Noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of the spleen: III. Development of innervation in the rat spleen.

The ontogeny of noradrenergic innervation and its compartmental development were studied in the rat spleen using glyoxylic acid histofluorescence and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Noradrenergic nerves were present at birth in bundles adjacent to the splenic artery and vein. On days 1-3, fluorescent profiles largely were associated with the vasculature and with the perivascular zone.

Noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of the spleen: I. Nerve fibers associate with lymphocytes and macrophages in specific compartments of the splenic white pulp.

Sympathetic noradrenergic nerve fibers, stained with antiserum for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), richly innervate the splenic white pulp. These fibers distribute with the vascular and trabecular systems, and associate mainly with the central artery and its branches, the periarteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS), the marginal sinus, and the parafollicular zone, with occasional delicate fibers also present in the follicles. Simultaneous staining of TH-positive nerve fibers and markers for specific lymphoid cells has shown several regions of contact between nerves and lymphocytes or macrophages.

Dynamics of REM sleep in narcolepsy.

The discovery of sleep onset REM periods (SOREMPs) in narcolepsy first suggested the important role of REM sleep in the disorder. We have conducted a series of studies exploring factors that affect the onset and termination of REM sleep in narcolepsy. Following a preliminary study of REM sleep deprivation, we compared the sleep onset response of narcoleptic and normal subjects to awakenings at REM sleep onsets and awakenings during NREM sleep.

Lymphocyte sub-population counts after a single 40 mg administration of piroxicam in 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A placebo-controlled study.

Patients with active rheumatoid arthritis are characterized by a decrease in the number of circulating T-suppressor lymphocytes (identified by OKT8), resulting in an imbalance between helper (identified by OKT4) and suppressor cells. Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent which modulates lymphocytic functions, especially by reducing the concentration of the rheumatoid factor in vitro and in vivo. A double-blind placebo-controlled study was performed in 20 patients suffering from active RA to investigate the acute effect of a single administration of piroxicam 40 mg on the number of circulating OKT3, T4, T8 and IA1 positive cells.

Physiological and performance characteristics of United States championship class orienteers.

The purpose of this investigation was to study the anaerobic and aerobic power of female and male United States championship orienteers and relate these data to competitive performance. In addition, it was considered valuable to obtain a general physical description of the athletes. Anthropometrically, neither the females (n=5) nor the males (n=13) conformed to a somatotype classification typical of endurance athletes.