Impact of Repeated Doses of Subcutaneous Esketamine on Acute Dissociative Symptoms in Treatment-Resistant Depression.

Background: Esketamine has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an adjunctive treatment for use in conjunction with an oral antidepressant for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but dissociative symptoms are common adverse effects.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 394 subcutaneous esketamine injections given to 70 patients with TRD that were administered once a week during a six-week trial in conjunction with oral antidepressant therapy. Doses between 0.

The probability of response after each subcutaneous injection of esketamine in treatment-resistant depression.

Introduction: The administration of multiple esketamine doses has shown efficacy for unipolar and bipolar treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Nevertheless, the probability of responding or not after each dose in the real-world remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate it throughout four doses of esketamine, administrated via subcutaneous (SC).

Subcutaneous Ketamine in Depression: A Systematic Review.

Ketamine has been shown to produce a rapid and robust antidepressant effect. Though numerous routes of administration have been studied, subcutaneous (SC) has proven to be a convenient and cost-effective route making its use particularly relevant in developing countries. Here we provide a systematic review covering the use of SC racemic ketamine and esketamine in depression, including its efficacy, safety and tolerability.

The probability of response after each subcutaneous injection of esketamine in treatment-resistant depression.

Introduction: The administration of multiple esketamine doses has shown efficacy for unipolar and bipolar treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Nevertheless, the probability of responding or not after each dose in the real-world remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate it throughout four doses of esketamine, administrated via subcutaneous (SC).

Effects of subcutaneous esketamine on blood pressure and heart rate in treatment-resistant depression.

Introduction And Objectives: The impact of multiple subcutaneous (s.c.) esketamine injections on the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) of patients with unipolar and bipolar treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is poorly understood.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in elderly with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot study.

Unlabelled: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive, painless and easy-to use-technology. It can be used in depression, schizophrenia and other neurological disorders. There are no studies about longer usage protocols regarding the ideal duration and weekly frequency of tDCS.

Efficacy of topiramate in the treatment of crack cocaine dependence: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: We performed a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of topiramate in the treatment of crack cocaine dependence.

Method: Sixty men who were dependent on cocaine (DSM-IV) (exclusive use of crack cocaine) were selected. The subjects were randomly assigned to either a topiramate group (subjects received 50-200 mg of topiramate per day for 12 weeks) or a control group (subjects received placebo).

Cannabidiol and Sodium Nitroprusside: Two Novel Neuromodulatory Pharmacological Interventions to Treat and Prevent Psychosis.

Since most patients with schizophrenia do not respond properly to treatment, scientific effort has been driven to the development of new compounds acting on pharmacological targets beyond the dopaminergic system. Therefore, the aim is to review basic and clinical research findings from studies evaluating the effects of cannabidiol (CBD), an inhibitor of the reuptake and metabolism of anandamide and several other effects on nervous system, and sodium nitroprusside, a nitric oxide donor, on the prevention and treatment of psychosis. Animal and human research supports that CBD and sodium nitroprusside might be effective in the prevention and treatment of psychosis in general and especially in schizophrenia.

Default mode network maturation and psychopathology in children and adolescents.

Background: The human default mode (DMN) is involved in a wide array of mental disorders. Current knowledge suggests that mental health disorders may reflect deviant trajectories of brain maturation.

Method: We studied 654 children using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans under a resting-state protocol.

Reduction of anterior cingulate in adults with urban violence-related PTSD.

Background: To evaluate differences in limbic structure volume of subjects exposed to urban violence during adulthood, between those who developed posttraumatic stress disorder (with PTSD) and resilient matched controls (without PTSD).

Methods: Limbic volumetric measures of 32 subjects with PTSD and 32 subjects without PTSD who underwent brain MRI were analyzed in an epidemiological study in the city of Sao Paulo. The hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate, and parahipocampal gyri volumes were estimated using FreeSurfer software.

Cerebellar volume in patients with dementia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the cerebellar volume of subjects at different stages of Alzheimer's disease and to investigate whether volume reductions in this structure are related to cognitive decline.

Method: Ninety-six subjects from an epidemiological study were submitted to a magnetic resonance imaging scan and evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Functional Activities Questionnaire. Subjects were divided into five groups according to the Clinical Dementia Rating scale.

Neurostructural imaging findings in children with post-traumatic stress disorder: brief review.

Child maltreatment has been associated with different psychiatric disorders. Studies on both animals and humans have suggested that some brain areas would be directly affected by severe psychological trauma. The pathophysiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) appears to be related to a complex interaction involving genetic and environmental factors.

Factors influencing psychotropic prescription by non-psychiatrist physicians in a nursing home for the elderly in Brazil.

Context And Objective: Although psychotropics are one of the classes of medications most prescribed in nursing homes for the elderly, studies examining prescribing patterns are limited in both number and scope. The present study was undertaken to investigate factors associated with general psychotropic use in a nursing home in Brazil.

Design And Setting: Retrospective observational study at the Nursing Home for the Elderly, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista.

[Neuroimaging of the dopamine transporter in Parkinsons disease: first study using [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 and SPECT in Brazil].

Background: Dopamine transporter (DAT) neuroimaging radiotracers were developed to estimate dopamine neuronal loss in vivo in Parkinsons disease (PD).

Objective: To evaluate DAT density in vivo using [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 and single photon computerized tomography (SPECT) in a population of Brazilian PD.

Method: Fifteen PD patients and 15 matched healthy controls scanned with [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 (INER-Taiwan) and SPECT.