Effectiveness of Fungicides and Their Application Timing for the Management of Sorghum Foliar Anthracnose in the Mid-Atlantic United States.

Sorghum anthracnose () reduces grain yield up to 50% but suggested management tactics have not yet been developed for the mid-Atlantic United States, where warm, wet conditions favor disease. Under factorial arrangement, five fungicides plus a nontreated control and four application timings were compared for foliar anthracnose control, yield, and profitability of fungicide use in grain sorghum over eight site-years in Virginia and North Carolina. Anthracnose severity was rated at the hard dough stage, and grain yield was determined at harvest.

Observation of Light-by-Light Scattering in Ultraperipheral Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

This Letter describes the observation of the light-by-light scattering process, γγ→γγ, in Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV. The analysis is conducted using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.

Comparison of Fragmentation Functions for Jets Dominated by Light Quarks and Gluons from pp and Pb+Pb Collisions in ATLAS.

Charged-particle fragmentation functions for jets azimuthally balanced by a high-transverse-momentum, prompt, isolated photon are measured in 25  pb^{-1} of pp and 0.49  nb^{-1} of Pb+Pb collision data at 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

Hourly associations between ambient air pollution and emergency ambulance calls in one central Chinese city: Implications for hourly air quality standards.

Background: Most studies on the short-term health effects of air pollution have been conducted on a daily time scale, while hourly associations remain unclear.

Methods: We collected the hourly data of emergency ambulance calls (EACs), ambient air pollution, and meteorological variables from 2014 to 2016 in Luoyang, a central Chinese city in Henan Province. We used a generalized additive model to estimate the hourly effects of ambient air pollutants (PM, PM, SO, and NO) on EACs for all natural causes and cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity, with adjustment for potential confounding factors.

Correction: Health behaviors, outcomes and their relationships among young men aged 18-24 years in a rural area of north India: A cross-sectional study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Magnetic Monopole Search with the Full MoEDAL Trapping Detector in 13 TeV pp Collisions Interpreted in Photon-Fusion and Drell-Yan Production.

MoEDAL is designed to identify new physics in the form of stable or pseudostable highly ionizing particles produced in high-energy Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collisions. Here we update our previous search for magnetic monopoles in Run 2 using the full trapping detector with almost four times more material and almost twice more integrated luminosity. For the first time at the LHC, the data were interpreted in terms of photon-fusion monopole direct production in addition to the Drell-Yan-like mechanism.

Health behaviors, outcomes and their relationships among young men aged 18-24 years in a rural area of north India: A cross-sectional study.

Background: There is limited information related to health behaviors and their related factors among young men in rural setting of India. This study was conducted to investigate multiple health risk behaviors and outcomes among young men aged 18-24 years in rural India.

Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional survey conducted in the Ballabgarh block of Faridabad district, Haryana, India.

Ambient fine particulate matter and ozone higher than certain thresholds associated with myopia in the elderly aged 50 years and above.

Although myopia has been largely ignored among the elderly population, there is an increased risk of myopia with advancing age. Ambient air pollution is one potential contributor to vision impairments, but few epidemiological studies have demonstrated such an association. This cross-sectional survey collected the information of 33,626 subjects aged ≥50 years in six developing countries during 2007-2010.

Combination of Searches for Invisible Higgs Boson Decays with the ATLAS Experiment.

Dark matter particles, if sufficiently light, may be produced in decays of the Higgs boson. This Letter presents a statistical combination of searches for H→invisible decays where H is produced according to the standard model via vector boson fusion, Z(ℓℓ)H, and W/Z(had)H, all performed with the ATLAS detector using 36.1  fb^{-1} of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=13  TeV at the LHC.

Streptococcus pneumoniae Acquisition and Carriage in Vaccine Naïve Indian Children with HIV and their Parents: A Longitudinal Household Study.

Objectives: To investigate the difference in pneumococcal carriage, acquisition, antibiotic resistance profiles and serotype distribution, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affected and unaffected families.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in children with and without HIV in West Bengal from March 2012 through August 2014, prior to 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) immunization. One thousand four hundred forty one nasopharyngeal swabs were collected and cultured at five-time points from children and their parents for pneumococcal culture, and serotyping by Quellung method.

Erratum to: Measurement of the boson polarisation in events from collisions at in the lepton + jets channel with ATLAS.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4819-4.].

Designing and implementing an integrated non-communicable disease primary care intervention in rural Nepal.

Low-income and middle-income countries are struggling with a growing epidemic of non-communicable diseases. To achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, their healthcare systems need to be strengthened and redesigned. The Starfield 4Cs of primary care-first-contact access, care coordination, comprehensiveness and continuity-offer practical, high-quality design options for non-communicable disease care in low-income and middle-income countries.

Probing compression versus stretch activated recruitment of cortical actin and apical junction proteins using mechanical stimulations of suspended doublets.

We report an experimental approach to study the mechanosensitivity of cell-cell contact upon mechanical stimulation in suspended cell-doublets. The doublet is placed astride an hourglass aperture, and a hydrodynamic force is selectively exerted on only one of the cells. The geometry of the device concentrates the mechanical shear over the junction area.

Search for the Production of a Long-Lived Neutral Particle Decaying within the ATLAS Hadronic Calorimeter in Association with a Z Boson from pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

This Letter presents a search for the production of a long-lived neutral particle (Z_{d}) decaying within the ATLAS hadronic calorimeter, in association with a standard model (SM) Z boson produced via an intermediate scalar boson, where Z→ℓ^{+}ℓ^{-} (ℓ=e, μ). The data used were collected by the ATLAS detector during 2015 and 2016 pp collisions with a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=13  TeV at the Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36.1±0.

Randomized Phase II Trial to Compare the Efficacy of Haloperidol and Olanzapine in the Control of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Nepal.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare efficacy and toxicity of olanzapine (OLN; a higher-cost drug) and haloperidol (HAL; a lower-cost drug) in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients who receive highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).

Patients And Methods: In a randomized, phase II trial, patients were randomly assigned to receive either OLN 10 mg orally on days 1 to 4 or HAL 1 mg orally on day 1 and 0.5 mg twice daily on days 2 to 4.

Polymeric Composites with Embedded Nanocrystalline Cellulose for the Removal of Iron(II) from Contaminated Water.

The exponential increase in heavy metal usage for industrial applications has led to the limited supply of clean water for human needs. Iron is one of the examples of heavy metals, which is responsible for an unpleasant taste of water and its discoloration, and is also associated with elevated health risks if it persists in drinking water for a prolonged period of time. The adsorption of a soluble form of iron (Fe) from water resources is generally accomplished in the presence of natural or synthetic polymers or nanoparticles, followed by their filtration from treated water.

Dedicated Bioenergy Crops and Water Erosion.

Information on the water quality impact of perennial warm-season grasses (WSGs) when grown in marginal lands as dedicated energy crops is limited. We studied how WSGs affected runoff, sediment, and nutrient losses and related near-surface soil properties to those of no-till corn ( L.) on an eroded soil in southwestern Iowa and a center pivot corner in east-central Nebraska.

Understanding perceptions of global healthcare experiences on provider values and practices in the USA: a qualitative study among global health physicians and program directors.

Objectives: The study aimed to qualitatively examine the perspectives of US-based physicians and academic global health programme leaders on how global health work shapes their viewpoints, values and healthcare practices back in the USA.

Design: A prospective, qualitative exploratory study that employed online questionnaires and open-ended, semi-structured interviews with two participant groups: (1) global health physicians and (2) global health programme leaders affiliated with USA-based academic medical centres. Open coding procedures and thematic content analysis were used to analyse data and derive themes for discussion.

Peptide-targeted liposomal delivery of dexamethasone for arthritis therapy.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease affecting the joints. Antiarthritic drugs are given systemically, thereby exposing various healthy organs to these drugs, resulting in adverse reactions. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for targeted drug delivery methods for inflamed joints.

Feasibility of a Comprehensive Targeted Cholera Intervention in The Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.

A comprehensive targeted intervention (CTI) was designed and deployed in the neighborhoods of cholera cases in the Kathmandu Valley with the intent of reducing rates among the neighbors of the case. This was a feasibility study to determine whether clinical centers, laboratories, and field teams were able to mount a rapid, community-based response to a case within 2 days of hospital admission. Daily line listings were requested from 15 participating hospitals during the monsoon season, and a single case initiated the CTI.

The Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G-protein β subunit, AGB1, is required for guard cell calcium sensing and calcium-induced calcium release.

Cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca ] ) and heterotrimeric G-proteins are universal eukaryotic signaling elements. In plant guard cells, extracellular calcium (Ca ) is as strong a stimulus for stomatal closure as the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), but underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report that the sole Arabidopsis heterotrimeric Gβ subunit, AGB1, is required for four guard cell Ca responses: induction of stomatal closure; inhibition of stomatal opening; [Ca ] oscillation; and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) production.

Search for doubly charged scalar bosons decaying into same-sign boson pairs with the ATLAS detector.

A search for doubly charged scalar bosons decaying into boson pairs is presented. It uses a data sample from proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016.

Dynamic Studies on Intrinsically Disordered Regions of Two Paralogous Transcription Factors Reveal Rigid Segments with Important Biological Functions.

Long stretches of intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are abundantly present in eukaryotic transcription factors. Although their biological significance is well appreciated, the underlying structural and dynamic mechanisms of their function are still not clear. Using solution NMR spectroscopy, we have studied the structural and dynamic features of two paralogous HOX transcription factors, SCR and DFD, from Drosophila.

Transition to active learning in rural Nepal: an adaptable and scalable curriculum development model.

Background: Traditional medical education in much of the world has historically relied on passive learning. Although active learning has been in the medical education literature for decades, its incorporation into practice has been inconsistent. We describe and analyze the implementation of a multidisciplinary continuing medical education curriculum in a rural Nepali district hospital, for which a core objective was an organizational shift towards active learning.