Publications by authors named "Achilles Vieira-Neto"
Mineral metabolism, in particular Ca, and to a lesser extent phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg), is altered with the onset of lactation because of extensive irreversible loss to synthesize colostrum and milk. The transient reduction in the concentration of Ca in blood, particularly when it lasts days, increases the risk of mineral-related disorders such as hypocalcemia and, to a lesser extent, hypophosphatemia. Although the incidence of clinical hypocalcemia can be reduced by prepartum dietary interventions, subclinical hypocalcemia remains prevalent, affecting up to 60% of the dairy cows in the first 3 d postpartum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Metritis in dairy cows is primarily caused by a polymicrobial infection, with new research questioning the significance of well-known pathogens like Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes, while highlighting emerging pathogens such as Bacteroides pyogenes, Porphyromonas levii, and Helcococcus ovis.
- In a study involving 39 cows, researchers classified them into three groups—Healthy, Metritis without fever (MNoFever), and Metritis with fever (MFever)—and measured both bacterial levels and rectal temperature.
- Results showed that both MNoFever and MFever cows had higher total bacterial counts and specific pathogens compared to Healthy cows, confirming the role of certain bacteria in
Broad-spectrum antibiotics such as ceftiofur and ampicillin are recommended for the treatment of metritis in dairy cows. Nonetheless, little is known about the impacts of antibiotics on the uterine microbiota. Here, we evaluated the shift in uterine microbiota after treating metritic cows with ceftiofur or ampicillin, and also gained insight into the uterine microbiota associated with cure of metritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Metritis is a uterine inflammation caused by bacteria, mainly from environmental sources, feces, or the vagina, with a hypothesis that blood may also carry bacteria after calving.
- A study analyzed bacteria in blood, feces, and uterine samples from cows at two postpartum days, finding distinct bacterial communities, particularly that uterine bacteria were more like fecal bacteria than vaginal or blood bacteria.
- Core bacterial genera shared across all samples included major uterine pathogens, and specific bacteria were found to be more abundant in the uterus, suggesting that blood microbiota interactions may play a crucial role in the disease's development.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate bacterial and host factors causing a fever in cows with metritis. For that, we investigated uterine microbiota using a metagenomic sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (Study 1), and immune response parameters (Study 2) in metritic cows with and without a fever.
Principal Findings (study1): Bacterial communities were similar between the MNoFever and MFever groups based on distance metrics of relative abundance of bacteria.
The objective was to identify a fat-to-protein ratio (FPR) cut-off to diagnose subclinical ketosis (SCK) and to evaluate the effect of propylene glycol (PPG) treatment of cows with high FPR. The optimized cut-off was > 1.42; sensitivity (Se) = 92%; specificity (Sp) = 65%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of this study was to evaluate the progression of the uterine microbiota from calving until establishment of metritis. Uterine swabs (n = 72) collected at 0, 2, and 6 ± 2 days postpartum (dpp) from 12 metritic and 12 healthy cows were used for metagenomic sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene on the Illumina MiSeq platform. A heat map showed that uterine microbiota was established at calving.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aims of this study were to determine occurrences of Neospora spp. IgG antibodies in horses from two geographical regions of the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, and identify risk factors for infection. Analyses were performed on 615 samples using the immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT ≥ 1:50).
View Article and Find Full Text PDF