techniques of IncobotulinumtoxinA for Axillary Hyperhidrosis.

Background: Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is an effective treatment for axillary hyperhidrosis (AH) typically applied by multiple injection punctures. Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of two BoNT-A injection techniques for AH. Methods: Randomized, evaluator-blinded trial, in which each axilla of the same patient received 50 U of incobotulinumtoxin A (IncoA; Xeomin), one injected intradermally using multiple punctures, the other subcutaneously by radial approach.

Primary treatment of early fistula of parotid duct with botulinum toxin type A injection.

Salivary duct injury can be idiopathic, iatrogenic, or post-trauma and may result in sialocele or fistula. Most injuries regress spontaneously and botulinum toxin A is one of several therapeutic possibilities. We report a case of iatrogenic injury to the parotid duct after Mohs' micographic surgery for a squamous cell carcinoma excision in the left jaw region, treated by injection of botulinum toxin type A.

Evolution of Facial Aesthetic Treatment Over Five or More Years: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Analysis of Continuous OnabotulinumtoxinA Treatment.

Background: Little information exists on how facial aesthetic treatments are incorporated into aesthetic regimens.

Objective: Assess the evolution of facial aesthetic treatments in patients receiving long-term continuous onabotulinumtoxinA treatment.

Methods: This international retrospective chart review included patients with ≥5 years of continuous onabotulinumtoxinA treatments including ≥1 glabellar lines treatment/year.

Botulinum toxin for axillary hyperhidrosis.

Botulinum toxin is a safe and effective treatment option for axillary hyperhidrosis. Although its pathophysiology is not clear and somewhat controversial, the beneficial effect of neuromodulators in inhibiting localized sweating temporarily is well known. Before the procedure, correct identification of the affected area is mandatory to avoid wastage of drug and neglect of target areas, and to enhance efficacy, as the hyperhidrotic location may not match the hairy axillary region.

Botulinum toxin A adjunctive use in manual chemabrasion: controlled long-term study for treatment of upper perioral vertical wrinkles.

Background: The treatment of perioral vertical wrinkles is a very common request from female patients as of their 40th decade of life. Actinic damage, cigarette smoking, loss of deep structures volume, sleep positions, orthodontic deformities, and dynamic components have been thought to cause this aesthetic problem.

Objective: The objective was to investigate the combination of botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) pretreatment of the orbicularis oris muscle with manual chemabrasion to increase its clinical efficacy in the therapy of upper perioral vertical rhytides.

Treatment of transverse overcurvature of the nail with a plastic device: measurement of response.

Background: Transverse overcurvature of the nail is a painful condition that has been treated by conservative and/or surgical methods.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate the efficacy of a plastic device for treatment of transverse overcurvature of the nail and to use a practical method (plaster mold) to evaluate follow-up of nail widening during and after treatment.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with transverse overcurvature of the nail were treated with placement of a plastic device.

Surgical treatment of facial acne scars based on morphologic classification: a Brazilian experience.

Background: Acne scar treatment remains a challenge in the medical literature. It is very difficult to compare the efficacy of different therapeutic approaches because of the lack of consensus regarding acne scar description and classification.

Objective: To establish a morphologic classification of acne scars and to assess the efficacy of different therapeutic options based on scar type.

Foam during reconstitution does not affect the potency of botulinum toxin type A.

Background: Among factors that may affect the potency of botulinum toxin A (Botox), it is said that foam, together with bubbles, may cause surface denaturation of the toxin.

Objective: To determine whether the muscle relaxation effect of Botox is preserved and has the same duration when it is reconstituted in the presence of foam.

Methods: Six female volunteers, aged 42 to 56 years old, were treated for glabellar and periocular wrinkles.