Agroecosystem diversification with legumes or non-legumes improves differently soil fertility according to soil type.

Plant diversification through crop rotation or agroforestry is a promising way to improve sustainability of agroecosystems. Nonetheless, criteria to select the most suitable plant communities for agroecosystems diversification facing contrasting environmental constraints need to be refined. Here, we compared the impacts of 24 different plant communities on soil fertility across six tropical agroecosystems: either on highly weathered Ferralsols, with strong P limitation, or on partially weathered soils derived from volcanic material, with major N limitation.

Data on the abundance of the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus and of the earwig Euborellia caraibea in bare soil and cover crop plots.

The data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled "Cover cropping reduces the abundance of the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus but does not reduce its damage to the banana plants" (Carval et al., in press) [1]. This article describes how the abundance of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus, and the abundance of the earwig Euborellia caraibea were affected by the addition of a cover crop.

Selective extraction of PAHs from a sediment with structural preservation of Natural Organic Matter.

Selective extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) without structural modification of the Natural Organic Matter (NOM) from a heavily contaminated sediment was investigated using various solvents mixtures. Structural modification of the NOM was monitored after extraction using 3D-fluorescence spectroscopy. Better results were obtained with a 15-h PAH extraction under reflux with a dichloromethane/cyclohexane 20/80 mixture.

Decision support tool for soil sampling of heterogeneous pesticide (chlordecone) pollution.

When field pollution is heterogeneous due to localized pesticide application, as is the case of chlordecone (CLD), the mean level of pollution is difficult to assess. Our objective was to design a decision support tool to optimize soil sampling. We analyzed the CLD heterogeneity of soil content at 0-30- and 30-60-cm depth.

Determination of soil content in chlordecone (organochlorine pesticide) using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS).

Chlordecone is a toxic organochlorine insecticide that was used in banana plantations until 1993 in the French West Indies. This study aimed at assessing the potential of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) for determining chlordecone content in Andosols, Nitisols and Ferralsols from Martinique. Using partial least square regression, chlordecone content conventionally determined through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry could be correctly predicted by NIRS (Q(2) = 0.

Long-term pollution by chlordecone of tropical volcanic soils in the French West Indies: a simple leaching model accounts for current residue.

Chlordecone was applied between 1972 and 1993 in banana fields of the French West Indies. This resulted in long-term pollution of soils and contamination of waters, aquatic biota, and crops. To assess pollution level and duration according to soil type, WISORCH, a leaching model based on first-order desorption kinetics, was developed and run.

[Development of treatments and results of mandibular fractures from 1950 to 1978 at the University Center Hospital in Lyon].

Over the period extending from 1950 to 1978, the treatment of mandibular fractures at the CHU of Lyon followed a dual evolutionary course. On the one hand, fractures of the dental part of the bone were treated more and more often surgically via the endobuccal approach, by osteosynthesis using miniature screwed plates. On the other hand, fractures of the region of the condyle benefited from mechanotherapy according to professor Delaire's technique.

[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the maxillary sinus. Clinical and therapeutic aspects].

Malignant fibrous histiocytomas, or MFH, have been individualized only since the last two decades. These sarcomas which usually develop from soft tissues are no longer considered rare, except in some of their facial sinus localizations. Two chapters will be particularly developed: the paramount significance of anatomopathological investigations owing to the difficulty in establishing the diagnosis, since MFHs may be mistaken for benign processes; the treatment which is, generally speaking, the same as for bone sarcomas.

[Clinical and therapeutic aspects of maxillofacial lesions of Paget's disease].

Histopathology of mandibular swellings in two women aged 68 and 73 years respectively provided a diagnosis of Paget's disease. The complementary biological tests (phosphorus-calcium metabolism, alkaline phosphatase, hydroxyprolinuria) performed showed the increase in bone metabolism, while imaging techniques (conventional radiography, scintigraphy, CT scan) demonstrated numerous subclinical bony foci. Treatment of the facial deformity, if desirable esthetically or functionally necessary (alveolitis, osteitis) can only be surgical.

[Macroglossia in apparently primary amyloidosis].

The authors report a case of apparently primary amyloidosis in which macroglossia was the clinical presentation, confirmed by lingual biopsy. They take advantage of this case to review the therapeutic possibilities, though stating that from a stomatological standpoint there is virtually nothing available.

[Cosmetic and functional diagnosis in vertical dysmorphisms of the face].

If it is accepted that 68 p. 100 of patients consulting for maxillofacial malformations do so for cosmetic reasons then the facial deformity must be taken into account in a similar manner to the maxillodental dysmorphism. A morphological cosmetic diagnosis must therefore be combined with a skeletal functional diagnosis.

[Chronic maxillofacial suppuration due to unknown plant foreign bodies. Apropos of 2 cases with CT scanning].

Common features in two patients with chronic suppurative lesions of the maxillofacial region from vegetable foreign bodies were : foreign body origin of the accident ; chronic nature of the suppuration (7 and 23 months respectively) ; multiple operations by different surgical teams ; radiotransparency of the foreign bodies. Positive signs on CT scanning can confirm the diagnosis, but cannot exclude it when normal images are obtained. The number and localization of wood fragments may limit the value of the scan, and fistulography and xeroradiography may then provide confirmation of the diagnosis.

[Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at a dental site. A case report].

The authors report on a case of non-Hodgkin type malignant lymphoma in which signs of the disease develop initially in the upper maxilla. The authors were able to observe the patient over a period of 3 years. They used this opportunity, as follows: -to grade the tumour according to the different classification schemata proposed for these tumours, -to attempt to assess the changes and progress in drug therapy for these conditions, while at all times keeping an open mind regarding the value of results obtained in this manner.

[Treatment of mandibular fractures in children. Our therapeutic approach (author's transl)].

This is a study of 15 fractures of the mandible in children. We were able to make the following conclusions: --the usual causes of these fractures are road traffic accidents or accidents at play, --the fracture is usually single (7 cases) multiple (8 cases) and in 13 children out of 15 there was a fracture of the condyle. --the presence of the first dentition and dental germs posed special problems.

[Treatment of large mandibular cysts (author's transl)].

Apart from certain particular types of lesions, the diagnosis of a histologically benign "large mandibular cyst" (paradental cyst, epidermal cyst, ameloblastoma...

[Hereditary enamel dysplasia. Therapeutic approach apropos of 2 cases].

Two cases of hereditary dysplasia in the same generation of a family are presented. The genetic line is suggestive of a dominant transmission. The therapeutic attitude in each case: --Orthodontic, endodontic and prosthetic rehabilitation in the 1st case.