The Changing pathogenesis of liver cancer in Hawaii over three decades.

Background: Worldwide trends support the increasing contribution of hepatic steatosis on the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigates if similar changes are seen in Hawaii, where the incidence of HCC is higher than most of the United States. Methods; This is a retrospective study of 1651 patients diagnosed with HCC (1991-2023) that includes 60-70% of Hawaii's HCC cases.

Phase 3 Trial of Cabozantinib to Treat Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Background: Treatment options for patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors are limited. The efficacy of cabozantinib in the treatment of previously treated, progressive extrapancreatic or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors is unclear.

Methods: We enrolled two independent cohorts of patients - those with extrapancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and those with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors - who had received peptide receptor radionuclide therapy or targeted therapy or both.

Racial and survival disparities in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and non-IBC: a population-based study focused on Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders.

Background: It is well known that race is an independent predictor of breast cancer mortality and advanced stage at diagnosis. Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive type of breast cancer and has distinct clinical and biological features. Previous studies have shown that Blacks have a higher incidence of IBC than Whites.

Tonsillar Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

A 63-year-old male with stage IV hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accompanied by lung and adrenal metastases, presented with oral bleeding. Physical examination disclosed bleeding from the tonsillar mass. A head and neck computed tomography identified a 2.

Patient-Reported Financial Burden of Treatment for Colon or Rectal Cancer.

Importance: The longitudinal experience of patients is critical to the development of interventions to identify and reduce financial hardship.

Objective: To evaluate financial hardship over 12 months in patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing curative-intent therapy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, longitudinal cohort study was conducted between May 2018 and July 2020, with time points over 12 months.

American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline on role of endoscopy in the diagnosis of malignancy in biliary strictures of undetermined etiology: methodology and review of evidence.

Biliary strictures of undetermined etiology pose a diagnostic challenge for endoscopists. Despite advances in technology, diagnosing malignancy in biliary strictures often requires multiple procedures. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to rigorously review and synthesize the available literature on strategies used to diagnose undetermined biliary strictures.

American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline on the role of endoscopy in the diagnosis of malignancy in biliary strictures of undetermined etiology: summary and recommendations.

This clinical practice guideline from the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy provides an evidence-based approach for the diagnosis of malignancy in patients with biliary strictures of undetermined etiology. This document was developed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework and addresses the role of fluoroscopic-guided biopsy sampling, brush cytology, cholangioscopy, and EUS in the diagnosis of malignancy in patients with biliary strictures. In the endoscopic workup of these patients, we suggest the use of fluoroscopic-guided biopsy sampling in addition to brush cytology over brush cytology alone, especially for hilar strictures.

The Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use on Survival of Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Study of a Racially Diverse Population.

Introduction Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is increasing in the general population. Chronic PPI use can lead to hypergastrinemia, which has been purported to increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Several studies have failed to report any association between PPI use and the risk of CRC.

Overcoming racial disparities in cancer clinical trial enrollment of Asians and Native Hawaiians.

Background: Asians and Native Hawaiians are two of the fastest growing minority populations in the United States, however these racial minority groups are severely underrepresented in clinical trials. This study looks at cancer clinical trial accrual among Asians and Native Hawaiians in a community-based network with a mission of increasing minority accrual to studies.

Methods: The University of Hawaii Cancer Center (UHCC) network enrolls patients to treatment and non-treatment cancer studies.

Racial Disparities in Patient-Provider Communication During Telehealth Visits Versus Face-to-face Visits Among Asian and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Patients With Cancer: Cross-sectional Analysis.

Background: Telehealth visits increase patients' access to care and are often rated as "just as good" as face-to-face visits by oncology patients. Telehealth visits have become increasingly more common in the care of patients with cancer since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Asians and Pacific Islanders are two of the fastest growing racial groups in the United States, but there are few studies assessing patient satisfaction with telemedicine among these two racial groups.

Pancreatic cancer among Pacific Islanders: a comprehensive analysis of an understudied racial group.

Objective: Racial disparities in care and outcome have been demonstrated for several cancers, but it is not clear that a similar discrepancy exists for pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, there are limited data describing the pancreatic cancer experience of Pacific Islanders. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of Pacific Islander patients with pancreatic cancer.

Patient Understanding of Oncologic Radiology Reports: Is Access to Electronic Medical Records Helpful?

Access to electronic medical record (EMR) patient portals made it easier for patients to quickly acquire the results of their radiology studies. However, there is little research on how well oncology patients understand the findings of radiology reports presented in the online portal without patient-physician discussion. This study assessed oncology patients' confidence and accuracy in interpreting radiology reports either with or without layman translations.

FOLFOXIRI in Pregnant Women with Colorectal Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) in pregnancy is rare and often presents at a late stage due to the masking of signs by pregnancy. A typical chemotherapeutic regimen for stage III and IV CRC comprised 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin. The treatment of CRC during pregnancy is complicated owing to the potential risk of teratogenicity with chemotherapy, especially in the first trimester.

Impact of Breast Cancer Awareness Month on Public Interest in the United States between 2012 and 2021: A Google Trends Analysis.

Breast Cancer Awareness Month (BCAM) has a long history of over 30 years, established in 1985 to occur every October, and the National Breast Cancer Foundation now leads the operation. There have been no studies to evaluate the impact of the BCAM on public awareness of breast cancer. We analyzed the impact of BCAM on public awareness of breast cancer in the U.

Pre-Diagnosis Aspirin Use Has No Effect on Overall Survival in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Study of a Multi-Racial Population.

Introduction Aspirin has been associated with a reduction in mortality in patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC). A possible mechanism for this is related to the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint pathway. Aspirin may have a synergistic effect with PD-1 inhibitors via inhibition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, which can reverse the ability of tumor cells to evade the immune system.

Phase Ib study of patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer treated with different sequencing regimens of atezolizumab and sipuleucel-T.

Background: Combining an immune checkpoint inhibitor with a tumor vaccine may modulate the immune system to leverage complementary mechanisms of action that lead to sustained T-cell activation and a potent prolonged immunotherapeutic response in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Methods: Subjects with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic mCRPC were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either atezolizumab followed by sipuleucel-T (Arm 1) or sipuleucel-T followed by atezolizumab (Arm 2). The primary endpoint was safety, while secondary endpoints included preliminary clinical activity such as objective tumor response and systemic immune responses that could identify key molecular and immunological changes associated with sequential administration of atezolizumab and sipuleucel-T.

Transarterial Radioembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Major Vascular Invasion: A Nationwide Propensity Score-Matched Analysis with Target Trial Emulation.

Purpose: To examine National Cancer Database (NCDB) data to comparatively evaluate overall survival (OS) between patients undergoing transarterial radioembolization (TARE) and those undergoing systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with major vascular invasion (HCC-MVI).

Methods: One thousand five hundred fourteen patients with HCC-MVI undergoing first-line TARE or systemic therapy were identified from the NCDB. OS was compared using propensity score-matched Cox regression and landmark analysis.

A 95-gene signature stratifies recurrence risk of invasive disease in ER-positive, HER2-negative, node-negative breast cancer with intermediate 21-gene signature recurrence scores.

Purpose: A subset of patients with intermediate 21-gene signature assay recurrence score may benefit from adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy, but a predictive strategy is needed to identify such patients. The 95-gene signature assay was tested to stratify patients with intermediate RS into high (95GC-H) and low (95GC-L) groups that were associated with invasive recurrence risk.

Methods: Patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative, node-negative breast cancer and RS 11-25 who underwent definitive surgery and adjuvant endocrine therapy without any cytotoxic agents were included.

Telehealth amid the COVID-19 pandemic: perception among Asian, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander cancer patients.

To assess the perception of telehealth visits among a multiracial cancer population during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient cancer clinics in Hawaii between March and August 2020. Patients were invited to participate in the survey either by phone or email.

Association of clinical factors and recent anticancer therapy with COVID-19 severity among patients with cancer: a report from the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium.

Background: Patients with cancer may be at high risk of adverse outcomes from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We analyzed a cohort of patients with cancer and coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) reported to the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) to identify prognostic clinical factors, including laboratory measurements and anticancer therapies.

Patients And Methods: Patients with active or historical cancer and a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis recorded between 17 March and 18 November 2020 were included.