Serum Lipids Alterations in Patients Under Systemic JAK Inhibitors Treatments in Dermatology: Clinical Aspects and Management.

: Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have significantly advanced the treatment of various dermatological conditions by modulating the JAK-STAT signalling pathway. While these inhibitors have proven effective, they also pose challenges due to associated increase in serum lipid levels and relative potential cardiovascular risks. This perspective work aims to discuss the implications of these lipid alterations proposing management strategies for patients with dermatological disorders under JAKi treatments.

Prevalence of in Amphibians in Northwestern Italy's Protected Areas.

Chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungus (Bd), is a significant threat to global amphibian populations, leading to widespread declines and extinctions. In the spring of 2023, Bd presence was detected in different amphibian species within two protected areas near Turin, Piedmont, Italy, following an unusual mortality event among the common toad (). Histological and molecular analyses confirmed Bd infection in a deceased sp.

First Detection of in Domestic Dogs in Italy.

has been considered for a long time the only causal agent of lactococcosis. In recent years, different papers reported the involvement of other two bacterial species: and . A different host tropism has been described for these species where and are predominant species in fish and humans' infections, while in bovine.

Herpesvirus surveillance in stranded striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) and bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from Italy with emphasis on neuropathological characterization.

Herpesvirus (HV) is widely distributed among cetacean populations, with the highest prevalence reported in the Mediterranean Sea. In this study, a comprehensive analysis was conducted, including epidemiological, phylogenetic, and pathological aspects, with particular emphasis on neuropathology, to better understand the impact of HV in these animals. Our results show a higher presence of HV in males compared to females, with males exhibiting a greater number of positive tissues.

Characterisation of European Field Goat Prion Isolates in Ovine PrP Overexpressing Transgenic Mice (Tgshp IX) Reveals Distinct Prion Strains.

After the detection of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), and a zoonotic transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) caused by the pathological prion protein (PrP) in two goats, the investigation of goat prions became of greater interest. Therefore, a broad collection of European goat TSE isolates, including atypical scrapie, CH1641 and goat BSE as reference prion strains were biochemically characterised and subsequently inoculated into seven rodent models for further analysis (already published results of this comprehensive study are reviewed here for comparative reasons). We report here the histopathological and immunohistochemical data of this goat TSE panel, obtained after the first passage in Tgshp IX (tg-shARQ) mice, which overexpress the ovine prion protein.

Multiplex PCR assay for the accurate and rapid detection and differentiation of Lactococcus garvieae and L. petauri.

Lactococcosis is a common bacterial fish disease caused by Lactococcus garvieae, L. petauri and L. formosensis.

First report of recurrent parthenogenesis as an adaptive reproductive strategy in the endangered common smooth-hound shark Mustelus mustelus.

Parthenogenesis, or virgin birth, describes a mode of reproduction where an egg develops into an offspring without fertilization, and is observed across various vertebrate taxa, excluding mammals. Obligate parthenogenesis, found in around 100 vertebrate species and 1000 invertebrate species, is relatively rare. Conversely, facultative parthenogenesis, where females can reproduce both sexually and parthenogenetically, is observed in some vertebrates, including elasmobranchs.

A Case of Food-Borne Salmonellosis in a Corn Snake () after a Feeder Mouse Meal.

Reptiles are usually asymptomatic carriers of , with the manifestation of typical clinical signs of acute forms in adult and non-immunocompromised animals being considered exceptions. In the present case, an adult male corn snake () was found dead due to septic shock 48 h after consuming a feeder mouse purchased online. The snake's tissue samples and faeces were cultured for bacteria isolation.

First record of Aedes japonicus in Liguria region, Northwest of Italy.

Aedes japonicus is an invasive Asian mosquito species, and to date it is widespread in many European countries. In Italy, it was first recorded in 2015 at the Austrian border and it then spread throughout the Northeast of the country. In 2019, it was also identified in Piedmont region, near the Swiss border.

Application of Microsatellites to Trace the Dairy Products Back to the Farm of Origin.

The increasing number of food frauds, mainly targeting high quality products, is a rising concern among producers and authorities appointed to food controls. Therefore, the development or implementation of methods to reveal frauds is desired. The genetic traceability of traditional or high-quality dairy products (i.

First Report of Human Urinary Tract Infection Caused by .

is a recently described species of the genus . It was reported as an etiological agent of piscine lactococcosis together with . was already described as an opportunistic pathogen in human infections, with a potential zoonotic role.

Epidemiological and genetic analysis of Cetacean Morbillivirus circulating on the Italian coast between 2018 and 2021.

Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV) has caused several outbreaks, unusual mortality events, and interepidemic single-lethal disease episodes in the Mediterranean Sea. Since 2012, a new strain with a northeast (NE) Atlantic origin has been circulating among Mediterranean cetaceans, causing numerous deaths. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of CeMV in cetaceans stranded in Italy between 2018 and 2021 and characterize the strain of CeMV circulating.

The Gut Microbiota of Farmed and Wild Brook Trout (): Evaluation of Feed-Related Differences Using 16S rRNA Gene Metabarcoding.

The gut microbiota has become a topic of increasing importance in various fields, including aquaculture. Several fish species have been the subject of investigations concerning the intestinal microbiota, which have compared different variables, including the intestinal portions, the environment, and diet. In this study, the microbiota of farmed and wild brook trout () were analyzed, in which the wall and content of the medial portion of the intestine were considered separately.

16S-23S rRNA Internal Transcribed Spacer Region () Sequencing: A Potential Molecular Diagnostic Tool for Differentiating and .

is the etiological agent of lactococcosis, a clinically and economically significant infectious disease affecting farmed rainbow trout. had been considered the only cause of lactococcosis for a long time; however, , another species of the genus , has lately been linked to the same disease. The genomes and biochemical profiles of and have a high degree of similarity.

Renal carcinoma with metastatic spread in a tiger (Panthera tigris): morphological and immunohistochemical study.

A 12‑year‑old intact male Panthera tigris presented with pain and weight loss was euthanatized. Necroscopical examination revealed a neoplastic mass expanding to the left renal pelvis with metastatic dissemination to local lymph node, adrenal gland, and lung. Immunohistochemical characterization was performed revealing co‑expression of both cytokeratin and vimentin and negativity for both PAX8 and c‑KIT.

A multidisciplinary approach to estimating wolf population size for long-term conservation.

The wolf (Canis lupus) is among the most controversial of wildlife species. Abundance estimates are required to inform public debate and policy decisions, but obtaining them at biologically relevant scales is challenging. We developed a system for comprehensive population estimation across the Italian alpine region (100,000 km ), involving 1513 trained operators representing 160 institutions.

First Report of Swinepox in a Wild Boar in Italy: Pathologic and Molecular Findings.

Swinepox virus (SWPV) is responsible for sporadic acute poxvirus infections in swine worldwide, causing a pathognomonic eruptive proliferative dermatitis. Beside direct and congenital transmission, the pig louse acts as a mechanical vector and favors virus infection through skin lesions. Infections are generally described in domestic pigs, while only a few cases have been reported in wild boars, in Austria and Germany.

Immune profiling of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to Lactococcus garvieae: Evidence in asymptomatic versus symptomatic or vaccinated fish.

Lactococcosis, caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Lactococcus garvieae, is a major concern in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms, which are regularly affected by outbreaks especially during the summer/fall months. In these farms, unvaccinated healthy and symptomatic fish can coexist with vaccinated fish. In the present study, innate (leukogram, serum lysozyme activity, peroxidase activity, antiprotease activity, bactericidal activity, total IgM and total proteins), and specific immune parameters (serum antibodies to L.

Interdisciplinary approach to solve unusual mortalities in the European common frog (Rana temporaria) in two high-mountain ponds affected by climate change.

The global decline in amphibian populations is a major environmental issue. Chytridiomycosis, Ranaviruses and the red-leg syndrome have been identified in unusual mortality events. However, these infections do not account for all causes of declining amphibian populations.

Analysis of the bacterial communities associated with pupae and winged or wingless adults of Lipoptena fortisetosa collected from cervids in Italy.

The hippoboscid Lipoptena fortisetosa Maa, 1965 is a hematophagous ectoparasite of cervids that can bite humans. This fly is expanding its geographical range and is of concern for animal and human health since it can potentially harbour harmful microorganisms. This study was aimed at characterizing the bacterial communities of L.

Molecular and serological investigation of Hepatitis E virus in pigs slaughtered in Northwestern Italy.

Background: Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is recently considered an emerging public health concern. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 are widely distributed and pathogenic only for humans. In contrast, HEV, genotypes 3 and 4 are observed in swine, deer, wild boars and rabbits and can also be transmitted to humans.

What Can Genetics Do for the Control of Infectious Diseases in Aquaculture?

Infectious diseases place an economic burden on aquaculture and a limitation to its growth. An innovative approach to mitigate their impact on production is breeding for disease resistance: selection for domestication, family-based selection, marker-assisted selection, and more recently, genomic selection. Advances in genetics and genomics approaches to the control of infectious diseases are key to increasing aquaculture efficiency, profitability, and sustainability and to reducing its environmental footprint.

Discrimination between Wild and Farmed Sea Bass by Using New Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Methods.

European sea bass ( L.) is one of the most economically important fish species in the Mediterranean Sea area. Despite strict requirements regarding indications of production method (wild/farmed), incorrect labelling of sea bass is a practice still frequently detected.