Outcomes of Children With Short Bowel Syndrome: Experiences in a Multidisciplinary Intestinal Rehabilitation Unit Over Two Decades.

Background: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a rare but serious form of organ failure, and patients with SBS depend on total parenteral nutrition (PN) to maintain growth and development. The present study aimed to evaluate the experiences and outcomes of children with SBS managed by a multidisciplinary intestinal rehabilitation programme in a tertiary paediatric centre.

Methods: A retrospective single-centre analysis of all paediatric patients with a clinical diagnosis of SBS between 2001 and 2022 was performed.

Comparative Outcomes of Single-Stage versus Two-Stage Laparoscopic Fowler-Stephens Orchidopexy: A Systematic Review snd Meta-Analysis.

Introduction:  Intra-abdominal testis (IAT) remains a challenging and controversial subset within the management of cryptorchidism. While Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy (FSO) is still being advocated as the gold standard for the treatment of this entity, there is new and conflicting evidence on the comparative outcomes between single- or two-stage laparoscopic FSO (LFSO). The aim of the study is to investigate whether staging has benefits in children receiving LFSO.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of omphalocele and gastroschisis: a 20-year multicenter regional experience.

Omphalocele and gastroschisis are the most common types of abdominal wall defects. Comprehensive local experience helps parents to make decisions on the pregnancy and foresee the disease journey. A retrospective review of abdominal wall defect patients in all three pediatric surgical centers in Hong Kong between January 2003 and February 2023 was conducted.

Enhancing neonatal thoracoscopic surgical training with rabbit model.

Background: Thoracoscopy, which has an increasing role in the treatment of indexed neonatal surgical conditions, requires adequate training. To support this, the current study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of using live rabbit models in neonatal thoracoscopic skills training among paediatric surgeons.

Methods: Following didactic lectures and demonstrations, the participants were given hands-on opportunities to perform thoracoscopic procedures.

Prophylactic anti-reflux procedure for children undergoing laparoscopic gastrostomy: Rethinking of the routine practice.

Aim: Laparoscopic gastrostomy is a frequently performed procedure in children requiring long-term enteral nutrition. The role of prophylactic anti-reflux surgery during gastrostomy placements is controversial. The current study aims to evaluate the role of prophylactic anti-reflux procedures during gastrostomy placement.

Open Versus Thoracoscopic Repair of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A 19-Year Review in a Tertiary Referral Centre in Hong Kong.

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a developmental defect that causes herniation of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity with significant morbidity. Thoracoscopic repair of CDH is an increasingly prevalent yet controversial surgical technique, with limited long-term outcome data in the Asian region. The aim of this study was to compare open laparotomy versus thoracoscopic repair of CDH in paediatric patients in a major tertiary referral centre in Asia.

Does Chewing Gum Lead to Earlier Postoperative Gastrointestinal Recovery in Children? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Postoperative ileus is a common occurrence among children undergoing major operations, including gastrointestinal and spinal surgeries. Preliminary evidence in adults suggests that chewing gum plays a role in accelerating the return of postoperative gastrointestinal function. However, evidence is scarce in the paediatric population.

Baseline gut microbiota and metabolome predict durable immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

The role of gut microbiota in modulating the durability of COVID-19 vaccine immunity is yet to be characterised. In this cohort study, we collected blood and stool samples of 121 BNT162b2 and 40 CoronaVac vaccinees at baseline, 1 month, and 6 months post vaccination (p.v.

Internet Health Resources on Nocturnal Enuresis: A Readability, Quality, and Accuracy Analysis.

Introduction:  Nocturnal enuresis is a common yet quality-of-life-limiting pediatric condition. There is an increasing trend for parents to obtain information on the disease's nature and treatment options via the internet. However, the quality of health-related information on the internet varies greatly and is largely uncontrolled and unregulated.

Does the Choice of Suture Materials Affect the Vas Deferens after Hernia Ring Closure in Inguinal Hernia Surgery: An Experimental Study in Rats.

Introduction: Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is a commonly performed procedure in children. Currently, monofilament polypropylene and braided silk are the two most frequently used materials. Studies have suggested more tissue inflammatory reactions with the use of multifilament non-absorbable sutures.

Primary anastomosis is the preferred surgical approach for proximal intestinal atresia: a retrospective 20-year analysis.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the outcomes of primary anastomosis (PA) and enterostomy as treatments for intestinal atresia in neonates to identify the factors influencing the choice of modality.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-centre analysis of all neonates with intestinal atresia between 2000 and 2020 and measured the clinical outcomes. We performed logistic regression to identify factors that influenced the choice of surgical approach.

Enhanced recovery after surgery in pediatric urology: Current evidence and future practice.

Purpose: To offer an up-to-date appraisal of the current status of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in pediatric urology and to provide a guide for the clinical urologist.

Materials And Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search and scoping review on ERAS protocols in pediatric urology using Pubmed (from 1946), Cochrane library, and MEDLINE to December 2021 with the terms ''enhanced recovery'', ''protocolised care'', ''post-operative protocol", ''fast-track surgery'' and ''pediatric urology". Studies were excluded if they did not include perioperative intervention related to urological procedures, no full-text available and in non-English language.

Long-term follow-up of biliary atresia using liver transient elastography.

Objective: Liver transient elastography (TE) using FibroScan® has gained popularity as a non-invasive technique to assess hepatic fibrosis by measuring liver stiffness. This study focused on biliary atresia patients post Kasai operation for more than 10 years to prospectively correlate the hepatic fibrosis score to the biochemical changes of liver fibrosis and clinical development of portal hypertensive complications.

Methods: TE was performed in 37 patients who had biliary atresia post Kasai operation done at median age of 60 days.

Global parental leave in surgical careers: differences according to gender, geographical regions and surgical career stages.

Background: There is a lack of information regarding the provision of parental leave for surgical careers. This survey study aims to evaluate the experience of maternity/paternity leave and views on work-life balance globally.

Methods: A 55-item online survey in 24 languages was distributed via social media as per CHERRIES guideline from February to March 2020.

Antenatal counselling of congenital surgical anomalies: A decade of experience in a local tertiary centre.

Aim: This study reviewed the experience of a tertiary paediatric surgery and obstetric centre on prenatal counselling of congenital surgical anomalies and to explore the role of paediatric surgeons on perinatal outcomes of antenatally detected anomalies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all antenatal consultations and subsequent medical records after birth were performed between 2009 and 2018. Data including timing of consultations, gestations at birth, birthweight, impact on obstetrics management, neonatal mortality and need of surgery were included.

The type 2 diabetes gene product STARD10 is a phosphoinositide-binding protein that controls insulin secretory granule biogenesis.

Objective: Risk alleles for type 2 diabetes at the STARD10 locus are associated with lowered STARD10 expression in the β-cell, impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion, and decreased circulating proinsulin:insulin ratios. Although likely to serve as a mediator of intracellular lipid transfer, the identity of the transported lipids and thus the pathways through which STARD10 regulates β-cell function are not understood. The aim of this study was to identify the lipids transported and affected by STARD10 in the β-cell and the role of the protein in controlling proinsulin processing and insulin granule biogenesis and maturation.

Thyroid Carcinoma Showing Thymus-Like Differentiation (CASTLE) with Tracheal Invasion: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Thyroid carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare disease entity. It arises from ectopic thymic tissue in the thyroid gland. Patients usually present with enlarging neck mass and hoarseness.