Differences in drought avoidance rather than differences in the fast versus slow growth spectrum explain distributions of two Asclepias species.

Understanding factors that determine a species' geographical range is crucial for predicting climate-induced range shifts. Two milkweed species, Asclepias syriaca and Asclepias speciosa, have overlapping ranges along a moisture gradient in North America and are primary food sources for endangered monarch caterpillars. With decreasing moisture, long-lived species often exhibit slower growth and greater drought tolerance, while many annual species exhibit faster growth strategies.

Implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy among children living with diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients: A mixed methods study from Mumbai, India.

Background: Tuberculosis remains a significant public health issue, particularly among children who are in close contact with tuberculosis patients. India accounts for a large proportion of global tuberculosis cases. Despite global recommendations for Isoniazid Preventive Therapy to prevent latent tuberculosis infection from progressing to active disease, the initiation and adherence to Isoniazid Preventive Therapy remain suboptimal, especially in high-burden settings.

Atlas-scale single-cell DNA methylation profiling with sciMETv3.

Single-cell methods to assess DNA methylation have not achieved the same level of cell throughput per experiment compared to other modalities, with large-scale datasets requiring extensive automation, time, and other resources. Here, we describe sciMETv3, a combinatorial indexing-based technique that enables atlas-scale libraries to be produced in a single experiment. To reduce the sequencing burden, we demonstrate the compatibility of sciMETv3 with capture techniques to enrich regulatory regions, as well as the ability to leverage enzymatic conversion, which can yield higher library diversity.

Improving the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing machinery as a cancer therapeutic tool with the help of nanomedicine.

CRISPR-Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9) has revolutionized gene editing tools and paved the way for innovations in medical research for disease diagnosis and treatment. However, better specificity and efficient delivery of this gene machinery make it challenging to successfully edit genes for treating various diseases. This is mainly due to cellular barriers, instability in biological environments, and various off-target effects that prohibit safe and efficient delivery under in vivo conditions.

Induction of Oral Lichen Planus-like Histopathology in Mice.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T cell-mediated inflammatory mucosal disease of unknown etiology. The lack of suitable animal models has hampered understanding of its etiopathogenesis. This study aimed to clarify the contribution of bacterial infection and zinc deficiency (ZD) in OLP pathogenesis by developing a murine model.

Roles of metabotropic signaling of nicotine receptors in the development and maintenance of nicotine reward through regulation of dopamine D receptor expression.

The α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), an ionophore, has been suggested to signal through metabotropic pathways and interact with other receptor families, such as dopamine receptors. In this study, the interaction between α4β2 nAChR and dopamine receptors was investigated through in vivo and in vitro studies. Nicotine exposure in adolescent rats is known to induce a sustained increase in nicotine's rewarding effects which was assessed by conditioned place preference (CPP) assay.

Late Glacial summer paleohydrology across Central Europe.

It is generally accepted that a weakening of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation caused the Younger Dryas cooling. Although the role of seasonality was emphasized previously, this aspect is rarely considered yet, and it remains elusive how this impacted hydroclimate during winters and summers across Central Europe. Here, we coupled biomarker-based δO and δH from Bergsee in southern Germany to reconstruct deuterium excess as a proxy for evaporation history from the Bølling-Allerød to the Preboreal.

WEBINO: A unique neuro-ophthalmological manifestation of the unilateral mid-brain cerebrovascular event.

WEBINO (wall eye intranuclear ophthalmoplegia) is a specific type of neuroophthalmological condition that occurs due to a lesion in the MLF (medial longitudinal fasciculus), which causes unique symptoms characterized by bilateral adduction (inward movement of the eyes) impairment. Still, the abduction (outward movement of the eyes) may be preserved, and nystagmus during abduction is seen along with severe exotropia (outward movement of the eyes). In this case report, we report a 65-year-old male with a sudden onset of double vision, which he noticed while watching television, associated with a certain degree of vision loss and right-sided weakness of the body.

Comparison of Modified NeoPutty MTA, Biodentine, and Calcium Hydroxide in Indirect Pulp Therapy in Deciduous Teeth: An Clinical Study.

Background: Pulp capping is a vital dental procedure used to preserve the vitality of teeth affected by deep caries lesions without irreversible pulpitis. The use of modern bioceramic materials has enhanced the predictability of vital pulp therapy (VPT).

Aim: This study aimed to assess the clinical success of Biodentine, modified NeoPutty mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) as pulp capping materials for indirect pulp capping in carious primary teeth.

Protocol for the implementation and referral of the ecofit physical activity intervention within Diabetes Alliance Program Plus among regional, rural and remote people with type 2 diabetes in a primary care setting.

Background: This paper outlines the protocol for the ecofit implementation-effectiveness trial, a multi-component mobile Health (mHealth) intervention that aims to increase resistance and aerobic physical activity in primary care-based adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study will be conducted as part of the Diabetes Alliance Program Plus (DAP+), a large-scale integrated health service intervention in a large health district in Australia. The ecofit program has previously demonstrated efficacy and effectiveness in insufficiently active people with (or at risk of) T2D and community dwelling-adults, respectively.

Healthcare providers' and community stakeholders' perception of using drones for tuberculosis diagnosis in Nepal: an exploratory qualitative study.

Background: In rural Nepal, poor road and transport networks and few testing laboratories impede tuberculosis diagnosis. A drone transport system was established to transport sputum samples to laboratories with advanced molecular diagnostic machines - GeneXpert MTB/RIF. This study explored the perceptions of using drones for tuberculosis diagnosis among community stakeholders, female community health volunteers, and healthcare providers from communities with drones implemented and without drone programs.

Mothers making milestones: Awareness of rural mothers toward pediatric milestones.

Background: Developmental milestones are easily identifiable events during a child's development, and their thorough monitoring is of utmost importance till 6 years of age. Rural mothers are rarely explained these milestones, which may be a reason for the higher prevalence of developmental disorders in rural areas (≊18%). This study aimed to assess the knowledge of developmental milestones in rural mothers attending a rural, tertiary care hospital and further provides intelligence to the mothers on the same.

A Singular Case Analysis: Lamotrigine-Associated Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is an immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity reaction linked as an adverse side effect to many drugs. There have been case reports of similar incidences in Nepal related to various medications. Here, we present a case of a 29-year-old lady who developed a generalized erythematous rash over her body and erosion of the oral mucous membrane.

Predictors of citations and altmetric scores in general surgery literature.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine various article characteristics influencing the citations and altmetric scores using papers published in a year in four high-ranking surgery journals.

Material And Methods: We included all papers (n= 819 articles) published between January 2015 to December 2015 in the Annals of Surgery, British Journal of Surgery, JAMA Surgery and Journal of American College of Surgeons. Article characteristics were manually extracted.

Maleimide-Dependent Rh(III)-Catalyzed Site-Selective Mono and Dual C-H Functionalization of 2-Arylbenzo[]thiazole and Oxazole Derivatives.

The site-selective functionalization of aromatic compounds via C-H activation has emerged as a popular tool in organic synthesis. In this study, we report a regioselective coupling of maleimide to 2-arylbenzo[]thiazoles in the presence of a rhodium(III) catalyst. Depending upon the nature of the substituent (-group) present in the maleimide substrate, either mono- or bis-1,4-addition products were observed in this methodology.