Chromosomal polymorphism of the Ceratocystis fimbriata species complex in Brazil.

Ceratocystis fimbriata is an important pathogen that causes wilt in several plant species. Despite the importance of this pathogen, knowledge about its karyotypic polymorphism and genomic architecture is limited. The main objective of this study was to investigate the karyotype of isolates of the C.

Cultivar Resistance against Colletotrichum asianum in the World Collection of Mango Germplasm in Southeastern Brazil.

During the spring of 2014, a wide survey was conducted in one of the most important mango () cultivating areas located in Minas Gerais State (Brazil) to ascertain the causal agent of severe anthracnose infections and to evaluate disease susceptibility within a world collection of mango germplasm. Overall, 86 cultivars were monitored and 152 fungal isolates recovered from infected samples were identified by morphological characterization, DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. All isolates were identified as .

Draft Genome Sequence of Erwinia psidii, Causal Agent of Bacterial Blight of Guava () and Dieback of Eucalypt ( spp.).

Here, we present a draft genome sequence of the type strain IBSBF 435 of Erwinia psidii (), a phytopathogen that causes bacterial blight on guava (Psidium guava) and dieback and wilt on eucalypt ( spp.), both of which are important emerging diseases.

pv. pv. nov. Causing Bacterial Leaf Blight on Eucalypt in Brazil.

Bacterial leaf blight is a major disease of eucalypt, especially under nursery conditions. Different bacterial species have been associated with the disease in several countries, and despite its importance worldwide, it is not clear to date whether similar disease symptoms are caused by the same or by different etiological agents. In this study, 43 bacterial strains were isolated from blighted eucalypt leaves collected in different geographic areas of Brazil and inoculated onto a susceptible eucalypt clone.

Carfentrazone-ethyl and glyphosate drift inhibits uredinial formation of Austropuccinia psidii on Eucalyptus grandis leaves.

Background: The response to infection of Austropuccinia psidii in resistant (CLR-383) and susceptible (CLR-384) Eucalyptus grandis clones, exposed to herbicide drift of carfentrazone-ethyl, glyphosate and a mixture of these two herbicides, was evaluated at microscopic and physiological levels.

Results: Plants of the two clones showed symptoms of phytotoxicity caused by herbicide drift. However, net CO assimilation rate, height and shoot dry matter were lower in CLR-384 than in CLR-383.

Eucalypt plants are physiologically and metabolically affected by infection with Ceratocystis fimbriata.

Ceratocystis wilt, caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata, is currently one of the most important disease in eucalypt plantations. Plants infected by C. fimbriata have lower volumetric growth, lower pulp yields and reduced timber values.

Rhizobacterial characterization for quality control of eucalyptus biogrowth promoter products.

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strains from special formulations have been used to optimize eucalyptus cutting production. To undertake quality control for the formulated products, the rhizobacterial strains should be characterized to assess their purity and authentication. In the present study, we characterized nine strains of rhizobacteria, including three Bacillus subtilis (S1, S2 and 3918), two Pseudomonas sp.

Chrysoporthe cubensis: a new source of cellulases and hemicellulases to application in biomass saccharification processes.

The plant pathogenic fungus Chrysoporthe cubensis was cultivated under solid state employing different substrates and the highest endoglucanase (33.84Ug(-1)), FPase (2.52Ug(-1)), β-glucosidase (21.

Characterization of cellulolytic extract from Pycnoporus sanguineus PF-2 and its application in biomass saccharification.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the biochemical features of the white-rot fungi Pycnoporus sanguineus cellulolytic complex and its utilization to sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis. When cultivated under submerged fermentation using corn cobs as carbon source, P. sanguineus produced high FPase, endoglucanase, β-glucosidase, xylanase, mannanase, α-galactosidase, α-arabinofuranosidase, and polygalacturonase activities.

Genetic control of Eucalyptus urophylla and E. grandis resistance to canker caused by Chrysoporthe cubensis.

Chrysophorte cubensis induced canker occurs in nearly all tropical and subtropical regions where eucalypts are planted, causing losses in both wood quality and volume productivity, especially so in the warmer and more humid regions of Brazil. The wide inter and intra-specific genetic variability of resistance to canker among Eucalyptus species facilitates the selection of resistant plants. In this study, we evaluated resistance to this pathogen in five Eucalyptus grandis (G) and 15 E.

Linkage analysis between dominant and co-dominant makers in full-sib families of out-breeding species.

As high-throughput genomic tools, such as the DNA microarray platform, have lead to the development of novel genotyping procedures, such as Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), it is likely that, in the future, high density linkage maps will be constructed from both dominant and co-dominant markers. Recently, a strictly genetic approach was described for estimating recombination frequency (r) between co-dominant markers in full-sib families. The complete set of maximum likelihood estimators for r in full-sib families was almost obtained, but unfortunately, one particular configuration involving dominant markers, segregating in a 3:1 ratio and co-dominant markers, was not considered.

A NOVEL EPIPHYTIC CYANOBACTERIAL SPECIES FROM THE GENUS BRASILONEMA CAUSING DAMAGE TO EUCALYPTUS LEAVES(1).

A cyanobacterial mat colonizing the leaves of Eucalyptus grandis was determined to be responsible for serious damage affecting the growth and development of whole plants under the clonal hybrid nursery conditions. The dominant cyanobacterial species was isolated in BG-11 medium lacking a source of combined nitrogen and identified by cell morphology characters and molecular phylogenetic analysis (16S rRNA gene and cpcBA-IGS sequences). The isolated strain represents a novel species of the genus Brasilonema and is designated Brasilonema octagenarum strain UFV-E1.

PERMANENT GENETIC RESOURCES: Development of microsatellite markers for the guava rust fungus, Puccinia psidii.

We developed and characterized 15 polymorphic microsatellite markers present in the genome of the guava rust fungus, Puccinia psidii. The primers for these microsatellite markers were designed by sequencing clones from a genomic DNA library enriched for a simple sequence repeat (SSR) motif of (AG). All these 15 primer pairs successfully amplified DNA fragments from a sample of 22 P.

A priori choice of hybrid parents in plants.

Plant breeding deals with high-yielding genotypes. However, how best to choose parents of these genotypes remains an unsolved question. Here, we focus on a priori choice based on parental distances by means of agronomic and molecular data.