Multi-omics analysis of uterine fluid extracellular vesicles reveals a resemblance with endometrial tissue across the menstrual cycle: biological and translational insights.

Study Question: Does the molecular composition of uterine fluid extracellular vesicles (UF-EVs) reflect endometrial tissue changes across the menstrual cycle?

Summary Answer: Concordance between endometrial tissue and UF-EVs exists on miRNA and mRNA levels along the menstrual cycle phases and UF-EV surface proteomic signatures suggest EVs originate from several major endometrial cell populations.

What Is Known Already: The clinical value of endometrial receptivity testing is restricted by invasiveness and the use of only one omics level of input. There is promising evidence that UF-EVs can reflect changes in mid-secretory endometrium, highlighting the potential to establish endometrial receptivity testing right before embryo transfer.

Cytology Triage for HPV-Positive Postmenopausal Women in a Setting of Cervical Cancer Screening.

Background: Globally, cervical cytology continues to serve as the cornerstone of cervical cancer screening programs, but WHO 2021 guidelines advocate HPV DNA testing as the primary screening modality due to its heightened sensitivity. This method necessitates additional triage with cytology or colposcopy to detect precancerous lesions. Hormonal shifts and anatomical alterations in postmenopausal women may impact diagnostic outcomes in either modality.

Tuning magnetism in Ising-type van der Waals magnet FePSby lithium intercalation.

Recently, layered transition metal thiophosphateP(= transition metals,= S or Se) have gained significant attention because of their rich magnetic, optical, and electronic properties. Specifically, the diverse magnetic structures and the robustness of magnetism in the two-dimensional (2D) limit have made them prominent candidates to study 2D magnetism. Numerous efforts such as substitutions and interlayer intercalations have been adopted to tune the magnetic properties of these materials, which has greatly deepened the understanding of the underlying mechanisms that govern the properties.

The hidden impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists on endometrial receptivity and implantation.

Increasing infertility rates represent a growing medical challenge in modern societies resulting from a complex interplay of sociocultural trends, lifestyle factors, exposure to environmental toxins, and underlying health problems. Women's fertility is particularly vulnerable to these shifts. The obesogenic lifestyle not only accelerates weight gain, but also disrupts ovulation driving the rise in infertility.

Effects of Ca on the Structure and Dynamics of PIP in Model Membranes Containing PC and PS.

Phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) are a family of seven different eukaryotic membrane lipids that have a large role in cell viability, despite their minor concentration in eukaryotic cellular membranes. PIPs tightly regulate cellular processes, such as cellular growth, metabolism, immunity, and development through direct interactions with partner proteins. Understanding the biophysical properties of PIPs in the complex membrane environment is important to understand how PIPs selectively regulate a partner protein.

Lipid nanoparticle delivery of TALEN mRNA targeting LPA causes gene disruption and plasma lipoprotein(a) reduction in transgenic mice.

Lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), is encoded by the LPA gene and is a causal genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Individuals with high Lp(a) are at risk for cardiovascular morbidity and are refractory to standard lipid-lowering agents. Lp(a)-lowering therapies currently in clinical development require repetitive dosing, while a gene editing approach presents an opportunity for a single-dose treatment.

What Characteristics Modify the Relation of Neighborhood Walkability and Walking Behavior in Older Adults?

Background And Objectives: Neighborhood walkability can influence walking behaviors in older adults. However, its associations of walkability with walking may differ by demographic, socioeconomic, health, social, and residential characteristics due to factors such as increased vulnerability to environmental factors or increased resilience.

Research Design And Methods: In a sample of older adults ( = 493, median age = 82 [range 78-89], 56% female, 31% Black), a walkability index was derived from audits of Google Street View images of participants' immediate neighborhoods.

Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation.

Women are born with a non-renewable pool of ovarian follicles, referred to as the ovarian reserve. This reserve consists of primordial follicles in the ovaries and can be affected by many factors, such as genetic and endocrine disorders, medical interventions, and endocrine disruptors. Fertility preservation is recommended when gonadotoxic treatments are necessary.

Proof-of-Concept for Long-Term Human Endometrial Epithelial Organoids in Modeling Menstrual Cycle Responses.

Endometrial disorders, such as infertility and endometriosis, significantly impact reproductive health, thus necessitating better models to study endometrial function. Current in vitro models fail to replicate the complexity of the human endometrium throughout the entire menstrual cycle. This study aimed to assess the physiological response of human endometrial organoids (hEOs) to in vitro hormonal treatments designed to mimic the hormonal fluctuations of the menstrual cycle.

Large language models to facilitate pregnancy prediction after in vitro fertilization.

We evaluated the efficacy of large language models (LLMs), specifically, generative pre-trained transformer-4 (GPT-4), in predicting pregnancy following in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment and compared its accuracy with results from an original published study. Our findings revealed that GPT-4 can autonomously develop and refine advanced machine learning models for pregnancy prediction with minimal human intervention. The prediction accuracy was 0.

Insulator-to-Metal Transition and Isotropic Gigantic Magnetoresistance in Layered Magnetic Semiconductors.

Magnetotransport, the response of electrical conduction to external magnetic field, acts as an important tool to reveal fundamental concepts behind exotic phenomena and plays a key role in enabling spintronic applications. Magnetotransport is generally sensitive to magnetic field orientations. In contrast, efficient and isotropic modulation of electronic transport, which is useful in technology applications such as omnidirectional sensing, is rarely seen, especially for pristine crystals.

Giant urinary bladder stone: A rare case report.

Introduction: Giant urinary bladder stones are rare phenomenon which is associated with chronic urinary infections, intravesical foreign bodies, urethral strictures, bladder diverticula etc. CASE REPORT: A 52-year-old man presented with complaints of severe dysuria, urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain, and pollakuria for the last ten years. Physical examination revealed a palpable suprapubic mass with no obvious flank masses.

Exploring the dynamics of situational interest in team-based learning in undergraduate medical education.

Background: Team-based learning (TBL) is a widely recognized instructional approach in medical education blending direct instruction with active-cooperative learning in small groups. While TBL is known to enhance knowledge acquisition, its impact on student motivation, particularly through situational interest, remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the development of situational interest across the distinct phases of TBL, focusing on how each phase (individual readiness assurance test; iRAT, team readiness assurance test; tRAT, and application exercise; AE) influences students' situational interest.

Combination Nanomedicine Strategy for Preventing High-Risk Corneal Transplantation Rejection.

High-risk (HR) corneal transplantation presents a formidable challenge, with over 50% of grafts experiencing rejection despite intensive postoperative care involving frequent topical eyedrop administration up to every 2 h, gradually tapering over 6-12 months, and ongoing maintenance dosing. While clinical evidence underscores the potential benefits of inhibiting postoperative angiogenesis, effective antiangiogenesis therapy remains elusive in this context. Here, we engineered controlled-release nanomedicine formulations comprising immunosuppressants (nanoparticles) and antiangiogenesis drugs (nanowafer) and demonstrated that these formulations can prevent HR corneal transplantation rejection for at least 6 months in a clinically relevant rat model.

Citalopram exposure of hESCs during neuronal differentiation identifies dysregulated genes involved in neurodevelopment and depression.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including citalopram, are widely used antidepressants during pregnancy. However, the effects of prenatal exposure to citalopram on neurodevelopment remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the impact of citalopram exposure on early neuronal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells using a multi-omics approach.

Utilization of Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy (AYUSH) Practitioners' Services Among Older Adults: Results From the Longitudinal Aging Study in India.

Background: Ayurveda, yoga, naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and homeopathy (AYUSH) form an alternative system of medicine in India. Understanding the utilization of AYUSH practitioners' services is crucial to substantiating the current government initiatives to mainstream AYUSH in the Indian health system. The utilization of AYUSH practitioners' services among different sub-populations, including older adults, for various health conditions is underexplored.

Effective intravitreal gene delivery to retinal pigment epithelium with hyaluronic acid nanospheres.

Inherited retinal degeneration (IRD) can cause a wide range of different forms of vision loss and blindness, and in spite of extensive advancements in gene therapy research, therapeutic approaches for targeting IRDs are still lacking. We have recently developed an approach for the intravitreal co-delivery of hyaluronic-acid nanospheres (HA-NSs) with sulfotyrosine (ST), effectively reaching the outer retina from the vitreal cavity. Here, our goal was to understand whether DNA-filled HA-NSs could generate gene expression in the outer retina.

CHK1 inhibitor induced PARylation by targeting PARG causes excessive replication and metabolic stress and overcomes chemoresistance in ovarian cancer.

Chemoresistance contributes to the majority of deaths in women with ovarian cancer (OC). Altered DNA repair and metabolic signaling is implicated in mediating therapeutic resistance. DNA damage checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) integrates cell cycle and DNA repair in replicating cells, and its inhibition causes replication stress, repair deficiency and cell cycle dysregulation.

Effects of Ca on the Structure and Dynamics of PIP3 in Model Membranes Containing PC and PS.

Phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) are a family of seven different eukaryotic membrane lipids that have a large role in cell viability, despite their minor concentration in eukaryotic cellular membranes. PIPs tightly regulate cellular processes such as cellular growth, metabolism, immunity, and development through direct interactions with partner proteins. Understanding the biophysical properties of PIPs in the complex membrane environment is important to understand how PIPs selectively regulate a partner protein.

Generative artificial intelligence to produce high-fidelity blastocyst-stage embryo images.

Study Question: Can generative artificial intelligence (AI) models produce high-fidelity images of human blastocysts?

Summary Answer: Generative AI models exhibit the capability to generate high-fidelity human blastocyst images, thereby providing substantial training datasets crucial for the development of robust AI models.

What Is Known Already: The integration of AI into IVF procedures holds the potential to enhance objectivity and automate embryo selection for transfer. However, the effectiveness of AI is limited by data scarcity and ethical concerns related to patient data privacy.